호흡기 감염에서 Sparfloxacin 의 임상적 유용성에 대한 Enoxacin과의 비교 검토

김주옥,김선영,김관형,서지원,박석영,이종진,박성학 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.4

목적:폐렴, 기관지염, 만성기관지염에서 fluoroquinolone제제로서 항균력이 강하고, 혈중 반감기가 길고, 객담과 조직내 농도가 높은 sparfloxacin의 안전성과 효과를 enoxacin과 비교하기 위해 본 연구를 시행 하였다. 방법:1994년 10월부터 1995년 4월까지 충남대 부속병원과 대전 성모병원에 내원한 폐렴, 급성기관지염, 만성기관지염이 급성으로 악화된 환자 63명을 대조군(32명)(enoxacin 100 mg 1일 3회 경구투여), 실험군(31명)(sparfloxacin 200mg 1일 1회 경구투여)으로 나누어 임상증상, 세균학적 객담 검사, 혈액검사, 실험실내 항균력검사로 그 치료율 및 안전성을 비교하였다. 결과: 1) 임상종합 평가, 세균학적 균소실, 안전성, 유용성에서 두군간에 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 2) 시험관내 항균력검사상 MIC가 실험군이 대조군보다 현저하게 낮았다.(p<0.05). 3) 경미한 두통, 식욕감퇴, 상복부 불쾌감, 설사등이 대조군 9예, 실험군 7예에서 발생하였고, 검사실 소견상 SGOT 혹은 SGPT 의 일시적 경미한 상승이 대조군 2명, 실험군 3명에서, 혈중 creatinine 상승이 실험군 2명에서 있었으나 경미하였다. 결론:이상의 결과로 sparfloxacin은 폐렴, 급성기관지염, 만성기관지염의 악화에서 하루 한번 투여로 enoxacin 하루 3번 투여와 유사하게 효과적이고 안전하며, 시험관내 항균력이 enoxacin보다 월등히 우수하여 임상에서도 유용하게 사용될수 있을것으로 생각된다. Background: Sparfloxacin, a new oral quinolone, has a broad spectrum, potent antimicrobial activity, prolonged half life, high concentration in sputum. The clinical efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin have been reported by some previous clinical studies performed in Japan. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the clinical and antimicrobial efficacy of this drug in respiratory tract infections compared to those of enoxacin. Methods:We performed an open controlled, randomized study in 63 patients with acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis at Chung Nam University hospital and Dae Jeon St. Mary's hospital from October, 1994 to April, 1995. In the control group(n=32), 100 mg enoxacin was administered orally 3 times a day and in the test group(n=31), 200 mg sparfloxacin once a day. Results: The results were as follows; 1) There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical efficacy, bacteriological finding, and usefulness. 2) Means and SD of MICs were 0.44±0.89 ㎍/ml in the control group, 0.13±0.24 ㎍/ml in the test group. There was a significant difference in MICs between the two groups(p<0.05). 3) Headache, epigastric discomfort, and loss of appetite were observed in 7 cases of the control group and in 9 cases of the test group, and transient elevations of hepatic enzyme in 2 cases of the control group, and in 3 cases of the test group. There was mild elevation of serum creatinine in 2 cases of the test group. Those laboratory abnormalities by therapy might be associated with their underlying diseases. There were no significant adverse effects caused by the drugs Conclusion:In conclusion, sparfloxacin of 200 mg once a day was as effective and well tolerated as enoxacin of 100 mg three times per day in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Sparfloxacin is more potent antibiotics because MICs of sparfloxacin were very lower than those of enoxacin.

유니섹스모드 수용도와 성격 특성과의 관계 연구

김영숙,박은영,이영선,허영미,홍은영 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1985 家政大論集 Vol.4 No.-

The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate the relationship between theacceptance oF unisex mode and rigidity character and 2) to find out any significantdifference in the acceptance of unisex mode according to grade, major and sex. The questionnaires were administered to 133 female and 174 male college students. The results; 1. The accptance of unisex mode was not related with rigidity character. 2. The acceptance of female unisex mode was higher than male unisex mode. 3. Females showed higher tendency in the acceptance of unisex mode and fashioninnovativeness than males. 4. No significant differences were found in the acceptance of unisex mode accordingto grade and major level.

