송과선과 시상하부에서 동시에 발생한 배아종 1예

정재욱,이진호,이수진,하창영,김종수,정윤석,이관우,김현만 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 적극적 환자 교육이 혈당조절에 미치는 효과

이윤욱,황원선,최선정,이동훈,김도현,이은희,홍은경,노혜림,정윤석,이관우,김현만 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.1

연구배경: 현재까지의 당뇨병 교육에 대한 노력은 제한되었으며, 연구 결과를 보면 식사 조절 교육과 체중 조절 프로그램을 수행한 환자들 중 적극적이고 기간이 긴 교육을 받은 경우, 성공적 결과가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 자가관리나 체중감량 등의 당뇨병 치료의 중요한 목표는 적극적이고 긴 기간의 교육 없이는 시행되기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 외래에서 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 시행할 수 있는 행동 및 식사 교육 등의 적극적 교육 프로그램을 개발하여 제2형 당뇨병 환자들을 대상으로 이들에게 식사 조절 방법에 대한 목표설정과 문제에 직면하였을 때의 해결 방법 등을 교육해서 궁극적으로는 적극적 자아관리에 연결될 수 있도록 도와주는 것을 목적으로 기존의 통상적 교육과 보다 적극적인 교육이 당뇨병 환자의 혈당 조절에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 알아보기 위해 다음과 같은 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 아주대학교 병원 내분비 대사 내과를 처음으로 방문하여 치료받았던 58명의 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 내원 환자들을 무작위하게 추출하여 진찰권 번호 끝자리에 따라 홀수는 통상적 교육군(conventional education group, CE)과 짝수는 적극적 교육군(intensive education group, IE)으로 나누어 교육하고, 3개월후에 교육의 효과를 평가하였다. 결과: 1) 연구 대상자들의 교육 전과 후의 공복혈당, 식후2시간 혈당 및 HbA_lc 치는 IE군과 CE군 모두 각 그룹 내에서, 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). IE군에서는 공복혈당이 12.4nmol/L에서 7.7nmol/L로, 식후2시간 혈당이 20.3nmol/L에서 10.9nmol/L으로, HbA_lc치가 9.4%에서 7.0%로 모두 교육 전에 비하여, 교육 후에 감소(p<0.05)하였고, CE군도 공복혈당은 10.9nmol/L에서 9.4nmol/L로, 식후2시간 혈당은 17.1nmol/L에서 14.6nmol/L으로 HbA_lc가 8.5%에서 7.3%으로 모두 교육 후에 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한, 교육 전에 비하여 교육 후에 공복 혈당 및 HbA_lc치가 감소하는 정도는 IE군에서의 감소가 CE군에 비해 더 현저하였다Op<0.05). 2) 식사에 대한 태도는 3부분으로 나누어 식사에 대한 규칙성, 식사 내용의 균형성, 식사에 대한 태도 등으로 나누어 각각의 점수 및 총점을 비교하였으며 교육 전에 비해 교육 후에 연구 대상자들의 식태도가 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다. 두 그룹간의 차이를 분석한 결과 식사의 균형성 항목에서와 총점에서 유의적으로 두 그룹의 차이를 보여서 IE군에 CE군에 비해 식사의 균형성 측면이 향상되었고, 전체적인 식태도가 좋아졌음을 알 수 있었다(p<0.05). 결론: 비교적 긴 기간은 아니지만 적극적 교육을 받은 당뇨병 환자들이 통상적 교육을 받은 군보다 혈당 및 HbA_lc, 식태도 점수등의 수치의 호전뿐만 아니라 당뇨병 환자의 삶에서 중요한 부분을 차지하는 식사요법 관리 부분에 있어 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. Background: To this date, efforts to develop effective methods for the education of diabetic patients have been limited. The important goal of self-management and weight control for diabetic treatment can not be attained without long and intensive period of education. This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of an intensive educational program, of behavior and diet control, which was carried out on subjects with type 2 diabetes, on and out-patient basis. we compared the effectiveness of an intensive education programme with that of a conventional education programme for the self-management of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected, and allocated to one of two groups. One group received a conventional education programme of self-management(the CE group), and the second group received an intensive education progammes for three months, after which the effectiveness of the programmes were evaluate. Results: 1) The levels of fasting blood sugar(FBS), postprandial 2 hour blood sugar(PP2h) and HbA1c were significantly lowered in both groups following the intervention(p<0.05). In the IE group, the FBS declined from 12.4nmol/L to 7.7nmol/L, PP2h declined from 20.3nmol/L to 10.9nmol/L, and the HbA_lc showed a similar decline from 9.4 to 7.0% after intervention(p<0.05). In the Ce group, the FBS declined from 10.9 to 9.4nmol/l, the PP2h decreased from 17.1 to 14.6nmol/l, and the HbA_lc also decreased from 8.5 to 7.3% after intervention(p<0.05). The decrease in the FBS and HbA_lc following the educational intervention was more pronounced in the IE group than the CE group(p<0.05). 2) The effectiveness of the education programmes in promoting appropriate dietary behavior in the diabetic subjects was assessed by a scoring system in three parts: a regularity score, a balance score and an attitude score. From a comparative study of the three scores, the patients attitudes were observed to be much improved in both the groups following the intervention compared to before the programmes, but the balance and total scores were significantly higher in the IE group than the CE group(p<0.05). Conclusion: We can conclude that the intensive diabetic education programme is more effective than a conventional programme, not only in improving the patients' levels of glucose, HbA_lc, and dietary score, but also the diabetic patients self-control abilities, promoting behavioral change, and prompting problem solving capabilities in respect to the everyday problems that they have to face throughout their lives(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 18:63∼72, 2003).

