정석탈인공정에서 폐굴껍질의 정석재 특성에 관한 기초연구

김은호,손희정,박진식,성낙창,장성호 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.1

In this study, waste oyster shells which can be easily obtained from the ocean, were used as a Seed Crystal, and effects of several physical/chemical factors on the phosphorous removal efficiencies were examined by batch tests. Ca^(2+) and pH affected phosphorous crystallization process using waste oyster shells were enough to leach phosphorous removal. As alkalinity of wastewater increased, phosphorous removal efficiencies gradually decreased. Also, because specific area and contact efficiency per unit area were increased in case of the small particle size of waste oyster shells, phosphorous removal efficiencies increased.

소아 동종 조혈모세포이식 200예의 분석 : Single Center Study

김학기,조빈,정낙균,정대철,장필상,김선영,김춘추 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.1

연구배경: 1983년 11월부터 2000년 9월까지 시행한 동종 조혈모세포이식의 성적을 분석하여 소아 골수이식의 발전 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 방법: 1983년 11월부터 2000년 9월까지 가톨릭의대 조혈모세포이식센터, 성모병원 소아과에서 동종 조혈모세포이식을 시행한 200예를 대상으로 조혈모세포이식의 유형 및 대상질환, 이식 당시의 상태 및 전처치에 따른 치료 성적을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 200예 중 HLA-일치 형제간 골수이식이 146예(73%), HLA-일치 형제간 골수이식 이외의 이식이 54예(27%)였다. 1) HLA-일치 형제간 골수이식: 146예 중 남아와 여아가 각각 78명과 68명이었으며 SAA 50예의 5년 무병 생존율은 95.8±2.9%였고 AML 45예의 5년 무병 생존율은 71.7±7.0%로 일차 및 이차 관해기에 이식 받은 40예와 5예의 5년 무병 생존율은 각각 73.6±7.2%와 60.0±21.9%였다. AML에서 전처치로 Bu/Cy를 사용한 28예와 TBI/Cy를 사용하였던 9예의 5년 무병 생존율은 각각 81.9±7.4%와 33.3±15.7%였으며 Bu/Cu/TBI를 시행한 8예의 무병 생존율은 80.0±17.9%였다. ALL 33예의 5년 이상 무병 생존율은 75.5±7.5%였고 일차 및 이차 관해기에 이식을 시행하였던 18예와 14예의 무병 생존율은 각각 83.0±9.0%와 71.4±12.1%였다. CML 및 MDS 11예의 5년 무병 생존율은 72.7±13.4%였다. 기타 질환으로는 Fanconi 빈혈 2예, 혈구탐식성 조직구증식증 2예, 순적혈구 빈혈 2예, Kostmann 증후군이 1예로 이들의 전체 무병 생존율은 85.7±13.2%였다. 2) HLA-일치 형제간 골수이식 이외의 이식을 시행하였던 54예의 3년 이상 무병 생존율은 45.3±11.6%였으며 HLA-일치 UBMT 26예, CBSCT 15예, 형제 이외의 혈연에 의한 골수이식이 13예로 이들의 무병 생존율은 각각 56.2±10.8%, 58.2±13.1%, 35.9±17.3%였다. 결론: 소아 난치성 혈액질환의 완치요법으로 동종 골수이식의 치료효과를 확인할 수 있었으며, 동종 조혈모세포의 공여원으로 비혈연간 골수나 제대혈의 이용이 점차 증가하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. Background: Bone marrow transplantation was first introduced to Korean children in 1983. Since then the number of children receiving transplants has increased steadily. Methods: We analyzed two hundred pediatric cases of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between Nov. 1983 and Sep. 2000 in Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center of Korea. Results: HLA-matched sibling transplantations were performed in 146 cases (78 males, 68 females, median age; 10 years) with median follow-up of 47 months. The 3-year estimated event-free survival (EFS) of ALL and AML was 76% and 72% respectively. The 5-year estimated EFS of severe aplastic anemia and CML/MDS was 96% and 73% respectively. The 2-year estimated EFS of nonmalignant rare disease was 86%. Twenty-six children underwent unrelated bone marrow transplantation (UBMT), 15 cord blood stem cell transplanta-tion (CBSCT) and 13 familial haploidentical transplantation (FHT). There were 35 males and 19 females with a median age of 6.5 years and median follow-up of 18.5 months. The estimated 2-year EFS of UBMT, CBSCT and FHT were 56%, 58% and 34% respectively. Conclusion: HLA-matched sibling allogeneic BMT showed better survival in children with hematopoietic stem cell disorder compared to UBMT and CBSCT. Recently, transplants using alternative stem cell source are increasing due to lack of suitable matched sibling donor and continuous efforts for reducing transplant-related complications are warranted for improving survival.

