Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the XRCC1 Gene and Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer in Chinese Men

Zhou, Yun-Feng,Zhang, Guang-Bo,Qu, Ping,Zhou, Jian,Pan, Hui-Xin,Hou, Jian-Quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Background: Prostate cancer (Pca) is one of the most common complex and polygenic diseases in men. The X-ray repair complementing group 1 gene (XRCC1) is an important candidate in the pathogenesis of Pca. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene and susceptibility to Pca. Materials and Methods: XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and associations with susceptibility to Pca were investigated in 193 prostate patients and 188 cancer-free Chinese men. Results: The c.910A>G variant in the exon9 of XRCC1 gene could be detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing methods. Significantly increased susceptibility to prostate cancer was noted in the homozygote comparison (GG versus AA: OR=2.95, 95% CI 1.46-5.42, ${\chi}^2$=12.36, P=0.001), heterozygote comparison (AG versus AA: OR=1.76, 95% CI 1.12-2.51, ${\chi}^2$=4.04, P=0.045), dominant model (GG/AG versus AA: OR=1.93, 95% CI 1.19-2.97, ${\chi}^2$=9.12, P=0.003), recessive model (GG versus AG+AA: OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.33-4.06, ${\chi}^2$=8.86, P=0.003) and with allele contrast (G versus A: OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.56-2.42, ${\chi}^2$=14.67, P<0.000). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the c.910A>G polymorphism of the XRCC1 gene is associated with susceptibility to Pca in Chinese men, the G-allele conferring higher risk.

Tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order ^p4

Feng, Yan-Quan,Kwak, Jin Ho,Xu, Ming-Yao,Zhou, Jin-Xin Elsevier 2008 European journal of combinatorics : Journal europ& Vol.29 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A graph is half-arc-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on vertices and edges, but not on arcs. It is known that for a prime p there is no tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order p or <SUP>p2</SUP>. Xu [M.Y. Xu, Half-transitive graphs of prime-cube order, J. Algebraic Combin. 1 (1992) 275–282] classified the tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order <SUP>p3</SUP>. As a continuation, we classify in this paper the tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order <SUP>p4</SUP>. It shows that there are exactly p−1 nonisomorphic connected tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order <SUP>p4</SUP> for each odd prime p.</P>

Temporary Shear Brace Design Method for Steel Box Girder Viaduct in Transverse Block Construction

Jin-feng Wang,Min-quan Wang,Yu-bing Zhou,Xi Wu 한국강구조학회 2018 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.18 No.3

Transverse block of a steel box girder viaduct can decrease the shear connection between the upper part and the lower part. As a consequence, defl ection and defl ection diff erence between blocks are signifi cant, and the performance of weld seams and fi nished viaduct can be aff ected. To decrease the defl ection of steel box blocks with an open section after transverse discretization, a piecewise uniform arrangement of temporary shear braces is proposed on condition that the total shear stiff - ness of the shear braces remains unchanged. First, the formulas for slip, axial force and defl ection with a piecewise uniform arrangement of temporary shear braces are given, and the accuracy is verifi ed by comparing the results with fi nite element method. The proposed formulas are applied to two fi eld studies and the results show good agreement with measured data. Finally, the optimal arrangement of temporary shear braces was explored by the sequential quadratic programming optimization method. The defl ection and the defl ection diff erence at welding position are reduced signifi cantly after bracing, and the optimal shear braces arrangement is to arrange the braces more at the ends of the blocks.

Analytical and Numerical Analysis on a New Type of Bolted Connection for Modular Steel Construction

En-Feng Deng,Jun-Yi Lian,Zhe Zhang,Zhe Liu,Ji-Jian Zhou,Shi-Quan Wang 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.4

Modular steel construction (MSC) has exhibited widespread applications in civil engineering. The inter-module connection is a key issue for the seismic performance of MSC. A detailed finite element model (FEM) of a new type of bolted connection was firstly developed. Its accuracy was validated by comparing numerical results with previous experimental results in terms of hysteretic curve and failure mode. A theoretical mechanical model was developed and its capabilities on predictions of initial rotational stiffness and ultimate moment resistance of the connection were checked through validations against test results. Further, a parametric study on several specimens with different axial load ratios, boundary conditions and section of the beams was conducted. The prediction capability of the theoretical model on seismic behavior of the connection with different beam sections was checked by comparing the skeleton curves of FEA results with theoretical ones. Subsequently, a simplified FEM was established and validated to accelerate the numerical simulation of the seismic performance of the connection.

