In-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI admitted during off hours

( Sung-Soo Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Young Keun Ahn ),( Jong Hyun Kim ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( In Whan Seong ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Dong-hoon Choi 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Conflicting results exist on the outcome of off hours PCI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of off hours PCI in STEMI. So, we studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI during regular hours (weekdays 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM) versus off hours Weekdays 6:01 PM to 8:59 AM, weekends, and holidays) in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. We analyzed in hospital and one year mortality among 5,665 consecutive ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI between November 2005 to January 2008. Total 2,848 (50.2%) patients were treated during off hours. Baseline finding were similar, although regular hours patients were older. Median symptom to balloon time (304 min, IQR 175 to 750 vs. 270 min, IQR 145 to 551, p=0.001) were longer for regular hours primary PCI. Median door to balloon time (71min, IQR: 48 to 132 vs. 59 min, IQR 39 to 110 min, p=0.001) were longer for off hours pPCI. Also, Cardiac enzyme such as Max CK-MB (212.1±299.3 vs 194.7±303.4, p=0.031) and max TnI (72.6±239.5 vs. 58.9±94.4, p=0.013) were increased in off hours pPCI. However, unadjusted in hospital (6.0% off hours vs. 6.0% regular hours, p=0.946) and one year cardiac mortality (11.3% off hours vs. 11.7% regular hours, p=0.661) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, off hours primary PCI did not predict an adverse outcome. In conclusion, when primary PCI was performed within an appropriate reperfusion strategy, the clinical effectiveness of either off hours or regular hours pPCI is comparable.

Metallic indium spheres by the anaerobic ethanol oxidation of indium oxide

Choi, Young In,Kim, Seog K.,Lee, Sung Woo,Sohn, Youngku Elsevier 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.687 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Metallic indium (In) spheres were, for the first time, produced by the anaerobic ethanol oxidation of indium oxide. The changes in morphology and crystal structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction crystallography. The surface oxidation of In metal was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This novel method for the production of In metal will increase the potential applications of In to areas, such as semiconductor alloys, organic synthesis, and photovoltaic devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Metallic indium spheres were obtained by anaerobic ethanol oxidation of In oxide. </LI> <LI> Metallic indium was confirmed by XRD. </LI> <LI> Surface oxidation of indium metal was examined by XPS. </LI> <LI> Reduction mechanism was proposed based on H<SUB>2</SUB>, H<SUB>2</SUB>O, CO<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB> mass products. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Metallic indium (In) spheres were, for the first time, produced by the anaerobic ethanol oxidation of indium oxide. This novel method for the production of In metal will increase the potential applications of In to areas, such as semiconductor alloys, organic synthesis, and photovoltaic devices.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Genetic Variations of the Apolipoprotein B Gene in Korean People and Its Association with Hypercholesterolemia

Sung Han Kim,Un Kyung Kim,Jae Jin Chae,Jeong In Baek,Soo Young Choi,Jae Woong Bae,Sang Hyun Kim,Hyo Soo Kim 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.5

Genetic polymorphisms at the apolipoprotein B have been associated with elevated plasma concentrations of LDL, atherosclerosis and increased risk of coronary artery disease. 106 individuals composed of 46 hypercholesterolemic patients and 60 controls were analyzed with Ins/Del length polymorphism, four RFLPs (HincII, PvuII, AluI, EcoRI) and 3`-VNTR to clarify the characteristics of the apolipoprotein B gene and to determine their influence on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic patients and controls in Korea. A total of 212 apolipoprotein B alleles from six markers were identified in this study. Heterozygosityranges from zero to 0.32, and the genotyope frequencies in the case of 3`-VNTR are significantly different between two groups. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium revealed paired nonrandom associations between four pairs of polymorphic sites of the apolipoprotein B gene (p<0.05). Moreover, addition of all 4 polymorphic sites provided the highest PIC value. This study also investigated the association of these polymorphisms with the patients and with variation in lipid levels. A significant association between 3`-VNTR genotypes and Lp(a) was observed in hypercholesterolemic patients (p<0.05). The results suggest that genotypes of six polymorphic markers were not significantly associated with TC, TG or LDL-chol level between the patients and controls in the Koreans.

