축산업 전과정평가 (LCA)의 환경 평가 요소 중심의 분석과 한국 축산업에 대한 적용성 평가

정효혁,여욱현,이상연,박세준,김준규,데카노 크리스티나,최영배,조정화,김정환,이인복 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been used to assess the environmental impact of livestock industries since it was adopted as a standard method in 2006. However, many studies have simplified the environmental assessment factor for a simple assessment. Simplified LCA cannot be used in business/policy decisions because results can be overestimated and underestimated, ignoring interactions between environmental assessment elements. Therefore, it is necessary to review literatures that apply evaluation methods that take into account various environmental assessment factors. In this study, we selected and reviewed literatures on livestock-related LCA studies over the past five years. Environmental assessment factors by literature were considered and classified. Finally, we evaluated the applicability of comprehensive LCA research in the domestic livestock industry through a literature containing a number of factors.

건물에너지시뮬레이션을 활용한 육계사 사육환경 및 에너지부하 평가, Part 2: 지역 및 축사구조에 따른 모델 적용

최영배,이인복 (사)한국축산환경학회 2023 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.25 No.3

With a significant portion of poultry production costs, efficient energy management is imperative for sustainable growth. This study evlauated the influence of regional climate variations and structural configurations of broiler houses on their internal environments and energy demands using previously validated Building Energy Simulation (BES) model. The analysis indicated distinct thermal conditions within broiler houses, primarily driven by regional climate differences and building structures. The model effectively demonstrated the effects of various wall compositions and ventilation systems. The installation of ceiling structures in broiler houses showed a pronounced impact on maintaining appropriate rearing temperatures. Specifically, during winter, the mid-ceiling installations led to a temperature rise of up to 4.5°C, effectively reducing heating loads by 4.7% to 5.7% across various regions. In summer, activating ceiling fans in conjunction with mid-ceiling structures reduced cooling loads by 9.0% to 2.4%. These results underscore the importance of tailored building designs, ventilation systems, and energyefficient practices for broiler houses in diverse climatic conditions. The study suggests that dynamic energy simulations could contribute to the development of more sustainable and climate-adaptive practices in broiler farming.

축산농가에서 사용 중인 악취 저감제의 유형 분석 및 환경개선제의 돈분뇨 in vitro 발효 평가

김수량,김명규,성하균 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.2

This study was investigated characteristics and components of odor reducing agents used in livestock farms, and evaluate the efficacy of reducing odors in pig manure through in vitro fermentation. As a result of classification according to major components, microbial agents (71.3%), amino acid supplements (11.7%), composite type (6.1%), silicate supplements (4.9%), extract (2.8%), vitamin supplements (2.0%), and enzyme (1.0%) were investigated. The microbial agents (n=176) showed that Bacillus subtilis accounted for the highest percentage (106~1011 CFU/g). When the biological agents were evaluated an odor reduction efficacy, ammonia was reduced by 6.06, 29.38 and 15.49% of the control group in Treatment I (plant extracts), Treatment II (Bacillus subtilis-based complexes) and Treatment III (yeast and lactic acid bacteria complexes), respectively. When bacterial changes were observed during in vitro fermentation, total bacteria was increased 1.22∼4.02 × 109 CFU/g at the beginning of culture to 2.51 × 109~1.03 × 1010 CFU/g at the end of culture. Bacillus subtilis showed higher levels in Treatment I and Treatment II than the additive-free group and Treatment III. Lactobacillus sp. maintained higher levels in the additive group than the non-additive group. Yeast was not detected at the end of the culture. Livestock farms are using various odor reducing agents, and their effects vary depending on the characteristics of the products. Therefore, the understanding about odor generation in farms and characteristics of odor reducing agents should be prioritized for effective odor control.

축산용 깔짚으로의 활용을 위한 억새의 먼지 발생특성

김승수,심수민,신동성,나창식,원승건 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Gigantic Miscanthus had been developed as an energy crop for national renewable energy policy. However, market variation made Miscanthus not only use in energy production but also the other use other than energy production. The priority of bedding material selection for animal industry lies on supply of comfort to animal related to its productivity and further dust productivity may be one of concerning factors to prevent respiratory issue on animals and workers. This research was carried out to compare dust production between Miscanthus manipulated and sawdust in commercial use. The lab-scale simulator was designed and prepared to analyze dust production in practice. In order to produce lower dust poduction, Miscanthus length of less than 40 mm may be required, which results in safety on animals and workers. For animal industry, animal behaviour and composting performance using Miscanthus shall be further investigaed in the future.

생균제 혼합 환경개선제의 급여 및 살포가 한우 가축분뇨 유래 암모니아 및 황화수소 발생에 미치는 영향

박소연,이상락,조상래,나영준,최용준 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.3

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotic mixed environment improvement agent feeding and spreading on ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions of Hanwoo manure. Three animals were allocated to each pen as an experimental unit. An experiment was performed with three replicates as a complete randomized design and treatments were assigned a control group and a mixed environment improvement agent group. In the result of the feeding trial, at 60 days, ammonia gas emission from Hanwoo manure was significantly lower content in the probiotics mixed environment improvement agent group than in the control group (p = 0.027), hydrogen sulfide gas emission from Hanwoo manure tends to be lower in the probiotics mixed environment improvement agent group than in the control group (p = 0.085). At the 5-day point of the spreading trial, ammonia gas emission from Hanwoo manure was significantly lower in the probiotics mixed environment improvement agent group than in the control group (p = 0.001). As a result, probiotic mixed environment improvement agents could be helpful in lowering the concentrations of odor substances in a farm.