CCD카메라를 이용한 3차원 데이터의 획득 및 가공

김영동,고낙용,김아현,강원찬,정헌 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2003 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.25 No.1

Accurate acquisition of surface geometries such as machined surfaces, biological surfaces, and deformed parts have been very important technique in scientific study an engineering, expecially for system design, manufacturing and inspection. Two camera method keeps accuracy more than double than mechanical method. In this paper, we describe the processes surface data of teeth for automatic processing, transformation that changes to coping data of possible numeric data form, and processed inlay teeth. As the result of the inlay manufacture, which can process with high resolution, therefore we construct the automatic processing system that depends on manual.

맥반석의 용출시험 및 중금속 흡착특성

김종부,신명국,성낙환,최문정,김경주,이동석 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.A

This experiment was done to investigate the leaching and adsorption properties of heavy metals on porphyry. The comparison with respect to the leachability of heavy metals from porphyry between the Korea Standard Leaching Test (KSLT) and the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) was carried out. The fractional composition of leachate and the total concentration of heavy metal of porphyry were studied through Sequential Extraction Procedure (SEP) and EPA Method 3050. Adsorption experiment of porphyry has pointed out that the optimum dosage of porphyry for 50ppm Pb was over 10g/L, the effective particle size for absorption was below 200 mesh and the optimum pH was about 7. From the Freundlich' adsorption equation, l/n was 1.0722, and k was 0.0041. After adsorption, the fractional composition of Pb was changed. The exchangeable, carbonate, reducible fractions were increased, and the organic fraction was not changed, and the residual fraction was decreased.

초음파 주파수와 음향밀도에 따른 하수슬러지 전처리 특성

김대용,정연화,김한석,정진희,성낙창 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 2008 硏究論文集 Vol.31 No.2

The objective of this study was to investigated the pretreatment characteristics of sewage sludge by ultrasonic process. Excess sewage sludge was sampled from N sewage treatment plant (STP) in B city. The ultrasonic processor was designed to operate with 28 kHz and 40 kHz,independently. During sonication experiment, sludge samples were stirred by agitator. The acoustic densities were changed 33 to 139 W/L by control of current strength. The sonication time was in the range of 10 min and 40 min. The total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sludge were analyzed with K2Cr207 Closed Reflux Method. The results showed that sonication with 28 kHz of acoustic frequency is better than sonication of 40 kHz in incensement of SCOD/TCOD ratio. Also, the sludge solubilization rates increased as the sonication time and acoustic density increased. The application of dual frequency sonication for sludge pretreatment can be interest for sewage treatment plants having problems in sludge treatment and disposal.

Virtual FRF를 이용한 채터강성 해석에 관한 연구

김성운,정낙신,이강재,양민양 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

The prediction of chatter stable region is a significant requirement for the manufacturing industry. Usually, the chatter stability lobes are obtained by measuring the frequency response function(FRF) of a machining center using impulse test or exciter test. However, these tests are not only spent much time, but also performed after machining center is manufactured. This paper presents virtual FRF using by F.E.M for the prediction of chatter stable region. The proposed method enables a designer to estimate the chatter resistance of machine tools at the early stage of design.