Enhanced Antitumor Effect of the Combination of Bacille Calmette-Guérin and an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Bladder Cancer-On-a-Chip

Choi Se Young,Kim Mirinae,Kang Su Jeong,Choi Young Wook,맹세정,Kim Sung-Hwan,Chang In Ho 한국바이오칩학회 2023 BioChip Journal Vol.17 No.4

We upgraded preexisting bladder cancer-on-a-chip (BCOC) by adding T cells and evaluated the antitumor eff ect of a combina- tion of intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and pembrolizumab. We fabricated bioprinted BCOC with microfl uids, incorporating HT1376, MRC-5, HUVEC, THP-1 and Jurkat cells. We evaluated the eff ector-to-target cytotoxicity, cytokine, and cell viability in 2D culture, live/dead assay, migration assay, and cytokine assay in BCOC. Additionally, we evaluated the antitumor effi cacy of the combination of BCG and pembrolizumab in an orthotopic mouse model. The combination group showed the most eff ective reduction compared to the control in 2D culture (100.0 ± 0.8% vs. 36.4 ± 0.8%, p < 0.001). In BCOC, cancer cell viabilities were decreased at 3 days in the BCG group (70.1 ± 9.8%, p = 0.013) and combination group (49.3 ± 8.1%, p < 0.001). The combination group showed the highest immune reaction in the cytokine assay (interferon-γ, p = 0.045; interleukin-6, p = 0.037) and migration assay (fold change 1.3 ± 0.1, p < 0.001), whereas in the in vivo model, it showed lower signal intensities from days 10 to 14 compared to that in the control group ( p = 0.031 and p = 0.014, respec- tively). No signifi cant weight changes were observed among the groups. We developed a 3D bioprinted BCOC via use of the monocytic THP-1 cells and Jurkat T cells to assess the effi cacy of immunotherapy. The combination of BCG and pem- brolizumab showed the best antitumor effi cacy in BCOC and animal models.

노인 장기요양 보험 대상자 및 시설, 인력 추계

최인덕 ( In Duck Choi ),이상림 ( Sang Lim Lee ),이정면 ( Jung Myun Lee ) 한국사회보장학회 2010 사회보장연구 Vol.26 No.2

노인 장기요양보험 도입 이후, 수급 대상자는 제도시행 전에 예측했던 것보다 더 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있으며, 앞으로도 이러한 증가추세는 계속될 것으로 전망된다. 노인 장기요양보험 제도의 향후 정책방향을 결정하기 위해서는 장기요양 대상자 및 시설, 인력에 대해 정확한 중장기 추계가 이루어져야 한다. 이 연구는 장기요양 서비스의 수요적 측면에서 대상자의 변화, 공급적 측면에서 시설과 인력의 변화에 대한 중장기 추계를 실시하고, 이를 통해, 장기요양보험제도의 조기정착과 발전방안을 제언하고자 한다. 서비스 대상자 추계는 기본적으로 H-P인구추계 방법을 응용한 방법을 사용하였고, 시설 및 인력에 대한 추계에서는 대상자 추계 결과를 바탕으로 우리나라와 일본의 사례 자료를 적용하여 시나리오 별로 그 변화를 추정하였다. 추계 결과는 시간이 지날수록 이용자 증가율은 점차 낮아질 것으로 나타나며, 2010년 에는 전년도 대비 최대 21.2% 증가한 약 33만 명 정도에 이를 것으로 전망되었다. 시설수의 경우, 시간이 지날수록 요양시설의 증가율은 낮아지고 재가기관의 증가율은 확대될 것으로 추정되었다. 요양시설의 경우, 대상자 대비 종사자 수는 다소 부족하지만 그 부족분은 점차 감소하고 있는 반면, 재가기관의 종사자 수는 그 부족분이 시간의 흐름에 따라 더욱 증가하고 있어 인력은 과소 공급되는 경향을 보일 것으로 전망되었다. The population of long-term care insurance beneficiary has been increased much faster than the expected number, and the rising pattern is predicted to continue for a few years. Precise projection for beneficiaries, and facilities and personnel for long-term care insurance is an essential element for policy decision. The main purposes of this study are to project changes of the beneficiary population, and facilities and personnel, and to provide practical suggestions for early settlement and sustainable development of long-term care insurance. For the purpose, applied HP population projection methods are employed for the beneficiary population projection. And then, based on the projection results and previous experiences in Japan, we estimate changes in facilities and personnel of long-term care insurance in the next five years. The number of beneficiaries in 2010 is expected to reach to about 320,000. But, increase rates of beneficiaries will be declining as time goes on. For the facilities, the increase rate of care facilities is estimated to be in downward trend though the increase rate of in-home services facilities is estimated to keep the upward pattern. For institutional services facilities, the current lack of personnel is anticipated being moderated even though the shortage of personnel in institutional services is estimated to be intensified.

