China International Development Cooperation Agency: Establishment, Improvement, and Limitations

( Wu Yue ),( Zhang Muhui ) 부경대학교 글로벌지역학연구소 2021 Journal of Global and Area Studies(JGA) Vol.5 No.1

Foreign aid is a salient component of China’s diplomacy. In recent years, China has gradually become a prolific donor and has attracted extensive international attention. In 2018, the Chinese government established the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA) as a specialized agency to manage its outgoing foreign aid, which represents China’s determination to reform its foreign aid system further. This paper analyzes the factors leading to the establishment of CIDCA and presents a comprehensive evaluation of its impacts on China’s foreign aid. It argues that CIDCA is a product of the internal and external pressures faced by the Chinese government. The agency exerts a multifaceted influence on, institutionalizes the characteristics of, and alleviates the problems existing in China’s foreign aid. However, CIDCA is not a panacea for Chinese aid because it has not completely solved existing problems. Thus, CIDCA is an initial step in the right direction. As such, its future influence and effectiveness require further observation.

Optimizing opportunistic preventive maintenance strategy for multi-unit system of CNC lathe

Yue Wu,Zhaojun Yang,Jili Wang,Xiaojuan Chen,Wei Hu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.1

Due to the many components in the multi-unit system (i.e., CNC machine tools), the existing preventive maintenance (PM) strategies conducting independent PM for every component are time-consuming and waste unnecessary maintenance and downtime costs. Hence, this paper introduces the idea of opportunistic maintenance into the PM and proposes an opportunistic imperfect PM approach, which is a more realistic PM policy for a multi-unit system. In this approach, the effect of PM is assumed to be imperfect to correct the failure rate of each unit. According to the corrected failure rate function, the imperfect PM strategy of a single unit is optimized by minimizing the proposed unit maintenance cost rate under the limitation of minimum reliability. Then, these independent imperfect PM strategies for units are rescheduled by the proposed opportunistic PM strategy under the condition of judging the reliability OM threshold of units. We further optimize the opportunistic PM strategy by minimizing the total maintenance cost. Finally, the advantage of our approach is verified by the case study of 18 CNC lathes.

Effect of microstructures on the shrinkage of injection molding product

Yue Wu,Yao Gong,차경제,박장민 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.3

Shrinkage of injection molding product is a well-known phenomenon which is determined by many factors such as material property, processing condition, mold design, and product design. This study aims to investigate the effect of microscopic structures on the shrinkage of macroscopic product. Flat specimens with and without microstructures were injection molded and the distribution of in-plane shrinkage was measured using an optical method. In the case without microstructures, anisotropic shrinkage is observed and the shrinkage magnitude increases with the distance from the gate. By applying the microstructures, the shrinkage could be reduced significantly, and the effect is especially noticeable when lower packing pressure was applied in the injection molding process. The numerical simulation result is also presented which suggests the importance of material data and lateral motion modeling for accurate prediction of the shrinkage.

Altruistic or Self-interested: Modeling Chinese Aid to the Pacific Island Countries

Wu Yue 연세대학교(미래캠퍼스) 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2021 地域發展硏究 Vol.30 No.2

China has become a major donor to the Pacific Island Countries (PICs). However, Chinese aid arouses debate over China’s deep intentions. Realists argue that Chinese aid is self-interested and aims to serve its economic and political purposes. Conversely, followers of the South–South Cooperation believe that Chinese aid is rooted in altruism. Using panel data covering 13 independent PICs from 2006 to 2019, this paper examines whether Chinese aid is self-interested or altruistic. In addition, it aims to identify the determinants of Chinese aid as well as the effect of the inauguration of President Xi and the income levels of the recipients on China’s aid allocation. The paper finds that Chinese aid to the PICs became increasingly altruistic after President Xi assumed office. The altruistic characteristic also displays continuity since the era of former President Hu. Moreover, China tends to favor lower-income island countries but has to consider its capacity. The findings suggest that altruism, which is embedded in China’s aid to the PICs, is consistent with China’s increasing willingness to assume international responsibility. Meanwhile, the limited importance of the PICs also explains the less interest-oriented consideration of China’s aid allocation

An improved resonantly driven piezoelectric gas pump

Yue Wu,Yong Liu,Jian-Fang Liu,Long Wang,Xiaoyang Jiao,Zhigang Yang 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.3

Piezoelectric pumps have the potential to be used in a variety of applications, such as in air circulation and compression. However, piezoelectric membrane pumps do not have enough driving capacity, and the heat induced during the direct contact between the driving part and the gas medium cannot be dissipated smoothly. When the gas is blocked, the piezoelectric vibrator generates heat quickly, which may eventually lead to damage. Resonantly driven piezoelectric stack pumps have high performance but no price advantage. In this situation, a novel, resonantly driven piezoelectric gas pump with annular bimorph as the driver is presented. In the study, the working principle of the novel pump was analyzed, the vibration mechanics model was deter-mined, and the displacement amplified theory was studied. The outcome indicates that the displacement amplification factor is related with the original displacement provided by the piezoelectric bimorph. In addition, the displacement amplification effect is related to the stiffness of the spring lamination, adjustment spring, and piezoelectric vibrator, as well as to the systematic damping factor and the driving frequency. The experimental prototypes of the proposed pump were designed, and the displacement amplification effect and gas output performance were measured. At 70 V of sinusoidal AC driving voltage, the improved pump amplified the piezoelectric vibrator displacement by 4.2 times, the maximum gas output flow rate reached 1685 ml/min, and the temperature of the bimorph remained normal after 2000 hours of operation when the gas medium was blocked.

