새로운 Doppler Time Index를 이용한 좌심실 이완기능의 평가

김흥업,이상수,천일석,이상갑,이유판,이종덕,황진용,최동주,서봉관 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.6

고혈압에서 승모판 도플러 심초음파도의 분석

이순규,이병기,하승우,채성철,김보완,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1995 慶北醫大誌 Vol.36 No.2

목적 : 경증 내지 중등도 고혈압에서 Doppler로 기록한 승모판 혈류속도곡선을 이용하여 확장기좌심실충만 장애를 관찰하고 아울러 좌심실비대 및 연령이 이 곡선에서 측정된 지표에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 기왕에 치료를 받지 않았으며 다른 동반된 심질환이 없는 경증 내지 중등도 고혈압환자 46례와 연령이 비슷한 건강 대조군 41례에서 M형 심초음파검사와 간헐파 Doppler 검사를 각각 시행하였다. Doppler 승모판 혈류속도곡선에서 확장초기 및 확장말기 최대혈류속도 (E 및 A), A/E비, 확장초기 평균가속도(Acc) 및 몇가지 시간간격을 계측하였다. 결과 : 1) A/E 비는 M형 심초음파도상 좌심실비대 소견이 없는 고혈압환자 군에서도 유의한 증가가 있었으나 E와 Acc 그리고 A는 좌심실비대가 있는 환자군에서만 대조군에 비해 유의한 변화를 보였다. 2) 고혈압환자군에서 A/E 비는 좌심실벽두께와 상관계수는 작지만 (r=0.36) 유의한 관계가 있었다. Doppler 시간간격들은 환자군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 변화는 없었다. 3) 건강 대조군에서 연령은 E, A 및 A/E 비와 유의한 상관관계(r=-0.51, 0.33 및 0.59)가 있었으며 또한 환자군에서도 연령은 A와 A/E비 사이에 유의한 상관이 있었다(r=0.50 및 0.33). 한편 M형 심초음파도에서 구한 좌심실구혈율은 환자군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 이러한 성적으로 보아 경증 내지 중등도 고혈압환자에서 승모판 Doppler 검사는 M형 심초음파도에 좌심실비대나 수축기능장애 소견이 나타나기에 앞서 좌심실확장기충만 변화를 조기 발견하는데 유용하다고 하겠으며 또한 승모판 혈류속도에서 구한 A, E 및 A/E 비는 연령이 증가함에 따라서 고혈압에서의 변화와 같은 방향으로 변화하기 때문에 고혈압환자에서 Doppler로 구한 지표의 해석에는 주의가 필요하다고 하겠다. Objectives : This study was done to determine left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling abnormalities in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension by Doppler-derived mitral flow velocity curve and also to evaluate the effects of LV hypertrophy and age on Doppler parameters. Methods : Forty-six hypertensives (mean diastolic pressures of 100 ㎜Hg) with no antihypertensive drug were undergone M-mode echocardiography and pulsed Doppler examination of the LV inflow and comparative studies were done with age-matched 41 healthy controls. Results : 1) Doppler measurements of peak velocities at early diastole (E) and at atrial contraction (A), A/E ratio, mean acceleration rate at rapid filling (Ace) and time intervals were made. A/E ratio was significantly increased in hypertensives even without M-mode echocardiographic evidence of LV hypertrophy. In contrast, a significant decrease in E and Ace was noticed only in hypertensives with hypertrophy and so was a significant increase in A. In hypertensive group, correlation between A/E ratio and LV wall thickness was significant but with a low r value (0.36). 2) Doppler time intervals were not significantly different between both hypertensive and control groups. Age was correlated well with E, A and A/E ratio in controls (r=-0.51, 0.33 and 0.59, respectively) and also with A and A/E ratio in hypertensives (r=0.50, 0.33, respectively). LV ejection fraction, assessed by M-mode echocardiogram, was not significantly different between both groups. Conclusions : These findings suggest that the mitral valve Doppler examination appears to be useful in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension for the early detection of abnormalities of LV diastolic filling before the appearance of LV hypertrophy of systolic dysfunction on the M-mode echocardiogram. As the mitral flow velocities are influenced by aging, age-matching is necessary when comparing normal and diseased heart with regard to diastolic events by Doppler.

