오골계 증탕액 급여가 흰쥐의 혈중 호르몬, Cytokine 및 특이항체에 미치는 영향

채현석,안종남,유영모,함준상,이종문,윤상기,최양일,Chae Hyun-Seok,Ahn Chong-Nam,Yoo Young-Mo,Ham Jun-Sang,Lee Jong-Moon,Yoon Sang-Ki,Choi Yang-Il 한국축산식품학회 2004 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.24 No.3

본 연구는 흰쥐(S.D, ♂)에 각 처리에 따라 기초사료로 시판사료(T$_1$)를 무제한 급여하면서 시험사료로 한약 증탕액 (T$_2$), 오골계 증탕액(T$_3$), 오골계 교잡종 육에 Flavourzyme을 0.1%첨가하여 가수 분해시킨 후 한약제와 혼합하여 증탕시킨 증탕액(T$_4$)을 35일간 경구 투여한 후 흰쥐의 혈청에 대한 glucose및 hormones과 면역학적 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사 한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 비만하였을 때나 과도한 스트레스를 받았을 때 insulin 함량이 증가한다고 하였으나 효소 처리 오골계 교잡종 증탕액을 급여한 처리구에서 체중 증가가 일반사료를 급여한 처리구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 증가하였어도 insulin 함량이 일반사료 급여구보다 증가하지 않은 것으로 나타나 바람직한 생리현상을 나타냈다. Aldosterone은 스테로이드 계통의 호르몬으로 물의 생리적 밸런스와 혈압조절에 관여하는데 일반사료 급여구에 비해 한약 증탕액, 오골계 증탕액,효소 처리 오골계 증탕액 급여 구에서 낮은 함량을 나타내 고농도 단백 식이의 급여에도 불구하고 aldosterone수치의 저하로 혈압 저하의 효과를 나타 낸 것은 한약을 첨가시켜 고압으로 처리시킨 증탕액의 효과와 가수분해 효소에 의한 소화가 용이하도록 처리한 결과로 사료된다 Cortisol은 스트레스 측정에 감도가 높은 호르몬으로 알려져 있는데 일반사료급여구가 0.67 nmol/L인 반면 증탕액을 급여한 구에서는 0.40∼0.49 nmol/L으로 cortisol 농도가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈는데 이는 aldosterone에서와 같이 한약제와 동물성 단백질을 섭취함에 따른 효과로 사료된다. 흰쥐에 증탕액 급여가 면역반응에 미치는 영향에서 IL-4, IFN-v 및 anti-BSA IgG의 역가는 일반사료를 급여한 처리구에 비해 오골계 증탕액 및 효소 처리 오골계 교잡종 증탕액 급여구에서 spleen과 serum두에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었는데 앞에서 언급했던 바와 같이 한약(십전대보탕)의 효과와 소화시키기 쉬운 고농도의 단백질 가수분해 물질의 다량 섭취에 의해 면역 활성이 증가되었을 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate feeding effects of the high pressure boiled extracts (HPBE) of the Ogol chicken with herbs on glucose, hormones and immunological response (cytokine, specific antibody) of serum in the rat which fed either with normal feed (T$_1$), normal feed + herb HPBE (T$_2$), normal feed + Ogol chicken HPBE (T$_3$), normal feed + mixture of cross-bred Ogol chicken HPBE (T$_4$) hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme 0.1% for 35 days. During experimental period, there was a weak trend to have a higher glucose content for the T$_4$ group with 102.27${\pm}$5.95 mg/dL, but it was not significantly higher than other treatments. For insulin level, T$_1$ group showed numerically a slightly higher level with 6.79${\pm}$4.64 ${\mu}$IU/mL, but the difference was not significant in statistic term due likely to a large variation in comparison with other treatments. The treatments did not significantly alter testosterone level in rat plasma with 1.09, 1.46, 0.98, 1.13 ng/mL in T$_1$, T$_2$, T$_3$ and T$_4$, respectively. T$_4$ treatment increased the aldosterone level to a significantly (p<0.05) higher level (273.33 ng/dL) than other treatments. The extract treated rat showed a tendency in the cortisol level of lower levels than the control group, particularly, it was significantly (p<0.05) lower in T$_3$ group than other groups. T$_3$ and T$_4$ groups showed higher levels for interlukin-4 (IL-4) and anti-BSA IgG in immune cells and plasma. T$_2$, T$_3$ and T$_4$ treatments showed a slightly higher levels in v-interferon (INF-r) than the control, with a greater effect for T4 treatments. These results suggested that HPBE of the cross-bred Ogol chicken hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme increased immunological activity and decreased the concentration of cortisol and aldosterone hormones.