Bacillus subtilis JK-56이 생산하는 chitinase isozyme의 정제와 특성 규명

김낙원,정영기,전홍기 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2002 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.18 No.-

토양으로부터 chitinase를 생성하는 균주를 분리하여 동정한 결과 Bacillus subtilis로 판명되었으며, 분리한 균주를 Bacillus subtilis JK-56이라 명명하였다. B. subtilis JK-56의 chitinase 생산 최적 조건을 검토한 결과 1% chitin, 0.5% polypeptone, 0.1% KCl, 0.05% MnSO_4 · 4H_2O이며 초발 pH 7.0, 배양온도 37℃에서 가장 많은 효소를 생산하였다. 본 균주가 생산하는 chitinase를 정제하기 위해서 native-PAGE를 이용해 효소활성 band를 확인한 결과, 1개의 강한 활성 band와 2개의 약한 활성 band를 가지는 isozyme중 1개의 강한 활성 band를 정제하였고 정제된 효소를 Chi-56A라고 명명하였다. Chi-56A의 효소 특성에 관해서 실험한 결과 분자량은 약 53kDa, pl는 4.3으로 확인되었다. 본 효소는 65℃까지 상당히 안정하였으며 효소의 최대활성 온도도 65℃로 확인되는 등 열에 대해 상당히 안정한 효소로 확인되었다. Collidal chitin에 대한 정제효소 Chi-56A의 K_m값은 17.33g/L였다. 그리고 pH 6.0에서 최대의 활성을 나타내었고, 산성범위보다 알칼리범위에서 안정한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Mn^2+ 존재 하에서 높은 활성을 나타내었고 Co^2+와 Mg^2+ 존재 하에서도 활성이 약간 증가한 반면에 Hg^2+ 존재 하에서는 상당한 저해를 받았다. Chito 올리고당에 대한 분해 산물을 HPLC로 확인해 본 결과 짝수개의 올리고당의 분해산물은 (GlcNAc)_2만을 생산하였고 홀수개의 올리고당에 대해서는 GlcNAc와 (GlcNAc)_2를 생산하는 것으로 비환원성 말단으로부터 이당체인 diacetyl chitobiose ((GlcNAc)_2)를 생산하는 exo형 chitinase로 추정된다. Chitin, a β-1,4 polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is one of the most abundant organic compounds in nature. Chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) is an enzyme that degrades chitin to chito-oligosaccharides, diacetyl chitobiose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. An extracellular chitinase-producing bacterial strain was isolated from soil and named to as Bacillus subtilis JK-56. Optimum culture condition of B. subtilis JK-56 for the production of chitinase was 1% chitin, 0.5% polypepton, 0.1% KCl, 0.05% MnSO_4 · 4H_2O, 37℃, initial pH 7.0 and 40 hour culture time. When B. subtilis JK-56 was grown in the optimum medium, one major active band and two minor active bands were detected by native-PAGE and active staining of the gel. Among them, the major band was purified from the culture supernatant by 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and native-PAGE with BIO-RAD Model 491 Prep-Cell and named as Chi-56A. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 53kDa monomer and the isoelectric point (pl) was pH 4.3. The pH and temperature for the optimum activity of Chi-56A were pH 6.0 and 65℃, respectively. Chi-56A was stable up to 65℃ and in alkaline region. Its K_m value for colloidal chitin was 17.33g/L. HPLC analysis of the reaction products confirmed that Chi-56A was an exo type chitinase.

