First-Principles Study of the Elastic, Hardness and Electronic Properties of MoAlB under High Pressure

Xiao Ling Zhu,Wei Yang,Shan Shan Gao,Jin Ping Zhang 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.74 No.5

The structure, elastic and electronic properties of MoAlB have been studied under high pressure by using first principles. The optimized lattice parameters, elastic constants, bulk moduli, and shear moduli agree well with experimental and other theoretical values. The relationships of the lattice constants with pressure indicated an anisotropic behavior. The calculated elastic constants satisfy the mechanical stability conditions. Our calculated Vickers hardness of MoAlB is 11.56~GPa, which agrees with the experimental data and confirms its having a relatively softer nature than the other borides. The Cauchy pressure, the Poisson's ratio and the $G/B$ value suggest that MoAlB is a brittle solid under ambient conditions, but the brittleness decreases with increasing pressure. The band structure and the density of states reveal the metallic feature of MoAlB, and the energy levels shift toward both sides of the Fermi level with increasing pressure. The Mulliken population and density of states suggest a mixture bonding nature of covalence and metallicity in MoAlB.

秦漢“畏耎”犯罪探究

Xiao Zhu(朱瀟) 경북대학교 아시아연구소 2014 아시아연구 Vol.- No.20

본고는 岳麓奏簡인 『爲獄等狀四種』의 ‘綰等畏耎還走案’을 기본 자료로 삼고 기타 전해지거나 출토된 법률 문헌과 결합하여 진한 시기 ‘畏耎’ 범죄의 입법과 심판 진행에 대해 고찰하였다. ‘畏耎’ 범죄는 일반적으로 전쟁 중에 두려워서 배회하거나 공포로 도망가서 전투에 불리한 영향을 가져다주는 자들의 범죄 행위를 말한다. 이러한 범죄는 군대 관리와 국가의 군사 이익에 손해를 가져다주기 때문에 군사 범죄의 범주에 속한다. ‘綰等畏耎還走’는 奉代 전투원이 ‘畏耎還走’ 하여 범죄한 것에 대해 사법적으로 판단한 안건이다. 안건 기록과 관련 역사 자료를 통해 볼 때, 진한시기 ‘畏耎’ 범죄 행위에 대한 규정은 대체로 유사한데, 범죄 주체자는 모두 전투중인 장군과 사졸이고 범죄행위는 임전시 위축되어 배회하고 나아가 싸우지 않거나 도망한 것으로 나타났다, ‘畏耎’ 범죄의 형벌과 ‘儋乏不鬥’는 유사한데, 최고형은 참형이지만 상황의 경중에 근거하여 차별적으로 처벌하는 감등 원칙을 따랐다. ‘畏耎’ 범죄는 특수한 주체와 특수한 상황이라는 요구에 만족해야만 구성될 수 있기 때문에 그 성질과 ‘亡’죄의 존재는 크게 구별된다. ‘綰等畏耎還走案’에서 보는 바와 같이, 이러한 범죄의 審理절차와 보통 형사 안건이 거의 별 차이가 없다. 범죄는 지방 현급 官府에서 처리하는데 郡府에 보고하고 허락받아 집행하였다. 이로써 진대 지방 사법 절차는 대체적으로 유사하여 범죄 성질의 차이에 따라 구별되는 것은 아니라고 추측해 볼 수 있다. 주의해야 할 것은 명확하게 형벌을 적용하기 위해 관부는 ‘畏耎’ 범죄의 구체적인 정황에 대해 세밀하게 조사하고 검증할 필요가 있다. 이러한 審理추구는 진대가 극히 증거를 중시하는 논죄원칙을 보여준 것이다. ‘畏耎還走’ 죄는 泰代 문헌에 나타나는데, 漢代에도 ‘畏懦’나 ‘逗留畏懦’(‘畏懦逗留’)가 나타나며 이러한 범죄의 최고형량은 모두 사형이다. 奏漢시기 관련 율령은 魏晉隋唐시기에도 전승되었다. 비록 후자의 규정이 더욱 세밀하지만 그들의 입법정신에서는 고도로 일치한다고 할 수 있다. 국가의 다른 제도와 비교해 보았을 때 전쟁과 관련된 율령 법규는 장기적인 안정성을 유지하고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있다. The paper take “the case of Wan run from the battlefield” of four forms of descriptions for judicial laws in Yuelu Academy Collection-Qin Bamboo Slips as basic information, together with other transmitted accounts and archaeologically retrieved manuscripts, discus on the legislation and trial to the crime of “fear” in Qin and Han dynasties. The crime of “fear”, which always refer to the fighters stay in situ or run away because of fear and bring adverse effects to the combat situation, was the charge against criminal subjects belonging to special crimes with generals and soldiers in the battle accused. It was worth respectively discussing the conviction and punishment of special crimes due to its distinctiveness differing from that of normal crimes. This kind of crime which involved in military management and damage the national military’s interests belongs to the category of the military crime. Speculating from the case record and relevant historical materials, we could find that the regulations on the crime of “fear” are roughly similar in Qin dynasty: the subjects of crime are soldiers and officers, the criminal behaviors are represented to running away or staying in situ for fear. The penalty to the crime of “fear” is death sentence, which is similar to the crime of “Too Scared to Fight”, and could be mitigated According to the weight of the circumstances of the crime. It needs special subject and situation to constitute a crime of “fear”, thus it’s nature is very different from the fleeing crime(Wang). According to “the case of Wan run from the battlefield”, the trial procedure of “fear” criminal case has no difference from other criminal cases: the crime is accepted by local authorities and submitted to their seniors for consenting to the sentence. Perhaps we can speculate that the local trial procedure will not be different from the nature of the crimes. However it must be pointed out that, in order to clarify the appropriate penalty, the local authorities need to investigate crime scene meticulously. this trial requirements also reflect the principle of attaching great importance to the evidence in Qin Dynasty. The legislation of the “fear” crime of Qin and Han Dynasties has been inherited by the royal courts of Northern and Southern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties. These legal norms were highly consistent in the legislative spirit. Thus it can be seen, compared with other legal system of the country, the martial laws maintained long-term stability.

