Generation of Quantum Phase Gates via an Unconventional Geometric Phase Shift in an Ion-Trap System

Ying-Qiao Zhang,Shou Zhang,연규황,Xing-Ri Jin 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.5

We propose a scheme to generate a quantum phase gate via an unconventional geometric phase shift in an ion-trap system. Since the gate time is only related to the frequency of the vibrational mode, the present scheme, based on the resonant interaction of the trapped ions with a standing-wave laser beam, requires a much shorter gate time than the scheme based on the resonant interaction of the atoms and the cavity. Also the heating effect of the vibrational mode is negligible under certain conditions. We propose a scheme to generate a quantum phase gate via an unconventional geometric phase shift in an ion-trap system. Since the gate time is only related to the frequency of the vibrational mode, the present scheme, based on the resonant interaction of the trapped ions with a standing-wave laser beam, requires a much shorter gate time than the scheme based on the resonant interaction of the atoms and the cavity. Also the heating effect of the vibrational mode is negligible under certain conditions.

Orbilia tianmushanensis sp. nov., a new member of the O. luteorubella group with an unusual asexual morph

Ying Zhang,Yunrun Zhang,Jianyong Dong,Xiaoxia He,Min Qiao,Hans-Otto Baral,Ke-Qin Zhang,Zefen Yu 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.1

A new species of Orbilia related to O. luteorubella is described mainly based on morphological characters of its asexual morph and molecular data. The sexual morph does not significantly differ from O. luteorubella, whereas the asexual morph obtained from its ascospore isolate resembles members of the non-predacious genus Dactylella, because it has fusiform phragmoconidia borne singly at the apex of conidiophores. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain clustered with a clade that included available strains of the O. luteorubella aggregate and was distant from all analysed Dactylella species. Within this clade, the new strain fell between species with filiform conidia and those of a Pseudotripoconidium anamorph. By combining morphological and phylogenetic analyses, we conclude that our isolate belongs to a new taxon. Pleomorphism of the new taxon is described and discussed.

Syntrophic Propionate Degradation Response to Temperature Decrease and Microbial Community Shift in an UASB Reactor

( Qiao Ying Ban ),( Jian Zheng Li ),( Li Guo Zhang ),( Ajay Kumar Jha ),( Yu Peng Zhang ),( Bin Ling Ai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Propionate is an important intermediate product during the methane fermentation of organic matter, and its degradation is crucial for maintaining the performance of an anaerobic digester. In order to understand the effect of temperature on propionate degradation, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with synthetic wastewater containing propionate as a sole carbon source was introduced. Under the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h and influent propionate of 2,000 mg/l condition, propionate removal was above 94% at 30-35ºC, whereas propionate conversion was inhibited when temperature was suddenly decreased stepwise from 30ºC to 25ºC, to 20ºC, and then to 18ºC. After a long-term operation, the propionate removal at 25ºC resumed to the value at 30- 35ºC, whereas that at 20ºC and 18ºC was still lower than the value at 35ºC by 8.1% and 20.7%, respectively. Microbial community composition analysis showed that Syntrophobacter and Pelotomaculum were the major propionate-oxidizing bacteria (POB), and most POB had not changed with temperature decrease in the UASB. However, two POB were enriched at 18ºC, indicating they were low temperature tolerant. Methanosaeta and Methanospirillum were the dominant methanogens in this UASB and remained constant during temperature decrease. Although the POB and methanogenic composition hardly changed with temperature decrease, the specific CODPro removal rate of anaerobic sludge (SCRR) was reduced by 21.4%-46.4% compared with the control (35ºC) in this system.

<i>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</i> Exploits CD209 Receptors for Promoting Host Dissemination and Infection

He, Ying-Xia,Ye, Cheng-Lin,Zhang, Pei,Li, Qiao,Park, Chae Gyu,Yang, Kun,Jiang, Ling-Yu,Lv, Yin,Ying, Xiao-Ling,Ding, Hong-Hui,Huang, Hong-Ping,Mambwe Tembo, John,Li, An-Yi,Cheng, Bing,Zhang, Shu-Sheng American Society for Microbiology 2019 Infection and immunity Vol.87 No.1