축산용 깔짚으로 억새 사용시 한우의 행동과 생물학적 분해특성

김승수,심수민,나창식,원승건 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Livestock manure has been regarded as an important resource containing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Over 90% of livestock manure heads to arable land in the form of compost. Particularly, Hanwoo raises on bedding floor which gives comfort and sanitation. However, a main bedding material in Korea is sawdust and have been selected with some conditions of prices, less dust, carbon supply, and so on. This study was carried out to prove alternative bedding materials; e.g., Miscanthus availability. Firstly, the evaluation of comfort was analyzed via checking the resting time of Hanwoo. Secondly, when bedding materials are mixed with manure, biodegradability of Micanthus under composting environment was compared with sawdust. As result of the experiments, Miscanthus gave Hanwoo equal comfort with sawdust and the lowest moisture content in the barn was reported in pelletized Miscanthus. Biodegradability of Miscanthus showed over two fold higher than that of sawdust. Thus, Miscanthus showed enough performance to replace sawdust and could be expected as an economic bedding material over sawdust.

제주 양돈산업 환경개선에 관한 연구

홍상표,김재우,하덕민,박태환,한정철,김두환 (사)한국축산환경학회 2022 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.24 No.1

This study suggests sustainable environmental improvement plans by analyzing the present situation and transition of Jeju pork industry. In 2018, Jeju pork took up 37% of the whole animal products and 14.5% of the total agricultural and livestock products showing how firmly the industry is supplying pork to the table. In 2019, 268 pig farms with 551,168 pigs (4.9% of whole domestic population) were located in Jeju area. Dealing with the increasing civil complaints about livestock odor, control systems such as assigning odor control restricts. The nation’s first odor control restricts were assigned in 59 sites in March, 2018, 44 sites in June same year and 115 sites in September, 2020. Assigned odor control restrict farms showed the effort to prevent the spread of odor by installing the following facilities: 65% windowless housing, 56% bio-curtain for those who cannot use windowless housing, 70% mist equipment, combining operation the bio-curtain, mist equipment and the liquid manure circulation system. The Central Government and Jeju Special Self-Governing Province are required to take actions for the effective policy change by assisting financially and legally such as establishing ordinances reflecting advanced waste-water purification and settled levels of water quality of reused water.

건물에너지시뮬레이션을 활용한 육계사 사육환경 및 에너지부하 평가, Part 1: 모델 개발 및 검증

최영배,이인복 (사)한국축산환경학회 2023 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Recent climate change trends have leaded thermal and cold stress concerns in commercial broiler houses, significantly impacting the animal welfare, productivity, and energy efficiency of broiler farming. Consequently, conducting an energy load analysis is integral to reducing energy consumption and ensuring optimal conditions for livestock. This study developed a Building Energy Simulation (BES) model, validated to predict the internal environment and energy demands in broiler houses. To validate the BES model, field experiments were conducted in a commercial broiler house for data collection of both internal and external environmental conditions. The precision of BES model was evaluated using the Coefficient of Variation of Root Mean Square Error (Cv (RMSE)) and Normalized Mean Bias Error (NMBE), resulting in a Cv (RMSE) of 2.82% for air temperature and 2.72% for absolute humidity, and NMBE values of 2.26% and -1.42%, respectively. These results demonstrate the high accuracy of model, aligning with building energy model standards. The BES model, implemented in the field experiment broiler house, predicted a heating load that peaked at approximately 1893.23 MJ/hr, while the cooling load was anticipated to maximize at about 1627.61 MJ/hr. The cumulative total of the heating and cooling energy loads was estimated to be around 3,303,895 MJ. Results indicate the developed model could potentially improve energy efficiency in broiler houses and assess energy loads under various conditions.

국내 농가 수준의 폐사가축 처리 가이드라인 개발: 예비 연구

심수민,김승수,공다은,안정선,원승건,나창식 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

This study present a comparison of prevailing practices of livestock farm carcasses disposal procedures in Korea with the management guideline and regulations of other countries. It has found that there is a significant difference among the guidelines for livestock mortality management based on the livestock feeding and waste disposal. Based on the finding it may require a concrete guidelines and regulation for disposing livestock carcasses considering nutrient balance both in soil and water environment. Conclusively, a centralized treatment plant equipped with highly sophisticated system (specialized knowledge and technology) is required for the final carcass disposal.

주성분 회귀모형을 이용한 돈사 내부 악취 추정 모델 개발

우샘이,장유나,정민웅,서시영 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

In this study, a odor concentration estimation model in the grow to finish swine pen was derived using principal component analysis and multiple regression models. 14 kinds of odor compounds were used. Prior to the statistical analysis, the missing value (less than MDL)for each compounds was imputed with MDL/2, and the concentration of the odor compounds and the odor unit were log-transformed to follow a normal distribution. The three principal components extracted through principal component analysis explained for 77.03% of the initial variables. The correlation between Principal components and odor compounds was evaluated by the loading value. PC1 was correlated with VOC (10 Type), PC2 with sulfur compounds (3 Type), and PC3 with ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. A odor concentration estimation model was derived using PC1, PC2, PC3 as independent variables. As a result, the model and the regression coefficient were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but adjusted R2 (0.25) was low.