염색체이상 선별검사로서 태아 목덜미투명대 측정과 정맥관 도플러검사의 임상적 효용성

나성훈 ( Na Sung Hun ),구본상 ( Bon Sang Koo ) 대한산부인과학회 2009 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.52 No.1

목적: 염색체이상을 선별하는 검사로서 목덜미투명대 (FNT) 측정과 정맥관 도플러검사 (DV Doppler)의 임상적 효용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 방법: 임신 11+0~13+6주 사이, 950예의 임신에서 FNT 측정과 DV Doppler를 시행하여 FNT가 3 mm 이상인 경우와 DV Doppler에서 혈류가 없거나 역전된 소견을 보인 경우, 염색체검사를 시행하였다. 염색체검사 결과상, 비정상 염색체군과 정상 염색체군에서의 FNT 측정과 DV Doppler가 이상 소견을 보인 숫자를 조사하여 민감도와 특이도를 계산하였다. 결과: 추적관리 되지 않은 38예를 제외한 912예 중에서 11예 (1.2%)에서 비정상 염색체를 보였다. 비정상 염색체군 중 8예에서 FNT 증가를 보여 민감도 72.7% 그리고 5예에서 DV Doppler 이상을 보여 민감도 45.4%를 나타냈다. 정상 염색체군 901예 중에서 33예에서 FNT 증가를 보여 특이도 96.3%, 12예에서 DV Doppler 이상을 보여 특이도 98.7%를 나타냈다. 양성 예측치는 FNT 증가의 경우 19.5%, DV Doppler 이상의 경우 29.4%, 두 검사를 병용한 경우 44.4%로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구에서 FNT와 DV Doppler의 효능을 확인할 수 없었다. FNT 증가와 DV Doppler 이상 소견을 같이 적용했을 때, 전반적인 선별 능력의 개선은 없었다. 하지만, 염색체이상에 대한 특이도와 양성 예측치에서는 개선이 있는 것으로 보였다. Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of the measurement of fetal nuchal translucency (FNT) and ductus venosus Doppler examination (DV Doppler) as a screening tool for chromosomal abnormalities. Methods: FNT measurement and DV Doppler were performed in 950 pregnancies between 11+0~13+6 weeks` gestation. Chromosomal analysis was done when FNT was more than 3 mm and DV Doppler showed absent flow or reversed flow. The numbers of cases with increased FNT and abnormal DV Doppler were counted in the groups of abnormal and normal karyotype. Results: Data were available in 912 pregnancies. 11 pregnancies showed abnormal karyotype (1.2%). In the 11 cases with abnormal karyotype, increased FNT was found in 8 cases with 72.7% sensitivity and abnormal DV Doppler was found in 5 cases with 45.4% sensitivity. In the 901 cases with normal karyotype, increased FNT was found in 33 cases with 96.3% specificity and abnormal DV Doppler was found in 12 cases with 98.7% specificity. Positive predictive value was 19.5% in cases of increased FNT, 29.4% in cases of abnormal DV Doppler, and 44.4% in cases of increased FNT and abnormal DV Doppler both. Conclusion: There is no improvement in general screening for chromosomal abnormalities when FNT measurement and DV Doppler were performed together. But better specificity and positive predictive value for chromosomal abnormalities were found.

연속파형 Doppler 법에 의한 폐동맥압의 비관혈적 계측

차광수(Kwang Soo Cha),전국진(Kook Jin Chun),신지애(Ji Ae Shin),이동일(Dong Il Lee),이정유(Jung Yoo Lee),이종수(Jong Soo Lee),신영우(Yung Woo Shin),신영기(Yeong Kee Shin),양만석(Man Seok Yang),권형각(Hyong Gak Kwon) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.5