자살 시도의 심각도와 혈청 지질농도의 관련성

이헌정,최낙경,김린,이민수,김용구 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 낮은 혈청 콜레스트롤 농도와 자살과 같은 폭력적 행동에 관한 관련성에 관한 논란이 있어왔다. 본 연구는 자살 시도 후 응급실로 내원한 환자에서 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도만이 아닌 전반적인 혈청 지질 농도의 저하 여부를 조사하였으며, 자살 시도 상황을 평가하는 객관적 척도를 통하여 자살 시도 상황에서 자살 시도의 심각도와 혈청 지질 농도의 관계에 대하여 연구하였다. 방 법 : 1998년 7월부터 1999년 6월 사이에 자살 시도후 고려대학교 의료원 응급실로 내원한 50명의 자살 시도자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 이들은 정신과 의사의 면담을 통하여 정신과적 진단을 받았으며 동시에 위험-구조척도(RRR). HDRS, BPRS 등이 평가되었다. 또한 동 기간에 본원 정신과에서 입원 치료를 받은 자살 시도가 없었던 환자중, 대상군과 나이, 성별, 진단을 맞추어서 50명의 환자를 선정하여 정신과 환자 대조군으로 하였다. 자살 시도군과 대조군의 혈청 지질농도가 t-test를 통하여 비교되었으며, RRR점수와 혈청 지질 농도, HDRS,BPRS와의 사이의 연관성 Spearman순위 상관계수로 분석되었다. 결 과 : 자살 시도자중 주요우울증이 29명, 정신분열병이 2명, 인격장애가 19명이었으며, 자살 시도군의 혈청 총 콜레스트롤 농도(t=---3.29, p=.001). 총 지질 농도(t=-2.62, p=.01), LDL농도(t=-2.64, p=.011)가 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 진단별로는 주요우울증에서는 총 콜레스트롤 농도, 총 지질 농도, LDL 농도가 대조군에 비하여 낮았으나, 인격장애에서는 혈청 콜레스트롤 농돤이 대조군보다 낮았다. 자살 시도군에서 RRR 점수는 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도와 부적 상관관계를 보였으나 (γ=.-293,p=.039), BPRS(γ=.544, p<.001)와 HDRS(γ=.488, p=.001)와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 자살 시도군에서 혈청 지질 농도 중 총 콜레스테롤, 총 지질, LDL농도가 유의하게 저하되어있음을 확인하였다. 또한 자살의 심각도를 평가한 RRR 정수가 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도와 유의하게 상관성이 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 낮은 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 심각한 자살 시도와 연관이 있음을 보여주는 것이다. Objectives : Many studies have demonstrated that suicide is related to low serum cholesterol level, whereas conflicting results have also reported. The aims of the present study are to determine whether suicidal attempters have low lipid concentration and to identify the relationship between suicidal attempt severity and serum lipid levels. Methods: Subjects were 50 suicidal attempters who visited the emergency room in Korea University Medical Center between July 1998 and June 1999. All subjects had been interviewed by psychiatrist and evaluated with Risk-rescue rating, HDRS and BPRS. They were diagnosed as major depressive disorder(n=29), personality disorder(n=19), and schizophrenia(n-=2). Serum lipid levels in 50 suicidal attempters were compared with those in 50 nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients corresponding to the age, sex and diagnosis of the suicidal attempters. We also examined the Spearman's rank correlations between serum lipid levels and risk-rescue score. Results : The serum total cholesterol level(t=-3.29, p=.001), total lipid level(t=-2.62, p=.01), and LDL level(t=-2.64, p=.011) in suicidal attempters were significantly lower compared with nonsuicidal controls. In major depressive patients, total cholesterol level, total lipid level, and LDL level in suicidal attempters were significantly lower than those of nonsuicidal controls. In personality disorder patients, however, only serum total cholesterol level was significantly lower. Risk-rescue rating score was negatively correlated with serum total cholesterol level(p=.-293, p=.039), and positively correlated with BPRS(p=.544, p<.001), and HDRS(p=.488, p=.001). Conclusion : The lipid levels in suicidal attempter were significantly lower. Suicidal attempt severity was also significantly correlated with serum total cholesterol level. These findings suggest that low serum cholesterol should be related with severs violent suicidal attempt.

제지슬러지의 토지주입에 관한 연구

성낙창,김정권,손희정,김은호,김형석 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資原硏究所 1996 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.5 No.1

To examine the agricultural availability of paper sludge, this study investigated the degradation rate of sludge, CO₂ generation out of soil treated with sludge and the degration characteristics of sludge in soil 1. Degradation rate of paper in soil at weeks after treatment was 19.0% at natural temperature and 28.0% at incubation temperature(30℃) 2. The changes of T-C, T-N and C/N ratio of paper sludge in soil at 12 weeks after treatment were 15.5%, 0.22% and 71, respectively, at natural temperature, and 14.5%, 0.24% and 60, respectively at incubation temperature. 3. The changes of pH in soil treated with paper were 6.7∼7.4 at natural temperature and 6.1∼8.0 at incubation temperature. 4. CO₂ generations in soil treated with 1.0%, 3.0% and 5.0% of paper sludge at 12weeks after treatment were 247mg/100g, 334mg/100g and 458mg/100g, respectively, at natural temperature and 385mg/100g, 550mg/100g and 618mg/100g, respectively, at incubation temperature(30℃)