Transfer of ultrathin molybdenum disulfide and transparent nanomesh electrode onto silicon for efficient heterojunction solar cells

Kang, Sung Bun,Kwon, Ki Chang,Choi, Kyoung Soon,Lee, Rochelle,Hong, Kootak,Suh, Jun Min,Im, Min Ji,Sanger, Amit,Choi, In Young,Kim, Soo Young,Shin, Jae Cheol,Jang, Ho Won,Choi, Kyoung Jin Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.50 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are very promising for photovoltaic (PV) applications due to their excellent light absorption properties and appropriate bandgap energy, Although multifunctional applications of TMDCs in photovoltaic devices have been achieved, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency under 1 sun is still very low with small active area because of their inexpedient high sheet resistance and limitation of synthesis techniques. In this study, we demonstrate uniform synthesis of 4-in. wafer-scale MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films by thermal decomposition of solution precursors. The solar cells are fabricated by transferring n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films on p-Si substrates to form p-n heterojunctions and then transferring Au nanomeshes prepared in a novel surface treatment as transparent top electrodes onto MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. The circular n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>/p-Si heterojunction solar cell exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 5.96% at a diameter of 0.3 in. and proved to be easily scalable to 1-in. diameter with 5.18% efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, the solar cells of this study are the most efficient and the largest in all types of solar cells based on TMDC reported so far. Finally, based on finite difference time-domain simulation, we proposed a strategy for implementing n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB>/p-Si heterojunction solar cell with efficiency higher than 15% by introducing optimal doping control of n-MoS<SUB>2</SUB> and efficient anti-reflection layers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The large scale, uniform (4-in.) MoS<SUB>2</SUB> thin films are synthesized. </LI> <LI> High transparent, low sheet resistances electrodes are fabricated in a novel way. </LI> <LI> The efficient MoS<SUB>2</SUB> based solar cells are developed by all transfer process including top electrodes. </LI> <LI> The highest, largest MoS<SUB>2</SUB> p-Si/ heterojunction solar cells are demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P> <B>The highest performance (5.96%), largest area (1 in.) n-MoS2/p-Si solar cells with transparent electrodes fabricated by a novel way.</B> The transparent electrodes lowers the series resistance of the fabricated solar cells, facilitating the collection of photo-generated carriers from the junction. In our knowledge, we have achieved the highest photovoltaic performance at largest active area by using transparent nanomesh electrode among TMDC based solar cells.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The Effect of Rosiglitazone on the Cell Proliferation and the Expressions of p27 and Skp2 in<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infected Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

Kim, Sung-Soo,Cho, Young-Seok,Kim, Hyung-Keun,Shin, Ok-Ran,Chae, Hiun-Suk,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Chung, In-Sik The Korean Society of Gastroenterology 2010 대한소화기학회지 Vol.55 No.4