N/A In order to assess the possibility of noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery pressure by Doppler echocardiography, pulmonary artery pressures estimated by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography were compared with those measured by cardiac cath-eterization in 10 patients with tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation. Doppler-determined pressure gradients were estimated from the tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity(V) by means of the simplified Bernoulli equation(ΔP =4v²). The results were as follows: Pressure gradients (PGs) between right ventricle and right atrium at systole measured by Doppler method and catheterization were 58.05±11.67, 59.12±13.78 mmHg, respectively, and correlated well with each other (r=0.95, p<0.01). As for pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), PGs added by assumed (5 mmHg) right atrial pressure (RAP) and by actual RAP, and catheter-measured PASP were 63.05±11.67, 63.93±11.59, 66.30±12.26mmHg, respectively, and PGs added by assumed RAP and by actual RAP correlated well with catheter-measured PASP, respectively (r=0.97, p<0.01; r=0.98, p<0.01). The PGs between pulmonary artery and right ventricle at end-diastole measured by Doppler method and catheterization were 20.48±4.35, 20.90±4.87, respectively, and correlated well with each other (r=0.97, p<0.01). As for pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure (PADP), the PGs added by assumed (5 mmHg) right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) and by actual RVEDP, and catheter-measured PADP were 25. 48±4.35, 26.38±4.04, 26.80±4.40mmHg, respectively, and PGs added by assumed RVEDP and by actual RVEDP correlated well with catheter-measured PADP, respectively (r=0.96, p<0.01; r=0.96, p<0.01). Doppler-determined PG between the pulmonary artery and right ventricle at early diastole and catheter-measured mean pulmonary arterial pressure were 37.30±6.31, 40.30±5.53mmHg, and correlated well with each other (r=0.81, p<0.01). In conclusion, pulmonary arterial systolic, diastolic pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure could be well predicted noninvasively by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography in patients with tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation,

당뇨병성 족혈관 질환의 도플러 초음파 : 족혈관의 정량적 혈류량 분석 Quantitative Analysis of Blood Flow Volume

서영란,김호철,최철순,윤대영,한대희,문증희,배상훈 대한초음파의학회 2002 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.21 No.3

컬러 도플러 초음파에서 Twinkling artifacts의 유용성

심현선(Hyun-Sun Sim),권경태(Kyung-Tae Kwon) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.10

연구의 목적은 컬러 도플러 초음파를 이용하여 twinkling artifact(AT)의 발생 강도를 비교함으로서 요로결석 진단에 twinkling artifact의 유용성을 알아보고자 In vitro와 In vivo로 진행되었다. In vitro 실험은 수조에 도토리묵을 넣고 도토리묵의 표면에 물질을 올려놓고 컬러 도플러 초음파를 시행하여 twinkling artifact의 발생 정도를 실험하였다. In vivo 실험은 요로결석 환자 31명(신장결석 ; 16명, 요관결석: 15명)을 대상으로 하였다. In vitro 및 In vivo 검사에서 twinkling artifact 발생 강도는 0에서 3등급으로 분류하였다. In vitro 검사에서 표면이 거친 소금, 나사, 큐빅 물질에서 높은 등급의 twinkling artifact가 발생하였다. 회색도(B-mode) 영상에서 요로결석 검출률은 신장에서 37%, 요관에서 60%로 나타났다. 모든 요로결석 환자에서 twinkling artifact 발생하였다. 컬러 도플러 초음파에서 twinkling artifact 발생 정도는 물질의 표면의 거칠기와 관계가 있었다. 회색도 영상에서 요로결석이 분명하게 검출이 되지 않고 twinkling artifact가 발생한다면 요로결석 확진할 수 있다. The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the color Doppler twinkling artifact in disease of urinary system. The intensity of twinkling artifact(TA) with color Doppler was classified into 3 levels, 0(non-TA) to 3(distinct TA). In the in vitro study, acorn jelly with various materials on top was examined using color Doppler at B-mode sonography in a water bath for TA. 31 patients with diagnosis of urinary calculi(renal stones 16, urinary stones 15) based on B-mode sonography were studied in vivo for TA. The materials with rough surfaces such as salt, screw and cubics at B-mode sonography with color Doppler contributed to causing TA. At B-mode sonography without color Doppler 37% of renal stones and 60% of ureter stones were detected. but at B-mode sonography with color Doppler TA was demonstrated for all cases. Superficial roughness of materials affected occurrence of TA at B-mode sonography with color Doppler. Therefore, TA at B-mode sonography without color Doppler could play a role in confident diagnosis of the disease of urinary system.