<P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals.</P><P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals. Although the molecular mechanisms for dissemination and infection are unclear, many Gram-negative enteropathogens presumably invade the small intestine via Peyer’s patches to initiate dissemination. In this study, we demonstrate that <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> utilizes its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core to interact with CD209 receptors, leading to invasion of human dendritic cells (DCs) and murine macrophages. These <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions result in bacterial dissemination to MLNs, spleens, and livers of both wild-type and Peyer’s patch-deficient mice. The blocking of the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions by expression of O-antigen and with oligosaccharides reduces infectivity. Based on the well-documented studies in which HIV-CD209 interaction leads to viral dissemination, we therefore propose an infection route for <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> where this pathogen, after penetrating the intestinal mucosal membrane, hijacks the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interaction antigen-presenting cells to reach their target destinations, MLNs, spleens, and livers.</P>

Teacher`s Gender-Related Beliefs about Mathematics

( Qiao Ping Zhang ),( Ngai Ying Wong ),( Chi Chung Lam ) 한국수학교육학회 2013 수학교육연구 Vol.17 No.3

Mathematics has been stereotyped as a male-dominated subject, and there is considerable evidence to support this belief. There has been much research in the past three decades on gender-related differences in elementary and secondary school mathematics. The re-search found that teachers possess different beliefs about male and female students that influence their teaching behaviour, which then directly or indirectly impact their students` behaviours, beliefs, and achievements in mathematics. Based on data collected from teacher questionnaire surveys in the Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong, this study exam-ines teachers` beliefs about the achievements of boys and girls in mathematics. The study also compares the findings in the two regions surveyed. Results showed that teachers gave more attention to boys than girls, regardless of the teacher`s gender. Not only are teachers more likely to recall more boys than girls, but also more boys than girls with av-erage academic standards.

Preparation of 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 MXene composites by calcination synthesis method for visible light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline

Qiao Le-Le,Zhang Feng-Jun,Kai Chun-Mei,Liu Chao,Wang Ying-Rui,Oh Won-Chun 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.5

In this work, an ultrathin 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 heterojunction was synthesized by direct calcination of a mixture of urea and multilayer Ti3C2 for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline. Among them, urea is the precursor for the generation of g-C3N4 and generates gas to peel the multilayer Ti3C2 into fewer layers while reacting, solving the problem of low yield for the preparation of fewer layers of Ti3C2. The experimental results of tetracycline degradation under visible light showed that pure g-C3N4 (UCN) exhibited weak photoactivity; however, its photocatalytic performance was enhanced when Ti3C2 was coupled with g-C3N4. The best sample (5TC) could degrade 90.1% of tetracycline within 30 min. After four cycles of stability test, the photocatalytic performance did not change significantly, indicating that the prepared 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 heterojunction possesses strong photocatalytic performance along with good stability.

Anterior Gradient 3 Promotes Breast Cancer Development and Chemotherapy Response

Qiao Xu,Ying Shao,Jinman Zhang,Huikun Zhang,Yawen Zhao,Xiaoli Liu,Zhifang Guo,Wei Chong,Feng Gu,Yongjie Ma 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.1

Purpose Anterior gradient 3 (AGR3) belongs to human anterior gradient (AGR) family. The function of AGR3 on cancer remains unknown. This research aimed to investigate if AGR3 had prognostic values in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of breast cancer and could promote tumor progression. Materials and Methods AGR3 expression was detected in breast benign lesions, ductal carcinoma in situ and IDC by immunohistochemistry analysis. AGR3’s correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis of IDC patients were analyzed. By cell function experiments, collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test and cytotoxic analysis, AGR3’s impacts on proliferation, invasion ability, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of breast cancer cells were also detected. Results AGR3 was up-regulated in luminal subtype of histological grade I-II of IDC patients and positively correlated with high risks of recurrence and distant metastasis. AGR3 high expression could lead to bone or liver metastasis and predict poor prognosis of luminal B. In cell lines, AGR3 could promote proliferation and invasion ability of breast cancer cells which were consistent with clinical analysis. Besides, AGR3 could indicate poor prognosis of breast cancer patients treated with taxane but a favorable prognosis with 5-fluoropyrimidines. And breast cancer cells with AGR3 high expression were resistant to taxane but sensitive to 5-fluoropyrimidines. Conclusion AGR3 might be a potential prognostic indicator in luminal B subtype of IDC patients of histological grade I-II. And patients with AGR3 high expression should be treated with chemotherapy regimens consisting of 5-fluoropyrimidines but no taxane.

