Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism: A Prospective Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Wu Tao,Ren Yan,Wang Wei,Cheng Wei,Zhou Fangli,He Shuai,Liu Xiumin,Li Lei,Tang Lu,Deng Qiao,Zhou Xiaoyue,Chen Yucheng,Sun Jiayu 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.10

Objective: This study used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare the characteristics of left ventricular remodeling in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) with those of patients with essential hypertension (EH) and healthy controls (HCs). Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled 35 patients with PA, in addition to 35 age- and sex-matched patients with EH, and 35 age- and sex-matched HCs, all of whom underwent comprehensive clinical and cardiac MRI examinations. The analysis of variance was used to detect the differences in the characteristics of left ventricular remodeling among the three groups. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationships between left ventricular remodeling and the physiological variables. Results: The left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (EDVi) (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 85.1 ± 13.0 mL/m2 for PA, 75.9 ± 14.3 mL/m2 for EH, and 77.3 ± 12.8 mL/m2 for HC; p = 0.010), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (ESVi) (mean ± SD: 35.2 ± 9.8 mL/m2 for PA, 30.7 ± 8.1 mL/m2 for EH, and 29.5 ± 7.0 mL/m2 for HC; p = 0.013), left ventricular mass index (mean ± SD: 65.8 ± 16.5 g/m2 for PA, 56.9 ± 12.1 g/m2 for EH, and 44.1 ± 8.9 g/m2 for HC; p < 0.001), and native T1 (mean ± SD: 1224 ± 39 ms for PA, 1201 ± 47 ms for EH, and 1200 ± 44 ms for HC; p = 0.041) values were higher in the PA group compared to the EH and HC groups. Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that log (plasma aldosteroneto- renin ratio) was independently correlated with EDVi and ESVi. Plasma aldosterone was independently correlated with native T1. Conclusion: Patients with PA showed a greater degree of ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement, as well as myocardial fibrosis, compared to those with EH. Cardiac MRI T1 mapping can detect left ventricular myocardial fibrosis in patients with PA.

Self-adjusted adsorption strategy for an aircraft skin inspection robot

Jiayue Gu,Congqing Wang,Xuewei Wu 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.6

A self-adjusted adsorption strategy is developed for an aircraft skin inspection robot with double frames to improve adsorption safety and movement stability. The principal aim is to determine the optimal value of adsorption force when the robot slips or overturns on the fuselage. A pneumatic system that consists of suction cup and cylinder control is designed. Static force analysis shows that the adsorption force of the aircraft skin inspection robot is related to the curvature of the fuselage. The relationship between the minimum value of adsorption force and offset angle of the robot barycenter is established with the least-squares support vector regression algorithm. Pulsewidth modulation is then applied to control the pressure difference in the suction cup. Experimental results prove the feasibility of suction cup control with the self-adjusted adsorption strategy.

Thiol-ene Click Chemistry Construct Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabric for High-efficiency Water-in-oil Emulsion Separation

Guihua Meng,Jiayu Yan,Jianning Wu,Weifang Zhang,Yixi Wang,Qian Wang,Zhiyong Liu,Xuhong Guo 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.2

Water pollution severely effects human health and ecosystems. This paper presents a simple method of superhydrophobic cotton fabric fabrication for oil/water separation, We implemented thiol-ene reaction using 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) and n-dodecyl mercaptan (NDM). to synthesize low surface energy hydrophobic modifier. Superhydrophobic cotton fabrics demonstrated excellent superhydrophobicity, which makes them outstanding materials for continuous and simultaneous removal of insoluble and emulsified oils. Chemical composition, morphology, and hydrophobicity of these cotton fabrics were confirmed by FTIR spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and water contact angle measurements, respectively. Fabrics samples maintained their superhydrophobic propertieseven after 20 cycles, separation efficiency was still above 98.5 %. Our superhydrophobic cotton fabric demonstrated a remarkable separation of emulsified oil. We believe that our quick and environmentally friendly method can be used in variety of applications involving water-in-oil emulsion separation and oil purification.

Effects of Influencing Factors on a Lab-Scale Device for Dynamic Scaling Mitigation

Tao Yu,Ying Wang,Jiayu Song,Baichun Wu,Xin Zhang,Chengtun Qu 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.6

To investigate the dynamic scaling properties of produced water from oil and gas fields, in this study, an experimental dynamic scaling mitigation device consisting of a filler cylinder, a sewage circulation device, and a heating device was designed. The effects of important factors, namely, initial concentration of scale-forming ions, contact time, temperature, and flow rate, on the dynamic scaling process were investigated using this device. The results obtained showed that the rate of scale adsorption on cotton fiber decreased gradually as the initial concentration of the scale-forming ions increased, and the scale adsorption rate peaked at 97.5% when the contact time was between 2 and 8 h. It was also observed that the maximum scale adsorption rate and amount corresponded to experimental temperatures of 50 and 40°C, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum scale adsorption rate was 94% at a flow rate of 60 L/h, while the scale adsorption amount peaked at a flow rate of 100 L/h. These results provide important guidelines for the establishment of a rapid measurement method for dynamic scaling in produced water from oil and gas fields and for the evaluation of water quality stability for water flooding extraction.