토끼의 격리된 폐 모델에서 저산소성 폐혈관 수축시 비선택성 양이온 통로 차단제 Gadolinium 의 역할

안원식,김종성,김성덕,김희수,정일영,오아영 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.2

The Effects of NOnspecific Cation Blocker Gadolinium on Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in the Isolated Rabbit Lung Seong Deok Kim, M>D., Chong Sung Kim, M.D., Hee Soo Kim, M.D., Won Sik Ahn, M.D. Ah Young Oh, M.D., and Il Young Cheong, M.D.?? Department of Anesthesiology, Colege of Medicine, Seoul National University and ??Kangwon University, Korea Background: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is unique to pulmonary circulation. Recent hypotheses have emerged indicating that O_2 levels per se can regulate ion channel activity. The modulation of both cation channels differs according to the conduit or resistance pulmonary vessel type. However, it is not yet studied that the cation channel blocker has the same effect in an animal experimental model, which can exclude several factors that may influence on HPV. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to determine the effect of nonspecific cation blocker, Gadolinium, on HPV in a rabbit model of isolated lung perfusion. Methods: In adult white rabbits (n = 6), lungs were isolated and perfused with the constant pulmonary perfusate flow. Acid-base status and electrolytes of perfusate also constantly maintained. Thirty minutes after, baseline hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) was measured as the difference of pulmonary artery pressure between a period of 21% normoxic gas inhalation and that of 3% hypoxic gas inhalation. After another thirty minutes, Gadolinium 50 ㎍ were mixed to the perfusate, and then HPV were measured three times. After then Gadolinium 100, 200, 400 ㎍ were mixed to the perfusate and HPV were measured. Results: Gadolinium decreased the HPV response according to the dose. The ED_50 of the response was 143 ㎍/100 ml. Conclusions: The regulation of HPV is based on the cation channel in the isolated rabbit lung. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 222~228)

분광학적 방법에 의한 계면활성제의 확인

안종일(Chong Il Ahn),조종희(Jong Hoi Cho),박신자(Shin Ja Park),김종길(Jong Kil Kim),전지혜(Ji Hye Jeon),이정복(Jung Bock Lee),박홍수(Hong Soo Park) 한국유화학회 2001 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.18 No.4

N/A Our study is aimed at proposal of systematic verification method of molecular structure using measuring method of selective ionic determination and spectrometry on 34 kinds of surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) which are most widely used today. In the IR spectrum, unsaturated fatty acids reveal themselves by HC= at 3000~3020㎝^-1, and intensity of 720㎝㎝^-1 depends on carbon length of alkyl group. Also ethylene oxide(EO) adducts exhibit weak characteristic bands by -CH_2-CH_2-O at 1350, 1100 and 950㎝^-1. Isethionate can be distinguished from diester succinate by intensity ratio of 1740 and 1200㎝^-1 spectrums, the ratio of latter is close to 1 due to 2 carboxylate radical in diester succinate. Quaternary ammonium salts exhibit characteristic band of C_4N^+ at 1000-900㎝^-1. In the case of dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts in quaternary ammonium surfactants, the spectrum of 3000㎝^-1 by N-CH_3 collapses to a very weak band at 3020㎝^-1. In ammonium heterocyclic derivatives, pyridinium salts show characteristic bands at 1640 and 1460㎝^-1, while imidazolinium salts exhibit characteristic band at 1620-1610㎝^-1. In the characteristic spectrum at 1080-1050㎝^-1 on OH radicals of the alkyl esters, primary alcohol appears as weak band and the 2 bands show in almost same intensity when primary and secondary alcohols exist together in one molecule. Also, alkyl ester of polyhydric alcohols appears as various broad band.