mRNA Expression of Ovine Angiopoietin-like Protein 4 Gene in Adipose Tissues

Zhang, Jing,Jing, Jiong-Jie,Jia, Xia-Li,Qiao, Li-Ying,Liu, Jian-Hua,Liang, Chen,Liu, Wen-Zhong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is involved in a variety of functions, including lipoprotein metabolism and angiogenesis. To reveal the role of ANGPTL4 in fat metabolism of sheep, ovine ANGPTL4 mRNA expression was analyzed in seven adipose tissues from two breeds with distinct tail types. Forty-eight animals with the gender ratio of 1:1 for both Guangling Large Tailed (GLT) and Small Tailed Han (STH) sheep were slaughtered at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age, respectively. Adipose tissues were collected from greater and lesser omental, subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, perirenal, mesenteric, and tail fats. Ontogenetic mRNA expression of ANGPTL4 in these adipose tissues from GTL and STH was studied by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that ANGPTL4 mRNA expressed in all adipose tissues studied with the highest in subcutaneous and the lowest in mesenteric fat depots. Months of age, tissue and breed are the main factors that significantly influence the mRNA expression. These results provide new insights into ovine ANGPTL4 gene expression and clues for its function mechanism.

Olanzapine May Inhibit Colonic Motility Associated with the 5-HT Receptor and Myosin Light Chain Kinase

Jiarui Zhang,Ying Qiao,Jingjing Le,Daliang Sun,Yangtai Guan,Zezhi Li 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.2

ObjectiveaaTo study whether the effects of olanzapine on gastrointestinal motility is related to the serotonin antagonism and myosin light chain kinase. MethodsaaMale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Olanzapine gavage was performed for each treatment group during the course of 30 continuous days, while the same volume of saline was given to the rats in the control group. Defecation of the rats was observed on days 7 and 30 after olanzapine gavage. The effects of olanzapine on contraction of colonic smooth muscles were observed in ex vivo experiments. A Western blot was used to evaluate expression levels of the serotonin transporter (SERT) and MLCK in colon segments of the rats. ResultsaaCompared to the control group, 5–160 μM of olanzapine could inhibit dose-dependently the contraction of colonic smooth muscle ex vivo experiments. The maximum smooth muscle contraction effects of 5-HT and acetylcholine significantly decreased after treatment with 40–160 μM of olanzapine. Constipation was found in the olanzapine-treated rats on day 7 and have sustained day 30 after gavage. Expression of MLCK in olanzapine-treated rats was significantly decreased, whereas the expression of SERT significantly increased on the day 7, then significantly decreased on the day 30 after olanzapine gavage. ConclusionaaSERT and MLCK may involve in the inhibition of colonic contraction induced by olanzapine.

Succession of the Nanoplankton Community during a Brown Tide in a Scallop Culture Area in China

Ling Qiao,Jie Yu,Ying Li,Haobing Guo,Yu Zhen,Lingling Zhang,Tiezhu Mi,Fuchong Zhang,Zhenmin Bao 한국해양과학기술원 2019 Ocean science journal Vol.54 No.3

Brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens have occurred frequently in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao since 2009. The Changli coast is the area most strongly affected by the brown tides, which result in significant economic losses and serious ecological harm. To understand the effects of brown tides on nanoplankton diversity and biomass, samples were collected from May to July in 2012 at station XKK, which is approximately 0.2 nautical miles off the Changli coast. The V9 region of the 18S rDNA gene was used as a marker and was analyzed by Illumina sequencing to assess the nanoplankton diversity and biomass, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to analyze the temporal variations in the copy concentrations of the 18S rDNA of nanoplankton. The results showed that nanoplankton diversity, as determined by the Shannon index, decreased from May to June and increased in July. Illumina sequencing analysis revealed that the plankton community differed among the samples from May to July, and over this period, the dominant phytoplankton groups changed from pelagophytes to chlorophytes. Sufficient nutrients and low grazing pressure by zooplankton and scallops accelerated the growth of small-celled phytoplankton. A. anophagefferens was the most dominant phytoplankton species, with an 18S rDNA maximum copy concentration detected on 26 June, followed by Micromonas sp. and Bathycoccus prasinos, with maximum copy concentrations observed on 3 July. Ciliophora, Arthropoda and Cercozoa were the dominant taxa of the local zooplankton community. The Ciliophora and Arthropoda biomasses decreased, and the Cercozoa biomass increased when the copy concentration of A. anophagefferens peaked on 26 June. We suspect that A. anophagefferens had a significantly negative effect on the growth of Ciliophora and Arthropoda and could be ingested by Cercozoa to promote its proliferation. The small and low-abundance plankton that are likely missed in microscopic and clone library analyses could be detected using Illumina sequencing and qPCR, which provide an effective method for a comprehensive analysis of the plankton community.