Chinese herbal injections for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A narrative review

Xiao-Bin Zhu,Meng Guo,Zhi-Hui Zhang,Li-Hua Sun,Lei Liu,Li-Juan Zhou,Chun-Lei Shan,Yi Yang,Lian-Di Kan,Liu-Cheng Li 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.4

Background The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 180 million infections and 3.9 million deaths. To date, emerging clinical evidence has shown the synergetic benefits of Chinese herbal injections in treating this contagious respiratory disease. This review aims to summarize and analyze the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal injections in the therapy of COVID-19. Methods The literature from 3 electronic databases, PubMed, CNKI, and Web of Science, were searched using the search terms “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “traditional Chinese medicine”, “herb”, “herbal”, and “injection”. Then the identified articles were comprehensively evaluated. Results Limited data demonstrated that Chinese herbal injections could significantly improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients, especially in combination with conventional treatment strategies. The benefits of which were mainly associated with the relief of symptoms, prevention of secondary infection, regulation of inflammation and immune function. There was also evidence showing the inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Nevertheless, available real-world data suggested the increased risk of adverse event. Furthermore, the defects of existing researches and the insights for discovering novel antiviral drugs were prospectively discussed. Conclusion Evidence-based advances revealed that Chinese herbal injections such as XueBiJing injection and ShenMai injection, exerted potent effects against COVID-19. Further laboratory researches and clinical evaluation are needed to gather scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety.

Key Point Detection in 3D Reconstruction Based On Human-Computer Interaction

Zhu Shi Wei,Zhang Xiao Guo,Lv Jia Dong,Wang Qing 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.1

Aiming at solving problem of points’ redundancy caused by full automatically detecting points and the problem of large workload caused by picking all points manually, I advanced a new method of picking points which is based on Human-Computer Interaction in our 3D reconstruction platform after automatically detecting points. We first detected and matched points automatically and got the homograph matrix between two images, then projected points which were picked by hand on the one image to the other image, at last we would search the interesting feature points in the neighborhood of corresponding points in the two images. Experiments have shown that this method decreases the redundancy brought by large number of points and successfully finds the important feature points, so it lays a good foundation for 3D reconstruction.

White-light crosslinkable milk protein bioadhesive with ultrafast gelation for first-aid wound treatment

Zhu Qinchao,Zhou Xuhao,Zhang Yanan,Ye Di,Yu Kang,Cao Wangbei,Zhang Liwen,Zheng Houwei,Sun Ziyang,Guo Chengchen,Hong Xiaoqian,Zhu Yang,Zhang Yajun,Xiao Ying,Valencak Teresa G.,Ren Tanchen,Ren Daxi 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background : Post-traumatic massive hemorrhage demands immediately available first-aid supplies with reduced operation time and good surgical compliance. In-situ crosslinking gels that are flexibly adapting to the wound shape have a promising potential, but it is still hard to achieve fast gelation, on-demand adhesion, and wide feasibility at the same time. Methods : A white-light crosslinkable natural milk-derived casein hydrogel bioadhesive is presented for the first time. Benefiting from abundant tyrosine residues, casein hydrogel bioadhesive was synthesized by forming di-tyrosine bonds under white light with a ruthenium-based catalyst. We firstly optimized the concentration of proteins and initiators to achieve faster gelation and higher mechanical strength. Then, we examined the degradation, cytotoxicity, tissue adhesion, hemostasis, and wound healing ability of the casein hydrogels to study their potential to be used as bioadhesives. Result : Rapid gelation of casein hydrogel is initiated with an outdoor flashlight, a cellphone flashlight, or an endoscopy lamp, which facilitates its usage during first-aid and minimally invasive operations. The rapid gelation enables 3D printing of the casein hydrogel and excellent hemostasis even during liver hemorrhage due to section injury. The covalent binding between casein and tissue enables robust adhesion which can withstand more than 180 mmHg blood pressure. Moreover, the casein-based hydrogel can facilitate post-traumatic wound healing caused by trauma due to its biocompatibility. Conclusion : Casein-based bioadhesives developed in this study pave a way for broad and practical application in emergency wound management.