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

New Stress-Strain Model for Identifying Plastic Deformation Behavior of Sheet Materials

김영석(Young Suk Kim),팜콕트완(Quoc Tuan Pham),김찬일(Chan Il Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2017 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.34 No.4

In sheet metal forming numerical analysis, the strain hardening equation has a significant effect on calculation results, especially in the field of spring-back. This study introduces the Kim-Tuan strain hardening model. This model represents sheet material behavior over the entire strain hardening range. The proposed model is compared to other well known strain hardening models using a series of uniaxial tensile tests. These tests are performed to determine the stress-strain relationship for Al6016-T4, DP980, and CP Ti sheets. In addition, the Kim-Tuan model is used to integrate the CP Ti sheet strain hardening equation in ABAQUS analysis to predict spring-back amount in a bending test. These tests highlight the improved accuracy of the proposed equation in the numerical field. Bending tests to evaluate prediction accuracy are also performed and compared with numerical analysis results.

복합열화환경 하에서의 단면복구재의 철근부식특성 평가에 관한 실험적 연구

김영덕,박종호,조봉석,김용로,권영진,김무한 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1

The duties of the restorative material are to bear up against stress and to protect reinforcement corrosion. So the restorative material are estimated by various kinds of strength, permeability and etc. But to evaluate performance of the restorative material accurately, it is necessary to estimate their reinforcement corrosion directly in environment of combined deterioration. In this study, to evaluate performance of restorative materials, we compare their properties in terms of compressive and bending strength and permeability of water and air with actual reinforcement corrosion like ratio of corrosion area, weight reduction and corrosion velocity of steel bar under environment of complex deterioration. The results showed that strength and permeability of restorative materials are similar but their reinforcement corrosions are very different. And there is a case that strength and permeability of restorative material are better than normal concrete but reinforcement corrosions are worse.

Characterization of the isotropic-distortional hardening model and its application to commercially pure titanium sheets

Pham, Quoc Tuan,Lee, Myoung Gyu,Kim, Young Suk Pergamon Press 2019 International journal of mechanical sciences Vol.160 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Commercially pure titanium sheets have been widely used in various industrial applications owing to their lightweight nature, superior formability, and excellent corrosion resistance. Previous studies showed that accurate modelling of material characteristics, such as anisotropic yield function and hardening, is essential for the simulation of sheet metal forming with titanium sheets. For example, the non-quadratic anisotropic yield function Yld2000-2d and the modified Kim–Tuan hardening model were used to model initial anisotropy and reproduce flow stress curves at large strains. However, even with these advanced constitutive models for describing the anisotropic behavior of sheet metals, further improvement is necessary to simulate anisotropy evolution, or distortional hardening, in pure titanium sheets. In this study, distortional hardening was experimentally measured under both uniaxial and balanced biaxial loading conditions. Moreover, the evolution of the Yld2000-2d function was modelled as a function of equivalent plastic work. For validation, the developed material models were applied in finite element simulations to analyse deformation behavior in uniaxial tension, hydraulic bulge, and punch-stretching tests. It was confirmed that this approach accurately described material response during these three tests.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Experimental observation of distortional hardening behaviour and three-stage deformation behavior for a pure titanium sheet. </LI> <LI> A procedure to reproduce these material behaviours for the tested material by using an evolutionary yld2000-2d yield function and modified Kim–Tuan hardening law. </LI> <LI> Simulation results of uniaxial tensile tests, hydraulic bulge test, and punch-stretching tests match well with experimental data. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Review on Critical Temperatures for Initiation and Arrest of Delayed Hydride Cracking in Zirconium Alloys

Young Suk Kim,Kyung Soo Im,Yong Moo Cheong 대한기계학회 2004 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2004 No.8

The hydrogen concentration limit and critical temperatures for a delayed hydride cracking (DHC) in zirconium alloys have been described on the assumption that a tensile stress gradient is a driving force for the DHC. By correlating the DHC initiation and arrest temperatures with the critical supersaturated hydrogen concentration or △C for the DHC initiation and arrest, we conclude that the △C arising from the hysteresis of the terminal solid solubility of hydrogen on a heat-up and on a cool-down is the driving force for the DHC and that the Kim's DHC model is feasible.