<P>Background/Aims: Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma), a member of the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily, exhibit anti-tumoral effects and are associated with de novo synthesis of proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle and cell survival/death. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an etiologic agent for gastric adenocarcinoma, and raises the cell turnover of gastric epithelium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone on the cell proliferation and the expressions of p27 and Skp2 protein in H. pylori infected gastric epithelial cells. Methods: We examined the expression of PPARgamma by Western blot in H. pylori infected AGS human gastric epithelial cells. The effect of rosiglitazone on the survival of H. pylori infected AGS cells was assessed by cell viability assay. After the treatment of rosiglitazone in H. pylori infected AGS cells, the expressions of p27 and Skp2 were assessed by Western blot. Results: The expression of PPARgamma protein was increased in H. pylori infected AGS cells. Cell growth was inhibited and decreased in dose- and time- dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. A decrease in Skp2 expression and a reciprocal increase in p27 expression were found in dose- and time-dependent manner in H. pylori infected AGS cells treated with rosiglitazone. Conclusions: Rosiglitazone inhibited the growth of H. pylori infected AGS cells. Rosiglitazone attenuated Skp2 expression, thereby promoting p27 accumulation in H. pylori infected human gastric epithelial cells. Further studies will be needed to find the effects of accumulation on cell turnover in H. pylori infection and the role in the H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis.</P>

공군사관생도의 심폐능력에 따른 심리 · 생리요인 비교

김인기(In-ki Kim),김건희(Gun-hee Kim),송성우(Sung-woo Song),최가람(Ga-ram Choi),엄장원(Jang-won Eom),곽재준(Jae-jun Kwak),유영남(Young-nam You),정덕화(Deok-hwa Jeong),강지훈(Ji-hun Kang) 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2019 한국군사학논집 Vol.75 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in psychological and physiological factors between groups by classifying groups based on the 3km running record of fourth grade Air Force Academy cadets. Among the top 46 Air Force Academy cadets who wanted to participate in the study, the study conducted an open survey of the top 13 and the bottom 15 who wanted to provide the data prior to the study. The subjects of the experiment and in-depth interview were studied by a total of 18 people, 9 of each upper and lower members who wished to participate in the study. Psychological factors were structured through inductive content analysis of data extracted from in-depth interviews, and physiological factors were conducted to verify differences between groups of body composition and cardiopulmonary function. The psychological factors of the upper and lower groups were found to be general areas of performance strategy, achievement motivation, emotional response, military spirit, situation perception, and basic physical strength. In the detailed areas, the subjects were also examined in 15 areas including physical fitness indicators, confidence, condition control, task orientation, and positive self-perception. As a result of comparison between upper and lower groups, the upper group was 2.2 times higher than the lower group and the lower group was 1.7 times higher than the upper group in the military spirit and performance strategy of the general area response rate. In general area response, the ratio of mental strength and confidence was different in the general area of military spirit. In addition, the upper group in the achievement motivation showed a high percentage of task tendency at 47%, while the lower group showed a high rate of zero motivation at 50%. In the emotional response, the upper group showed an equal ratio, while the lower group showed an 81% ratio of negative emotions. In the overall response by sub-region, the negative emotions of the subgroup were high at 28%. In the body composition, BFM showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and Weight, FFM, and SMM did not show any significant difference between groups. In cardiopulmonary capacity, VO2max showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and VE and LT did not show significant differences between groups.

Endoscopy and Imaging Modalities/Basic Science of Gastrointestinal Disorders/Miscellaneous : Changing Pattern Of Digestive And Liver Disease In Korea, 1990-2006 Year; A Single Center Study

( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( In Sik Chung ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Kwan Woo Nam ),( Jung Pil Suh ),( Jae Hyuck Chang ),( Won Haing Hur ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: Westernization in many Asian countries have changed lifestyles and diets, so once rare diseases have now become prevalent. The aim of this study is to investigate the changing pattern of digestive and liver disease in Korea, from 1990 to 2006. Methods: We extracted data specific gastrointestina (GI) disease based on the International Classification of Diseases code from the in-patients records at the Kangnam St. Mary`s Hospital in 1990, 1996 and 2006. This hospital is a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, Korea, which has a capacity of 800 beds. Results: The admission rate for GI disease increased between 1990 and 2006. Overall in-patients were 1,623 persons in 1990, 2,368 persons in 1996 and 4,166 persons in 2006. The mean age of in-patients increased as time went by. A stomach cancer was the most common diagnosis during all periods, but its prevalence has decreased. Colon cancer ranked the 7th in 1990, but markedly increased and now ranks the second. The third was a hepatocellular carcinoma. The bile duct and gallbladder cancer, pancreas and esophageal cancer ranking followed with little interval change. In cases of cancer patients, a regular admission dramatically increased for chemotherapy. The number of patients admitted with pre-malignant neoplasm of stomach and colon increased remarkably with the development of endoscopy. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel discase, and reflux esophagitis emerged form mid-1990s with greater frequencies, yet much below the levels found in the West. The admission rate for peptic ulcer, especially ulcer bleeding remained relatively stable, despite a decreased rate for ulcer perforation. Liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, cholelithiasis with cholecystitis-cholangitis, appendicitis, hemorrhoid and gastritis all decreased. Conclusions: The stomach cancer is the leading cause of admission, despite a recent decline. Colon cancer showed a marked rise. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel disease and reflux esophagitis were new diagnosis with an increased tendency.

대인관계 네트워크에서 연결정도와 노인의 신체적 건강 및정신적 건강과의 관련성 연구

채인화(Chae, In-Hwa),최승원(Choi, Sung-Won) 한국노년학회 2017 한국노년학 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 강화도 지역 노인의 신체적, 정신적 건강과 인간관계 크기를 설명해주는 사회연결망 연결 정도가 관련성이 있는지를 분석하여 노년기의 사회적 관계가 지역사회 노인의 건강을 예측할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 연구대상은 강화도 A군에 거주하는 65세 이상 남녀 노인 643명으로, 2011년에서 2012년 까지 실시된 “한국인의 사회적 삶, 건강과 노화에 대한 조사(KSHAP; Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project)” 1년차 자료를 사용하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 통제변인으로 사용한 인구통 계학적 변인 중에서 성별, 소득, 연령은 노인의 신체적 건강과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 남성이 여성보다, 소득이 높을수록, 연령이 낮을수록 신체적 건강이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인구통계학적 변인 중에서 학력, 소득, 연령은 정신적 건강과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 학력이 높을수록, 소득이 높을 수록, 연령이 낮을수록 정신적 건강이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 방향이 포함된 사회연결망에서 외향연 결정도와 내향연결정도 모두 노인의 신체적, 정신적 건강을 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 한 개인의 대인관계가 노인의 건강을 예측하는 데 있어 내가 교류한다고 생각하는 사람의 수(외향연결정도) 뿐만 아니라 나와 교류한다고 생각하는 사람의 수(내향연결정도)도 같이 고려할 필요가 있다는 것을 시사하며, 방향에 따른 연결정도의 두 지표가 신체적, 정신적으로 취약할 수 있는 고립된 개인들을 찾아내는데 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 지역사회 노인에 대한 건강 증진 및 복지 차원에서 의미가 있다. The purpose of this study is to see if we can predict the health of seniors of community by analyzing the connection between social network degree and mental and physical health of old people who live in the areas of Gangwha Island. The subjects of the study were men and women aged 65 or over, a total of 643 that resided in Ganghwa A-county. The survey was conducted on Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project from the year 2011 to 2012. Regression analysis was carried out using the data. The analysis results were as follows. First, it showed the relationships between income, gender, age out of demographic variables used as control variable and old persons’physical health. The research results showed that physical health was better in case of the higher incomes, men, and lower age. Second, out of demographic variables, educational background, income, age was shown to correlate with mental health. The research results showed that mental health was better in case of the higher incomes, higher educational background, and lower age. Third, in social network including direction, both out-degree and in-degree were shown to predict old people’s physical and mental health. The results of this study suggest that not only out-degree but also in-degree should be considered in predicting the health of elderly persons by a person s human relationship. Also, two indicators of degree are meaningful in the dimension of health promotion and welfare of the old in that they can be used for finding isolated individuals that can be physically and mentally vulnerable.