Disorientation of and Return to Value Reason in Chinese E-Government -And the Hierarchical Model of Value Reason That Centers on "Taking People as the Foundation of the State"

( Xiao Ning Zhu ),( Dan Mao ) 한국행정학회 2005 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.14

Study on the Influence of Book Cover Design Elements on Parents" Choice of Children"s Picture Book

Zhu, Xiao Min(주소민),Cho, Dong Min(조동민) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2022 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.40 No.1

Degrees of Freedom for Complex MIMO Multiple-Way Relay Channel

Xiao Chen,Yan Zhu,Xinxing Yin,Fangbiao Li,Zhi Xue 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.11

The amount of diversity or the number of degrees of freedom (DOF) can be increased by multiple antennas in wireless communication systems. In this paper, we study the DOF of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiple-way relay channel. There are two groups of source nodes and several one relay node which are equipped with multiple antennas in this kind of channel. Each source node in one group exchanges independent message with the source node in the other group via the relay node. We first show the upper bound on the total DOF for this channel. Then we extend it to the complex MIMO multiple-way relay channel and present the corresponding upped bound.

Ischemic postconditioning protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia/reperfusion injury by inducing MIP2

Zhu, Hong-Lin,Wei, Xing,Qu, Shun-Lin,Zhang, Chi,Zuo, Xiao-Xia,Feng, Yan-Sheng,Luo, Qi,Chen, Guang-Wen,Liu, Mei-Dong,Jiang, Lei,Xiao, Xian-Zhong,Wang, Kang-Kai Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.8

Cardiomyocytes can resist ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury through ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) which is repetitive ischemia induced during the onset of reperfusion. Myocardial ischemic preconditioning up-regulated protein 2 (MIP2) is a member of the WD-40 family proteins, we previously showed that MIP2 was up-regulated during ischemic preconditioning (IPC). As IPC and IPoC engaged similar molecular mechanisms in cardioprotection, this study aimed to elucidate whether MIP2 was up-regulated during IPoC and contributed to IPoC-mediated protection against I/R injury. The experiment was conducted on two models, an $in$ $vivo$ open chest rat coronary artery occlusion model and an $in$ $vitro$ model with H9c2 myogenic cells. In both models, 3 groups were constituted and randomly designated as the sham, I/R and IPoC/hypoxia postconditioning (HPoC) groups. In the IPoC group, after 45 min of ischemia, hearts were allowed three cycles of reperfusion/ischemia phases (each of 30 s duration) followed by reperfusion. In the HPoC group, after 6 h of hypoxia, H9c2 cells were subjected to three cycles of 10 minute reoxygenation and 10 minute hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. IPoC significantly reduced the infarct size, plasma level of Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB in rats. 12 h after the reperfusion, MIP2 mRNA levels in the IPoC group were 10 folds that of the sham group and 1.4 folds that of the I/R group. Increased expression of MIP2 mRNA and attenuation of apoptosis were similarly observed in the HPoC group in the $in$ $vitro$ model. These effects were blunted by transfection with MIP2 siRNA in the H9c2 cells. This study demonstrated that IPoC induced protection was associated with increased expression of MIP2. Both MIP2 overexpression and MIP2 suppression can influence the IPoC induced protection.

A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Profi Les, Laboratory Characteristics and Management of Pyogenic Liver Abscesses in a Chinese Hospital

( Xiao Juan Zhu ),( Shao Hui Wang ),( Ravi Jacob ),( Zhi Ning Fan ),( Fa Ming Zhang ),( Guo Zhong Ji ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Gut and Liver Vol.5 No.2

Background/Aims: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a serious, life threatening condition with a high mortality rate that represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of this study was to collect demographic data and clinical, laboratory and microbiological characteristics of PLA patients treated between 2000 and 2010. We also aimed to collect information regarding our management experience of these cases. Methods: As a retrospective review, 47 patients with PLA in a tertiary referral center were examined to determine their demographic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory, imaging, and microbiologic findings as well as the treatment outcome. Results: Cryptogenic PLA was the most frequently identified type of PLA, while benign biliary tract disease was the most frequently identifi able cause of PLA (18/47 patients; 38.3%). Leukocytosis and elevated alanine transaminase were common laboratory findings and were observed in 35 (74.5%) and 22 (46.8%) patients, respectively. Increased fibrinogen was also detected in 11 of 15 investigated cases (73.3%). Notably, infection-induced thrombocytopenia occurred in 8 patients (17%). Diabetes mellitus was associated with the occurrence of infection induced shock when compared to the non-diabetic group (p<0.05). Patients with two or more comorbid diseases had longer hospitalizations when compared to patients with one comorbid disease or those without comorbidities (p<0.001). The number of days needed to establish diagnosis was correlated with the length of hospitalization (p<0.001). The overall hospital mortality rate was 2.1% (1/47). Conclusions: Characteristics of PLA patients from the past 10 years are presented. The number of days needed to establish a PLA diagnosis was correlated with the length of the hospital stay. The hospital stay of PLA patients can be further improved by early diagnosis and effective treatments during the early stages of PLA progression. (Gut Liver 2011;5:221-227)