Facilely tuning the surface wettability of Cu mesh for multi-functional applications

Xingwang Zhao,Fei Mao,Jiayue Wu,Jinglei Lei,Lingjie Li 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.116 No.-

The Cu meshes with reversible super-wettability have multifunctions of self-cleaning, oil–water separation,floating-oil collection and underwater oil lossless-transportation. However, the facile method totune the surface wettability and prepare reversibly super-wetting Cu meshes remains a great challenge. In this work, one-step chemical-etching method was used to construct the hierarchically-structured CuOof nano-sheets and micro-clusters on Cu meshes to provide suitable surface roughness essential forsuper-wettability. The surface wettability of Cu mesh was then facilely tuned by controlling the adsorptionand desorption of C-containing species at the Cu mesh surface through C-rich ambience storage andIR irradiation for short duration. The super-wetting transition of Cu meshes betweensuperhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity and superhydrophilicity/underwater-superoleophobicity couldrepeat for many cycles. Moreover, the super-wetting Cu meshes demonstrated excellent mechanical,physical and chemical stabilities. The switchable super-wettability endowed the Cu meshes with integratedmulti-functions, which demonstrated remarkable performance of self-cleaning, oil–water separation,floating-oil collection and underwater oil lossless-transportation. This study suggests that utilizingC-rich ambience storage and IR irradiation to control the content of C-containing species at the Cu meshsurface is a facile and effective way to tune the surface wettability of Cu meshes, which can be easilyextended to realize super-wettability transition of various materials.

Feasibility of Free-Breathing, Non-ECG-Gated, Black-Blood Cine Magnetic Resonance Images With Multitasking in Measuring Left Ventricular Function Indices

Peng Pengfei,Yue Xun,Tang Lu,Wu Xi,Deng Qiao,Wu Tao,Cai Lei,Liu Qi,Xu Jian,Huang Xiaoqi,Chen Yucheng,Diao Kaiyue,Sun Jiayu 대한영상의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.24 No.12

Objective: To clinically validate the feasibility and accuracy of cine images acquired through the multitasking method, with no electrocardiogram gating and free-breathing, in measuring left ventricular (LV) function indices by comparing them with those acquired through the balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) method, with multiple breath-holds and electrocardiogram gating. Materials and Methods: Forty-three healthy volunteers (female:male, 30:13; mean age, 23.1 ± 2.3 years) and 36 patients requiring an assessment of LV function for various clinical indications (female:male, 22:14; 57.8 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled in this prospective study. Each participant underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the multiple breath-hold bSSFP method and free-breathing multitasking method. LV function parameters were measured for both MRI methods. Image quality was assessed through subjective image quality scores (1 to 5) and calculation of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the myocardium and blood pool. Differences between the two MRI methods were analyzed using the Bland–Altman plot, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, as appropriate. Results: LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly different between the two MRI methods (P = 0.222 in healthy volunteers and P = 0.343 in patients). LV end-diastolic mass was slightly overestimated with multitasking in both healthy volunteers (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 60.5 ± 10.7 g vs. 58.0 ± 10.4 g, respectively; P < 0.001) and patients (69.4 ± 18.1 g vs. 66.8 ± 18.0 g, respectively; P = 0.003). Acceptable and comparable image quality was achieved for both MRI methods (multitasking vs. bSSFP, 4.5 ± 0.7 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6, respectively; P = 0.203). The CNR between the myocardium and blood pool showed no significant differences between the two MRI methods (18.89 ± 6.65 vs. 18.19 ± 5.83, respectively; P = 0.480). Conclusion: Multitasking-derived cine images obtained without electrocardiogram gating and breath-holding achieved similar image quality and accurate quantification of LVEF in healthy volunteers and patients.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals transcriptional and cell subpopulation differences between human and pig immune cells

Li Jie,Xu Yanan,Zhang Jiayu,Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Han,Wei Dong,Wu Changhong,Hai Tang,Sun Hai-Xi,Zhao Yong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.3

Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells. Background The pig is a promising donor candidate for xenotransplantation. Understanding the differences between human and swine immune systems is critical for addressing xenotransplant rejection and hematopoietic reconstitution. The gene transcriptional profile differences between human and pig immune cell subpopulations have not been studied. To assess the similarities and differences between pigs and humans at the levels of gene transcriptional profiles or cell subpopulations are important for better understanding the cross-species similarity of humans and pigs, and it would help establish the fundamental principles necessary to genetically engineer donor pigs and improve xenotransplantation. Objective To assess the gene transcriptional similarities and differences between pigs and humans. Methods Two pigs and two healthy humans’ PBMCs were sorted for 10 × genomics single-cell sequence. We generated integrated human-pig scRNA-seq data from human and pig PBMCs and defined the overall gene expression landscape of pig peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations by updating the set of human-porcine homologous genes. The subsets of immune cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There were significantly less T cells, NK cells and monocytes but more B cells in pig peripheral blood than those in human peripheral blood. High oxidative phosphorylation, HIF-1, glycolysis, and lysosome-related gene expressions in pig CD14+ monocytes were observed, whereas pig CD14+ monocytes exhibited lower levels of cytokine receptors and JAK-STAT-related genes. Pig activated CD4+T cells decreased cell adhesion and inflammation, while enriched for migration and activation processes. Porcine GNLY+CD8+T cells reduced cytotoxicity and increased proliferation compared with human GNLY+CD8+T cells. Pig CD2+CD8+γδT cells were functionally homologous to human CD2+CD4+ γδT cells. Pig CD2−CD8−γδT cells expressed genes with quiescent and precursor characteristics, while CD2−CD8+γδT cells expressed migration and memory-related molecules. Pig CD24+ and CD5+B cells are associated with inflammatory responses. Conclusion Our research with integrated scRNA-seq assays identified the different distribution of pig immune cell subpopulations and the different transcriptional profiles of human and pig immune cells. This study enables a deeper understanding of the development and function of porcine immune cells.

Fuzzy Logic PID Controller with Both Coefficient and Error Modifications for Digitally-Controlled DC–DC Switching Converters

Liu Jianfu,Wei Tingcun,Chen Nan,Wu Jiayu,Xiao Peilei 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4

To improve the transient response performance of digitally-controlled DC–DC switching converters, a fuzzy logic control proportional-integral–differential (FLC–PID) controller with both coefficient and error modifications is presented in this paper. The controller consists of a PID compensator and two fuzzy logic controllers (FLCers): one that adjusts the control coefficients of PID compensator and another that modifies voltage error input to it. These two FLCers have different fuzzy input subsets (FIS), leading to multiple modifications of control coefficients and voltage error for PID compensator. Consequently, the proposed controller results in finer FIS than a conventional FLC–PID controller without significantly increasing the hardware cost. Experimental results demonstrate that it yields a better transient performance in a DC–DC switching converter than does a conventional FLC–PID controller that only modifies the PID control coefficients: the transient performance can be improved by at least 50% and the required hardware resources can be reduced by at least 20%.

Structure and Properties of Konjac Glucomannan/Galactoglucomannan Nanofiber Membrane

Yi Yuan,Xin Hong,Ruojun Mu,Jingni Gong,Lin Wang,Rongxun Huang,Jiayu Wu,Yongsheng Ni,Xianhui Wu,Jie Pang 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.10

Konjac glucomannan (KGM)/galactoglucomannan (GGM) nanofiber membranes were obtained through electrospinning technology. Rheological properties of KGM/GGM solutions were observed by using a rotary rheometer. The apparent morphological, characteristic group and thermal stability of nanofiber membranes were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectoscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) respectively. The physical and mechanical properties were also evaluated. Results revealed that the addition of GGM did not significantly affect the rheological properties of electrospinning solution. Increase in the amount of GGM in the nanofiber membrane resulted in gradual smoothening, uniformity and decrease in the number of nodes. KGM interacts with GGM through hydrogen-bond. Addition of GGM markedly enhanced the thermal stability, physical and mechanical properties of the nanofiber membrane. The study showed that the KGM/GGM nanofiber membrane have good potential for use in developing membrane based materials.

Radio Resource Management of CoMP System in HetNet under Power and Backhaul Constraints

( Jia Yu ),( Shaohua Wu ),( Xiaodong Lin ),( Qinyu Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.11

Recently, Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) with Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) scheme is introduced into Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) systems to improve digital services for User Equipments (UEs), especially for cell-edge UEs. However, Radio Resource Management (RRM), including Resource Block (RB) scheduling and Power Allocation (PA), in this scenario becomes challenging, due to the intercell cooperation. In this paper, we investigate the RRM problem for downlink transmission of HetNet system with Joint Processing (JP) CoMP (both joint transmission and dynamic cell selection schemes), aiming at maximizing weighted sum data rate under the constraints of both transmission power and backhaul capacity. First, joint RB scheduling and PA problem is formulated as a constrained Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) which is NP-hard. To simplify the formulation problem, we decompose it into two problems of RB scheduling and PA. For RB scheduling, we propose an algorithm with less computational complexity to achieve a suboptimal solution. Then, according to the obtained scheduling results, we present an iterative Karush-Kuhn- Tucker (KKT) method to solve the PA problem. Extensive simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms. Two kinds of JP CoMP schemes are compared with a non-CoMP greedy scheme (max capacity scheme). Simulation results prove that the CoMP schemes with the proposed RRM algorithms dramatically enhance data rate of cell-edge UEs, thereby improving UEs` fairness of data rate. Also, it is shown that the proposed PA algorithms can decrease power consumption of transmission antennas without loss of transmission performance.