Oncologic impact of pathologic response on clinical outcome after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

Wook Hyeon Yoon,Hun Jin Kim,Chang Hyun Kim,Jae Kyoon Joo,Young Jin Kim,Hyeong Rok Kim 대한외과학회 2014 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.88 No.1

Purpose: Downstaging after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer usually occurs. The present study aimed to evaluate pathologic y-stage (yp-stage) and its influence on local recurrence and systemic recurrence in rectal cancer patients treated with CRT followed by surgical resection. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 261 patients underwent preoperative CRT and radical resection for rectal cancer between August 2004 and December 2010. Patients received preoperative CRT consisting of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin delivered with concurrent pelvic radiation of 45.0?50.4 ㏉, followed by radical surgery at 6?8 weeks after CRT. Results: Of the 261 patients, 24 (9.2%) had yp-stage 0, 83 (31.8%) had yp-stage I, 86 (32.9%) had yp-stage II, and 68 (26.1%) had yp-stage Ⅲ. Patients with yp-stage Ⅲ had a greater prevalence of preoperative CEA, poorly differentiated tumor, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) than patients with lower yp-stages. We found that yp-stage, preoperative CEA, LVI, PNI and tumor regression grade were significant prognostic factors for both local and systemic recurrence. In multivariate analysis, yp-stage, LVI and PNI were significant factors for local and systemic recurrence. During the median follow-up of 37.5 months, the five-year local recurrence-free survival rate was 100.0%, 95.0%, 89.3%, and 80.6% of yp-stage 0?Ⅲ, respectively. The five-year systemic recurrence-free survival was 95.8%, 75.3%, 71.4%, and 48.8% of yp-stages 0?Ⅲ, respectively. Conclusion: The yp-stage after preoperative CRT for rectal cancer is closely correlated with local and systemic recurrencefree survival. Therefore, yp-stage should be considered as a prognostic factor for rectal cancer patients having a course of preoperative CRT.

Novel buried inverse-trapezoidal micropattern for dual-sided light extracting backlight unit.

Yoon, Gun-Wook,Kim, Hyeon-Don,Yeon, Jeongho,Yoon, Jun-Bo Optical Society of America 2014 Optics express Vol.22 No.26

<P>We devised a novel buried inverse-trapezoidal (BIT) micropattern that can enable light extracting to both front and back sides of the backlight unit (BLU). The proposed BLU comprised of only a single-sheet light-guide plate (LGP) having the BIT micropatterns only on the top surface of the LGP. The proposed BLU shows normal directional light emitting characteristics to both the front and back sides of the LGP and successfully acts as a planer light source for a dual-sided LCD. The proposed BLU has the potential to dramatically reduce the thickness, weight and cost of the dual-sided LCD thanks to its single-sheet nature.</P>

연료분사 노즐 형상이 선박용 중형 디젤 엔진의 NOx에 미치는 영향 연구

윤욱현(Wook-Hyeon Yoon),김병석(Byong-Seok Kim),류승협(Sung-Hyup Ryu),김기두(Ki-Doo Kim),하지수(Ji-Soo Ha) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2005 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Multi-dimensional combustion analysis and experiment has been carried out to investigate the effects of the injector nozzle hole diameter and number on the NOx formation and fuel consumption in HYUNDAI HiMSEN engine. The behavior of spray and combustion phenomena in diesel engine was examined by FIRE code. Wave breakup and Zeldovich models were adopted to describe the atomization characteristics and NOx formation. Wallfilm model suggested by Mundo, et al. and auto-ignition model suggested by Theobald and Cheng were adopted to investigate the spray-wall interaction characteristics and ignition delay. The information of spray angle and spray tip penetration length was extracted from fuel spray visualization experiment and the fuel injection rate profile was extracted from fuel injection system experiment as an input and verification data for the combustion analysis. Next, the nine different nozzle configurations were simulated to evaluate the effect of injector hole diameter and number on the NOx formation and fuel consumption.