A 2×2 MIMO Spatial Multiplexing 5G Signal Reception in a 500 km/h High-Speed Vehicle using an Augmented Channel Matrix Generated by a Delay and Doppler Profiler

Suguru Kuniyoshi,Rie Saotome,Shiho Oshiro,Tomohisa Wada International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.10

This paper proposes a method to extend Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) canceling Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receivers for 5G mobile systems to spatial multiplexing 2×2 MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems to support high-speed ground transportation services by linear motor cars traveling at 500 km/h. In Japan, linear-motor high-speed ground transportation service is scheduled to begin in 2027. To expand the coverage area of base stations, 5G mobile systems in high-speed moving trains will have multiple base station antennas transmitting the same downlink (DL) signal, forming an expanded cell size along the train rails. 5G terminals in a fast-moving train can cause the forward and backward antenna signals to be Doppler-shifted in opposite directions, so the receiver in the train may have trouble estimating the exact channel transfer function (CTF) for demodulation. A receiver in such high-speed train sees the transmission channel which is composed of multiple Doppler-shifted propagation paths. Then, a loss of sub-carrier orthogonality due to Doppler-spread channels causes ICI. The ICI Canceller is realized by the following three steps. First, using the Demodulation Reference Symbol (DMRS) pilot signals, it analyzes three parameters such as attenuation, relative delay, and Doppler-shift of each multi-path component. Secondly, based on the sets of three parameters, Channel Transfer Function (CTF) of sender sub-carrier number n to receiver sub-carrier number l is generated. In case of n≠l, the CTF corresponds to ICI factor. Thirdly, since ICI factor is obtained, by applying ICI reverse operation by Multi-Tap Equalizer, ICI canceling can be realized. ICI canceling performance has been simulated assuming severe channel condition such as 500 km/h, 8 path reverse Doppler Shift for QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and 256QAM modulations. In particular, 2×2MIMO QPSK and 16QAM modulation schemes, BER (Bit Error Rate) improvement was observed when the number of taps in the multi-tap equalizer was set to 31 or more taps, at a moving speed of 500 km/h and in an 8-pass reverse doppler shift environment.

기흉의 초음파 진단에서 칼라 도플러의 이용과 검사 부위에 따른 민감도

박현수,김기운,안정환,차수현,민영기 대한응급의학회 2006 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.17 No.6

Purpose: Thoracic ultrasonography (US) is an emerging tool for diagnosing pneumothorax (PTX), and the possible application of color Doppler to ultrasonography is another new development. The aim of this study is to analyze the possible contribution of color Doppler to thoracic US and to the estimation of pneumothorax volume. Methods: Patients who were admitted to emergency department underwent chest X-ray and thoracic US with color Doppler. They were also evaluated by computed tomography, if needed, US was performed at four chest sites by emergency medicine faculty and resident, and concordance between color Doppler and lung sliding was analyzed. The number of sites with abnormal findings was correlated with the volume of PTX at each sites. Statistical analysis was performed with Pearson correlation. Results: Sixty-three of 151 PTX cases were included in our study. The sensitivity of US was for PTX detection was 92.1% (58 of 63), and the concordance between color Doppler and lung sliding was 99.4%. The number of sites per patient with abnormal findings increased with the average volume of the PTX. The average PTX volume in the 5 cases with normal findings was 7.0%, which is a smallsized PTX. Conclusion: The use of color Doppler is not more accurate than lung sliding, but it may helpful in diagnosing PTX. The volume of a PTX is proportional to a patient’s number of sites with abnormal US findings.

도플러 초음파를 이용한 월경주기별 난소동맥의 혈류속도 파형의 연구

장병우,김향미,손영수,유한기 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1996 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.19 No.3

Objective : To assess intraovarian blood flow Doppler parameter during the natural and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles in early follicular, periovulatory and midluteal phase each other. Design : Serial measurement throught the menstrual phase in natural 9 cases and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles 14 cases. We measure the doppler parameter which were PI, RI, and A/B ratio by transvaginal ultrasound-color flow doppler. Result : No differences were observed between the two groups. During the natural cycle, ovarian blood flow velocity has a pulsatility index(PI) was 0.68, 0.68 and A/B ratio was 3.37, 3.38 respectively, which were not statistically significant. And so, during the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle blood velocity was a PI of 1.43, 1.38, 0.87 in early follicular, periovulatory and midluteal phase, RI was 0.67, 0.66, 0.77 and A/B ratio was 3.29, 2.42, 2.35 respectively, which were not statistically significan, too. Conclusion : Transvaginal ultrasound-color Doppler velocimetry is easy application and comfortable to physician and patient. And the image of pelvic organ and pathophysiologic condition are concerned by sonogram tools especially doppler measurement. We think that the sonographic information are very available to evaluated clinical result and outcome, of ART future.

음낭 도플러초음파검사를 이용한 정계정맥류의 진단

김원식,최도연,한영택 大韓泌尿器科學會 1998 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.39 No.11