More precise determination of V_cb & V_ub and direct CP violation in charmless B decays

Yue-liang Wu,Yu-Feng Zhou,YWhen-Yu Wang 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.2

More precise extractions on the two important CKM matrix elements jVcbj and jVubj are presented up to 1=m2 Q corrections, based on the complete heavy-quark eective eld theory (HQEFT) of QCD. The HQEFT as a large component QCD provides us with a complete theoretical framework for correctly and systematically evaluating the subleading and higher-order contributions in 1=mQ expansion of heavy quarks. A global analysis on charmless B decays is made, based on the isospin and SU(3) avor symmetry. An isospin relation is found to be very useful for studying SU(3) symmetry-breaking eects of strong phases and exploring new types of electroweak penguin eects. The direct CP violation in charmless B decays is predicted, and its precise measurement is helpful either for testing SU(3) symmetry breaking eects of strong phases or for probing new physics beyond standard model.

China’s Cautious Approach to the Venezuelan Crisis: Strategic Overdraft and Nonintervention Principle

YUE;WU 경희대학교(국제캠퍼스) 국제지역연구원 2021 아태연구 Vol.28 No.4

The current China–Venezuela relationship adheres to the South-South cooperation (SSC) model wherein the two countries have established an integrated cooperative approach with “loan-for-oil” deals at its core; however, in contrast with its recent softening stance on interventions, China has taken a cautious approach to the crisis in Venezuela since 2014. Nevertheless, not many studies highlight the reasons for China’s cautiousness. This paper tries to mitigate the gap by examining China’s strategic overdraft as exposed by this response and exploring the challenges in SSC model. It is herein argued that dual overdrafts of material power and credibility constitute the reason for China’s nonintervention in Venezuela. Meanwhile, as the country hoped to continue its presence in Venezuela and is concerned over the overdraft credibility risk by withdrawing, it chose adopt hedging as a form of flexible involvement. To avoid a similar situation in the future, China should neither rely on economic complementarity nor rigidly stick to nonintervention. With national economic and political interests and cooperative sustainability as a guide, China should clarify and redefine its nonintervention principle and adopt preventive measures for risk assessment and cooperation practices to innovate a more sustainable SSC model.

A sum of an alternating series involving central binomial numbers and its three proofs

Yue-Wu Li,Feng Qi 한국수학교육학회 2022 純粹 및 應用數學 Vol.29 No.1

In the note, by virtue of Abel's theorem and Abel's limit theorem in the theory of power series, the author provides three proofs for a sum of an alternating series involving central binomial numbers.

Gender Trend in China’s Diplomacy and Foreign Aid: A Moral Realist Perspective

YUE;WU 계명대학교 국제학연구소 2023 국제학논총 Vol.37 No.-

China has engaged in gender issues globally, which demonstrates a gender trend in its diplomacy and foreign aid. However, little existing research has paid attention to this issue or analyzed China’s motivations. Therefore, this paper aims to examine gender trends and explore their characteristics. It also attempts to analyze China’s motivations for global engagement in gender issues and figure out the domestic challenges with the international relations theory of moral realism. It finds that China’s global engagement in gender issues is reflected in its international commitments based on international treaties, support for sustainable development goals, multilateral diplomacy, and foreign aid. However, China shows a contradictory stance on gender issues due to its small aid budget, immature institutionalization, and lack of policy planning. This paper argues that gender issues are the entry point for China to build its humane authority leadership, which is consistent with China’s diplomatic shift to major-country diplomacy of assuming more international responsibilities and engaging in global governance. Nevertheless, gender inequality, negative domestic attitudes toward feminism, and the non-intervention principle constitute internal hurdles to China’s international leadership through leading by example. Hence, it is recommended that China conduct further domestic and international reforms on gender issues to enhance its international leadership.

中国学界关于国际发展合作研究的文献计量分析:现状与反思

YUE WU 국민대학교 중국인문사회연구소 2022 중국지식네트워크 Vol.20 No.-

中国愈发重视国际发展合作,提升了其在中国外交中的地位。作为中国外交与对外政策的智力支持,中国学术界关于国际发展合作的研究却较为广泛。目前,既有文献缺少对中国学界关于国际发展合作研究的文献计量统计分析,造成缺乏对中国学界在该领域研究现状的系统性梳理。为此,本文从中国社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)中下载相关文献,利用Citespace软件进行文献计量统计分析,以挖掘中国学界关于国际发展合作研究的特征、演变、热点与前沿,进而解释造成目前研究现状的原因并提出反思与建议。本文认为,中国学界对国际发展合作的研究虽然取得了一定成果,但仍然在概念辨析、科研合作、学科建设、学术期刊建设以及研究议题与议程设置这些方面存在短板,有可以提升的空间。多重因素造成目前的研究短板。这需要中国学界针对上述问题做出回应与努力。