Integrated Protection Unit Design for Power Networks

Zhan-feng Fan,Sheng-ming Ge,Z Q Bo,Lin Wang,Feng-quan Zhou,Xing Liu,Guo-bing Song 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.4

This paper presents an hardware design solution for integrated protection of distribution systems (Network Protection Unit) by combining transient polarity comparison technique, which is based on the detection and processing of fault generated transient current signals. The integrated protection relays installed at each substation of a distribution network are communicated with the Network Protection Unit through specially designed Packet Transport Network (PTN) for fast and reliable transmission of transient polarity current signals. The relay detects the faulted generated super-imposed current signals. The transient polarity identification algorithm is then applied to the super-imposed signals to identify the polarity of the signal detected. The Network Protection Unit can collect all the transient polarity current signals under its protection area. Then The direction of a fault is determined by comparison of the polarity of the signals derived from all the line sections connected to the substation. The actual faulted section is identified by the Network Protection Unit through comparing the directional information from various stations. Simulation results presented in the paper demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme.

Engineering Characteristics and Reinforcement Program of Inclined Pre−stressed Concrete Pipe Piles

De-quan Zhou,Chen-xi Feng 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.9

When it comes to the deep soft soil foundation, improper construction, preloading, and excavation may result in the inclination of the pre−stressed concrete pipe (PCP) piles. Lack of understanding on deformation characteristics may lead to inaccurate reinforcement plan, thereby causing new engineering accidents. This study analyzes an engineering accident induced by the pile inclination, based on which the finite element method model is built. Deformation characteristics of the foundation incorporating inclined PCP piles are investigated, and the reinforcement program involving placement of the pile with opposite inclination is proposed and compared with the conventional reinforcement program using vertical piles. Findings of this study are two−folds: 1) A critical inclination angle affecting the vertical settlement exists, below which the pile inclination has limited effects upon the vertical load bearing capacity of the foundation. 2) The vertical subsidence, the lateral displacement and the bending moment of the reinforcement program based on the reversely inclined pile are all decreased, which helps bear the overburden load and improve stability. In the process of engineering accident treatment, the bearing capacity of PCP piles with small inclination angles can be first reduced according to their inclination angles, followed by judgement that whether these PCP piles meet the requirements on bearing capacity. The PCP piles with large inclination angles must be strengthened, and the reverse inclined PCP piles are recommended.

Preparation of minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K from American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848

Liu, Chun-Ying,Zhou, Rui-Xin,Sun, Chang-Kai,Jin, Ying-Hua,Yu, Hong-Shan,Zhang, Tian-Yang,Xu, Long-Quan,Jin, Feng-Xie The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.3

Background: Minor ginsenosides, those having low content in ginseng, have higher pharmacological activities. To obtain minor ginsenosides, the biotransformation of American ginseng protopanaxadiol (PPD)-ginsenoside was studied using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848. Methods: DEAE (diethylaminoethyl)-cellulose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used in enzyme purification, thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in enzyme hydrolysis and kinetics; crude enzyme was used in minor ginsenoside preparation from PPD-ginsenoside; the products were separated with silica-gel-column, and recognized by HPLC and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). Results: The enzyme molecular weight was 75 kDa; the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed the C-20 position 20-O-${\beta}$-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb1, then the C-3 position 3-O-${\beta}$-D-Glc with the pathway $Rb1{\rightarrow}Rd{\rightarrow}F2{\rightarrow}C-K$. However, the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed C-3 position 3-O-${\beta}$-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb2 and Rc, finally hydrolyzed 20-O-L-Ara with the pathway $Rb2{\rightarrow}C-O{\rightarrow}C-Y{\rightarrow}C-K$, and $Rc{\rightarrow}C-Mc1{\rightarrow}C-Mc{\rightarrow}C-K$. According to enzyme kinetics, $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ of Michaelis-Menten equation, the enzyme reaction velocities on ginsenosides were Rb1 > Rb2 > Rc > Rd. However, the pure enzyme yield was only 3.1%, so crude enzyme was used for minor ginsenoside preparation. When the crude enzyme was reacted in 3% American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside (containing Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd) at $45^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0 for 18 h, the main products were minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K; average molar yields were 43.7% for C-Mc from Rc, 42.4% for C-Y from Rb2, and 69.5% for F2 and C-K from Rb1 and Rd. Conclusion: Four monomer minor ginsenosides were successfully produced (at low-cost) from the PPD-ginsenosides using crude enzyme.