Effects of Non-ionic Surfactant Supplementation on Ruminal Fermentation, Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Beef Steers Fed High-roughage Diets

Ahn, Gyu-chul,Kim, Jeong-hoon,Park, Eun-kyu,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Lee, Gang-yeon,Lee, Jung-il,Kim, Chong-min,Park, Keun-kyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.7

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of non-ionic surfactant (NIS) supplementation on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and performance of beef steers fed high-roughage diets. The objective of experiment 1 was to investigate the effects of NIS supplementation on in vitro ruminal fermentation of cultures administered with corn and barley as grain substrate and rice straw and timothy hay as roughage substrate. The in vivo ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance and digestibility of nutrients were also examined with steers fed a high-roughage diet in experiment 2. The aim of experiment 3 was to determine the responses to NIS of growing steers fed a high-roughage diet. In experiment 1, ammonia nitrogen concentration for NIS supplementation was higher (p<0.05) than for the control with all substrates. However, concentrations of total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, butyrate and valerate of the incubated roughage substrates, rice straw and timothy hay, were higher (p<0.05) for NIS supplementation than for the control whereas VFA concentrations in the cultures of corn and barley were unaffected. These results indicated that effects of NIS on ruminal fermentation are diet dependent, specifically on roughage sources. In experiment 2, ruminal pH of steers supplemented with NIS was lower (p<0.05) than the control. Ruminal concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, acetate, total VFA and urinary concentrations of purine derivatives were increased (p<0.05) by NIS supplementation. In experiment 3, supplementation of NIS increased (p<0.05) intakes of total feed and corn silage, average daily gain, and feed efficiency of growing steers although they varied depending on supplementation level. Due to the roughage-specific feature of NIS effects, NIS appears to enhance ruminal fermentation of fibrous parts of feeds and, consequently, performance of steers fed a high-roughage diet.

키토산 올리고머를 이용한 기능성 염료개발

안종일,최하영,임완빈,김동화,임헌선 한국키틴키토산학회 1998 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.3 No.1

In order to obtain new functional materials, chito-oligosaccharides(COS) of chitopentaose and chitohexaose which show anti-fungal activity were introduced to dyestuffs. COS-cyanuric chloride (CY)-4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2-sulfunic acid(DAS) and COS-CY-1-amino-4-(p-phenylenediamino)anthraq uinon- 2-sulfonic acid(APAS)conjugates, that is, CO-CY-DAS and COS-CY-APAS were prepared by the reactions of DAS and APAS, as dye intermediates, with CY-activated COS modifiers. Also, glucosamine, as a mdel compound, was reacted with CY-COS modifiers to clarify the chemical structures of the COS-CY-DAS and COS-CY-APAS. As the IH-NMR spectrums of conjugates showed downfield shift of the aromatic protons of dye intermediates and anomeric protons of glucosamine. The reaction of COS-CY-DAS and COS-CY-APAS conjugates were completed by the reactions between another chlorine atom of the triazine ring of the COS-CY modifier and the amino groups of DAS and APAS through the reaction of the amino groups of COS and a chlorine atom of CY.

그래프 상태와 시간 제약조건을 반영한 탐색 알고리즘의 개발에 관한 연구

안종일,정태충 慶熙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Recently, the hybridization of Artificial Intelligence techniques and Real-time technizues has been tried. A Real-time AI search performs a task in two phases: the planning phase and the executing phase. Under real-time constraints, a Real-time AI heuristic search must balance the operation between the planning and execution phases to comply with deadlines. Several real-time search algorithms such as RTA^*, SARTS and DYNORA have been proposed. These alorithms belong to a heuristic search algorithm like A^*. The performance of each algorithm depends on the quality of their heuristic functions, which provide an estimate of execution cost of a path. However. One of the difficulties in implementing these algorithms is to get perfect heuristic function. Hence, to determine the maximum time allowable for planning, we propose dynamic real-time search method using the concept of slack(i. e. ; the defference between heuristic all estimated value and search time).