발전용 고속디젤엔진의 연소시스템 최적 설계 연구

윤욱현(Wook-Hyeon Yoon),박종일(Jong-Il Park),정성수(Sung-Soo Jung),김대웅(Dae-Woong Kim),하은(Eun Ha) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

Numerical studies on optimal design of combustion system for high-speed diesel engine, which is mainly used for power generation or ship propulsion, have been carried out to meet the target value of fuel oil consumption and IMO(International Maritime Organization) Tier2 NOx regulations. The spray visualization experiment was performed in the constant-volume high-pressure chamber to clarify the numerical results on the spray characteristics of the spray angle and penetration for medium-speed diesel engine having the same bore size. The intake/exhaust valve timing and turbocharger specifications were determined from the results of 1-D performance analysis. The nozzle configurations of the unit injector, fuel injection rate, piston bowl shape and compression ratio were determined from the results of 3-D in-cylinder combustion analysis. The intake swirl port geometry was developed from the results of 3-D flow analysis to improve the rate of fuel-air mixing and the velocity of diffusion flame for the reduction of fuel oil consumption. Finally, engine performance of the combustion system designed by numerical analysis was verified from the experimental results.

1.7 MW급 PPS(Packaged Power Station)에 대한 환기유동 해석

윤욱현(Wook-Hyeon Yoon),하지수(Ji-Soo Ha),이영식(Young-Sik Lee) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2003 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

The computational study of ventilation air flow in 1.7 MW PPS(Packaged Power Station) is carried out to validate the characteristics of heat transfer and flow in container box. To blow the open air into the PPS, four ventilation fans are located in the axial direction and to stop out the noise of a engine and generator, ventilation holes are pierced at the lower part of the inside wall and at the upper part of the outside wall of the container box. The releasing heat sources in container box are generator and engine block. To measure the surface temperature of engine block, infrared camera was used and the temperature of it was applied to boundary conditions. To approximate the heat pickup from the radiator core surface, the heat flux inside the radiator is calculated and added to the energy equation as an energy source terms. Instead of geometrically modeling the fan blades, the momentum generated by the fan is derived and added to the momentum equation as source terms. We analyzed three computational cases with the direction of air flow and recommend case 3 in this study. Also, experiment for case 1 has been carried out and the results are compared with the computational results. Reasonable agreement was found, which suggested that the employed numerical model had its credibility in actual PPS ventilation air flow.

친환경 중속 DF엔진 및 추진시스템 기술

윤욱현(Wook Hyeon Yoon),박현춘(Hyunchun Park),김기훈(Ki Hoon Kim),이용석(Yong Seok Lee),김준철(Jun Cheol Kim),송무환(Moo Hwan Song) 한국가스학회 2020 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

대형 디젤 엔진의 연료 노즐에 따른 3차원 연소특성 연구

윤욱현(Wook-Hyeon Yoon),김기두(Ki-Doo Kim),하지수(Ji-Soo Ha),강상립(Sang-Lip Kang) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2004 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the effect of fuel spray angle on the combustion characteristics of the large diesel engine, 6S90MC-C. Spray and combustion phenomena were examined numerically using FIRE code. Wave breakup and Zeldovich models were adopted to describe the atomization characteristics and NOx formation processes. Predictions on the cylinder peak pressure and NOx emission were first verified with the experimental data to confirm the reliability of numerical calculations. The comparison results showed good agreements within the range of 2 bar and 4.2% respectively. Finally, the effects of fuel spray angle on the engine performance were investigated numerically to find the optimum spray angle considering fuel consumption, NOx emission and heat flux of the combustion chamber wall. It was concluded that the case of the only one injector hole having the opposite direction from swirl was the best one for engine performance.

Experimental Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization by Photodynamic Therapy with Verteporfin

Yoon, Kyung-Chul,Ahn, Kyu,Lee, Song,Kim, Kyung,Im, Seong-Kyu,Oh, Han-Jin,Jeong, In-Young,Park, Sang-Woo,Park, Yeoung-Geol,Nah, Hyeon-Ju,Im, Wook-Bin IRL Press 2006 Current eye research Vol.31 No.3

<P>Purpose : To investigate the anti-angiogenic effects of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in a rabbit model of corneal neovascularization. Methods : One week after suturing, the localization of verteporfin in the neovascularized cornea was examined through fluorescent microscopy 1 hr after administration. Rabbits were treated with one or two times of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin at 1-week intervals. Analysis of corneal neovascularization was performed by biomicroscopic and histological examinations. Results : Fluorescent microscopy showed green fluorescence in the vascular walls and interstitial tissue of the corneal stroma. The mean percentages of neovascularized corneal area at 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks after one time of photodynamic therapy were 90.3% ± 3.5%, 71.6% ± 6.2%, and 43.6% ± 15.1% in treated eyes and 96.4% ± 1.9% (p = 0.10), 88.6% ± 4.6% (p = 0.01), and 76.8% ± 4.4% (p</P>