A Whole-Tumor Histogram Analysis of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps for Differentiating Thymic Carcinoma from Lymphoma

Wei Zhang,Yue Zhou,Xiao-Quan Xu,Ling-Yan Kong,Hai Xu,Tong-Fu Yu,Hai-Bin Shi,Qing Feng 대한영상의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.19 No.2

Objective: To assess the performance of a whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in differentiating thymic carcinoma from lymphoma, and compare it with that of a commonly used hot-spot region-of-interest (ROI)-based ADC measurement. Materials and Methods: Diffusion weighted imaging data of 15 patients with thymic carcinoma and 13 patients with lymphoma were retrospectively collected and processed with a mono-exponential model. ADC measurements were performed by using a histogram-based and hot-spot-ROI-based approach. In the histogram-based approach, the following parameters were generated: mean ADC (ADCmean), median ADC (ADCmedian), 10th and 90th percentile of ADC (ADC10 and ADC90), kurtosis, and skewness. The difference in ADCs between thymic carcinoma and lymphoma was compared using a t test. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were conducted to determine and compare the differentiating performance of ADCs. Results: Lymphoma demonstrated significantly lower ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC10, ADC90, and hot-spot-ROI-based mean ADC than those found in thymic carcinoma (all p values < 0.05). There were no differences found in the kurtosis (p = 0.412) and skewness (p = 0.273). The ADC10 demonstrated optimal differentiating performance (cut-off value, 0.403 x 10-3 mm2/s; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.977; sensitivity, 92.3%; specificity, 93.3%), followed by the ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC90, and hot-spot-ROI-based mean ADC. The AUC of ADC10 was significantly higher than that of the hot spot ROI based ADC (0.977 vs. 0.797, p = 0.036). Conclusion: Compared with the commonly used hot spot ROI based ADC measurement, a histogram analysis of ADC maps can improve the differentiating performance between thymic carcinoma and lymphoma.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Fascioliasis in Yaks, Bos grunniens, from Three Counties of Gansu Province, China

Xiao-Xuan Zhang,Sheng-Yong Feng,Jian-Gang Ma,Wen-Bin Zheng,Ming-Yang Yin,Si-Yuan Qin,Dong-Hui Zhou,Quan Zhao,Xing-Quan Zhu 대한기생충학열대의학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.55 No.1

Preparation of minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K from American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848

Chun-Ying Liu,Rui-Xin Zhou,Chang-Kai Sun,Ying-Hua Jin,Hong-Shan Yu,Tian-Yang Zhang,Long-Quan Xu,Feng-Xie Jin 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.3

Background: Minor ginsenosides, those having low content in ginseng, have higher pharmacological activities. To obtain minor ginsenosides, the biotransformation of American ginseng protopanaxadiol (PPD)-ginsenoside was studied using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspergillus niger g.848. Methods: DEAE (diethylaminoethyl)-cellulose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used in enzyme purification, thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used in enzyme hydrolysis and kinetics; crude enzyme was used in minor ginsenoside preparation from PPD-ginsenoside; the products were separated with silica-gel-column, and recognized by HPLC and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). Results: The enzyme molecular weight was 75 kDa; the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed the C-20 position 20- O-b-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb1, then the C-3 position 3-O-b-D-Glc with the pathway Rb1/Rd/F2/C-K. However, the enzyme firstly hydrolyzed C-3 position 3-O-b-D-Glc of ginsenoside Rb2 and Rc, finally hydrolyzed 20-O-L-Ara with the pathway Rb2/C-O/C-Y/C-K, and Rc/C-Mc1/C-Mc/C-K. According to enzyme kinetics, Km and Vmax of MichaeliseMenten equation, the enzyme reaction velocities on ginsenosides were Rb1 > Rb2 > Rc > Rd. However, the pure enzyme yield was only 3.1%, so crude enzyme was used for minor ginsenoside preparation. When the crude enzyme was reacted in 3% American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside (containing Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd) at 45C and pH 5.0 for 18 h, the main products were minor ginsenosides C-Mc, C-Y, F2, and C-K; average molar yields were 43.7% for CMc from Rc, 42.4% for C-Y from Rb2, and 69.5% for F2 and C-K from Rb1 and Rd. Conclusion: Four monomer minor ginsenosides were successfully produced (at low-cost) from the PPDginsenosides using crude enzyme.