종설 : 신생아황달 관리에서 청성뇌간반응 ( ABR ) 의 이용 ( Review : Clinical Use of Auditory Brainstem Reponse ( ABR ) in the Management of Hyperbilirubinemia of Newborn )

배종우(Chong Woo Bae),정사준(Sa Jun Chung),안창일(Chang Il Ahn) 경희대학교 경희의료원 1990 慶熙醫學 Vol.6 No.1

Power-line phase measurement algorithm based on the sliding-DFT

Byoung-Il Kim,Byoung-Sun Ahn,Chong-Yun Kim,Tae-Gyu Chang 대한전자공학회 2003 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2003 No.7

만성 혈액투석 환자에서의 대사성 산혈증과 음이온차의 양상

손정일(Chong Il Sohn),김병훈(Byoung Hun Kim),신진호(Jin Ho Shin),양석철(Suck Chul Yang),박용수(Yong Soo Park),한동수(Dong Soo Han),안명주(Myung Ju Ahn),손주현(Ju Hyun Sohn),이인홍(In Hong Lee),김순길(Soon Kil Kim),이정희(Jung Hee Lee 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.51 No.2

N/A Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prevalence of the various patterns of metabolic acidosis and anion gap among chronic hemodyalysis patients. Methods: Analysis of predialysis arterial blood gases and anion gap patterns was performed in 67 stable chronic outpatient hemodialysis patients(>1 year) with acetate buffer. Blood samples were drawn from the arterial line of the atreriovenous fistula for determination of blood electrolytes, chemistries, and analysis of blood gases at the beginning of hemodyalysis. Results: The degree of metabolic acidosis was mild to moderate with mean pH 7.33±0.039. 82% of a total 67 patients had pH between 7.30 and 7.39 with 18% of them between 7.20 and 7.29. Simple as mixed metabolic acidosis was shown in 49 of 67 patients(73%) and 18 of 67 patients(27%), respectively. In comparison of both groups, the group with mixed metabolic acidosis had significantly lower pH(7.29±0.04 vs 7.34±0.03, p<0.001) with higher pCO₂(38.5±3.4, p<0.005) and anion gap(19.6±4.1 vs 17.6±2.9, p<0.05). The classical high anion gap of end stage renal disease (range, 16 to 29 mEq/L) was also noted in 20 of 67 patients(30%). The linear regression analysis between anion gaps and total serum carbon dioxide contents (TCO₂) didn't show any significant correlation in all patients as well as the two subdivided groups with high and normal anion gap. Furthermore, only 13 of 67 patients(20%) were included between 80 and 120% in the ratio of delta anion gap(ΔAG) over delta TCO₂(dTCO₂). Therefore, the majority of hemodialysis patients (80%) showed the discrepancy between the degrees of d AG and ΔTCO₂. The analysis of unmeasured cations(K, Ca) and anions(albumin, phosphate) in the calculation of anion gap(Na ?Cl ?HCO₃) between two groups of high and normal anion gap of all patients as well as 49 patients of simple metabolic acidosis didn't reveal any discernible contributions to the changes of anion gap. Conclusion- This study therefore showed that the mixed acid-base balance and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis is not an exception in chronic stable hemodialysis patients. Also, the impact of hemodialysis in end stage renal disease patients seemed to lead the changes in values of unidentified anions besides fixed mineral acids and/or in those of unrecognized ionic equivalents of plasma constituents.

심근경색증과 거대 관상동맥류가 합병된 가와사끼병 1예

정종성,송지호,차성호,최용묵,안창일 경희대학교 1989 慶熙醫學 Vol.5 No.3