Students’ Perspectives on Pre-recorded Video Lectures Versus Video-Conferencing Lectures in the Untact Era

Kim,Hea-Suk,Cha,Yoonjung,Kim,Na-Young 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2021 교과교육학연구 Vol.25 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine students’ perspectives on two online learning formats: pre-recorded video lectures versus video-conferencing. There were 90 participants who took College English courses in a university in Seoul. Participants took TOEIC tests before taking the classes and were divided into two different proficiency level groups: a high-level group and a low-level group. All participants studied English via both pre-recorded video lectures and video-conferencing (Zoom) for the whole semester. Questionnaires were carried out to explore students’ perspectives on both online formats in accordance with their proficiency levels. The findings of the closed-ended questionnaires revealed that significant differences were not found between the low- and high-level groups regardless of the online learning formats. Regarding students’ perspectives about these online English formats, a statistical difference was not found between the two groups. It is worth noting that students did not show any significantly different perspectives concerning online courses regardless of their proficiency levels. As for the open-ended questionnaires, both groups noted various benefits and drawbacks of the current online learning platforms. Also, they provided constructive suggestions for these online learning formats. The results of this study have pedagogical implications for carrying out successful online courses.

18–30세 사이에 발생하는 뇌경색의 특징, 다기관 레지스트리 연구

장윤경,송태진,김용재,허지회,이경열,김영은,장민욱,조수진,강석윤 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2017 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: Although there have been several reports that described characteristics for young age stroke, information regarding very young age (18–30 years old) has been limited. We aimed to analyze demographic factors, stroke subtype, and 3-month outcome in acute ischemic stroke patient who have relatively very young age in multicenter stroke registry. Methods: We evaluated all 122 (7.1%) consecutive acute ischemic stroke (within 7 days after symptom onset) patients aged 18 to 30 from 17,144 patients who registered in multicenter prospective stroke registry, 1997 to 2012. Etiology was classified by Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. Stroke severity was defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and stroke outcome was defined by modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months after index stroke. Results: The mean age of all included patients was 25.1±3.7 years and 76 patients (62.2%) were male. The median NIHSS at admission was 4. Considering stroke subtype, 37 patients (30.3%) had stroke of other determined etiology (SOD), 37 (30.3%) had undetermined negative evaluation (UN) and 31 (25.4%) had cardioembolism (CE) were frequently noted. After adjusting age, sex and variables which had P<0.1 in univariable analysis (NIHSS and stroke subtype), CE stroke subtype (odds ratio, 4.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–15.48; P=0.011) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome (mRS≥3). Conclusion: In very young age ischemic stroke patients, SOD and UN stroke subtype were most common and CE stroke subtype was independently associated with poor discharge outcome.

여가활동 유형이 여가만족에 미치는 영향

김의영,김의영,김영숙,윤대중,이병기 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2002 武道硏究所誌 Vol.13 No.1

This research is designed to make a comparative analysis of the types of leisure activities and the degree of leisure satisfaction by demographic background variable and to present basic materials necessary for the development of programs for local policies on leisure in accordance with the local autonomous system with a view to determining the relationship between leisure and life satisfaction by type of leisure activity. The following are the findings. First, the survey on testing the difference of leisure satisfaction by gender failed to test the difference in psychological and physiological satisfaction, but there were a statistically significant difference in educational, social and relaxation satisfaction at a level of 1 percent. And the survey failed to test the difference in psychological satisfaction by age, but there was a statistically significant difference in leisure satisfaction by society, education, job, monthly income, and health. Second, the survey on the influences of the types of leisure activities on leisure satisfaction revealed that there was a statistically significant influences in all the subordinate variables of leisure satisfaction.