돌돔, Oplegnathus fasciatus(Temminck et Schlegel)의 卵發生 및 仔稚魚期의 形態

高正樂,金容億 釜山水産大學校 1992 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.32 No.2

1991年 7月 6日에 제주도 한림 水産振興院 水産種苗 培養場과 1991年 6月 19日 경남 통영군 산양면에서 自然産卵하여 얻은 受精卵의 卵發生過程과 仔稚魚의 成長에 따른 外部形態와 내부골격의 骨化過程을 調査한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 受精卵은 1개의 油球를 가지는 分離浮性卵으로서 卵徑은 0.85±0.03 ㎜(n=20)였으며, 油球徑은 0.20±0.01 ㎜(n=20)이고, 水溫이 22.2℃에서 受精卵은 약 36時間만에 孵化하였다. 孵化直後의 仔魚는 全長이 平均 1.75㎜로 卵黃을 가지고 등쪽 막지느러미에 4∼6개의 黑色素胞가 있으며, 體表에는 黑色素胞와 黃色素胞가 골고루 분포한다. 孵化後 27日째 全長이 平均 10.42㎜에 달하면 기條數가 D.ⅩⅠ∼ⅩⅡ, 18,A. Ⅲ - 11, Ⅴ.4,C.9+9,P.14로 定數에 달하여 稚魚期로 移行하다. 頭蓋骨 및 內臟骨의 骨化는 孵化後 6日째(全長 3.74㎜)부터 처음으로 骨化가 시작되며 孵化後 34日째(全長 14.53㎜) 稚魚期에 달하면 대부분의 골격이 완성된다. 脊椎骨의 椎體는 後期稚魚期때가 되어서야 骨化가 일어나며, 腹椎骨의 중앙부에서 腹部 앞으로, 그리고 尾部로 骨化가 진행되며, 神經棘이 血管棘보다 먼저 骨化가 일어난다. 일반적으로 어류에 있어서 골격의 발달은 攝餌와 呼吸에 關聯된 部位부터 먼저 骨化가 일어 나는데, 돌돔의 경우에는 攝餌物이 미소하여 呼吸器 보다는 顎骨 부위의 骨化가 늦었다. 後期仔魚期에서 부터 빠른 속도로 骨化가 되어져 孵化後 35日째(全長 15.51㎜)에 달하면 골격이 完成된다. In July 6, 1991, the summary of the result of investigation of embryonic development, morphology, and ossification of skeleton process according to growth of larvae and juveniles of naturally spawned eggs at Che Ju island and Chung Mu is shown. A mature eggs with oil globule has a diameter of 0.85�0.03 ㎜(n=20), the oil globule diameter of 0.20�0.01 ㎜(n=20). Hatching takes 36hrs at 22.2�. The newly hatched larvae reached 3.75 ㎜ in total length, approximately, and possess yolk sac, about 4�6 melanophore at dorsal memberanous fin and distributed melanophore and xanthophore on body surface. Twenty seven days after hatching, the juveniles measured 10.42 ㎜ in mean total length, and each fin ray was identical with the juveniles, D.ⅩⅠ~ⅩⅡ, 18,A. Ⅲ-11, Ⅴ.4,C.9+9,P.14. Six days after hatching(T.L. 3.74㎜), ossification of cranium and visceral skeleton have occured and reached the juvenile stage, thirty four days after hatching(T.L. 14.53㎜), all bone was ossified. Ossification of vertebrae of centrum have occured in post larva stage. At first, ossification of skeleton occuring at the parts of related respiration, so that ossification of respiratory organ is faster than maxilla because the size of food is very small. From the post larvae skeleton development, after thirty five days of hatching(T.L. 15.51㎜), skeleton formation was completed.