http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
수도권 대체항만으로서 평택항 개발에 관한 연구 : 평택항 5-8번 선석의 경우 With Particular Reference to Port of Pyungtaek
조찬혁,최태영 국제무역학회 2004 국제무역연구 Vol.10 No.2
평택항의 5-8번 선석 개발을 계기로 평택항의 장래 개발수요와 추이에 대해서 보다 많은 관심을 가질 필요가 있다. 평택항의 컨테이너 부두 개발계획도 수요와 주변 여건 차원에서 면밀한 검토가 있어야 할 것이다. 다시 한번 평택항의 개발여건을 차분하게 검토해서 중장기적 개발을 추진하는 것이 바람직하며 필요한 문제들을 면밀히 따져 필요한 조치를 취하는 것이 필요하다. 더욱이 평택항 5-8번 선석은 우리나라에서는 드물게 평택시, 경기도 등 공공부분이 운영에 참여한 특별한 사례여서 주목된다. 여기에서는 평택항의 성장 동인과 잠재 여건, 향후 추이 등에 관하여 살펴보고 5-8번 부두 운영시 공공운영참여의 타당성, 항만의 개발 전망과 방향을 검토함으로써 향후 수도권 물류체제 개선에 도움이 되고자 한다. The volume of containers originated from Seoul Metropolitan Area is likely to increase significantly for the time being. For this reason, Korean government is constructing new container berths(no.5-8) at East Port of Pyungtaek. One special feature in port operation is to include public sectors such as Pungtaek City and Kyungki-Do to harmonize private and public aspect as much as possible. This article examines the future development prospect of Port of Pyungtaek and presents some of the empirical results of shipper responses. This research also evaluates the importance of public sector participation in the operation of new container berths.
Cho, Jung Sun,Youn, Ho-Joong,Her, Sung-Ho,Park, Maen Won,Kim, Chan Joon,Park, Gyung-Min,Jeong, Myung Ho,Cho, Jae Yeong,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Kye Hun,Park, Jong Chun,Seung, Ki Bae,Cho, Myeong Chan,Kim, C The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.30 No.7
<P>The prognostic value of the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been questioned even though it is an accurate marker of left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the prognostic impact of LVEF in patients with AMI with or without high-grade mitral regurgitation (MR). A total of 15,097 patients with AMI who received echocardiography were registered in the Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) between January 2005 and July 2011. Patients with low-grade MR (grades 0-2) and high-grade MR (grades 3-4) were divided into the following two sub-groups according to LVEF: LVEF ≤ 40% (n = 2,422 and 197, respectively) and LVEF > 40% (n = 12,252 and 226, respectively). The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiac death, and all-cause death during the first year after registration. Independent predictors of mortality in the multivariate analysis in AMI patients with low-grade MR were age ≥ 75 yr, Killip class ≥ III, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide > 4,000 pg/mL, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥ 2.59 mg/L, LVEF ≤ 40%, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, PCI was an independent predictor in AMI patients with high-grade MR. No differences in primary endpoints between AMI patients with high-grade MR (grades 3-4) and EF ≤ 40% or EF > 40% were noted. MR is a predictor of a poor outcome regardless of ejection fraction. LVEF is an inadequate method to evaluate contractile function of the ischemic heart in the face of significant MR.</P>
Jae Yeong Cho,Dong-Hyuk Cho,Jong-Chan Youn,Darae Kim,Sang Min Park,Mi-Hyang Jung,Junho Hyun,Jimi Choi,Hyun-Jai Cho,Seong-Mi Park,Jin-Oh Choi,Wook-Jin Chung,Byung-Su Yoo,Seok-Min Kang 대한심장학회 2023 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.53 No.4
The Korean Society of Heart Failure guidelines aim to provide physicians with evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and managing patients with heart failure (HF). In Korea, the prevalence of HF has been rapidly increasing in the last 10 years. HF has recently been classified into HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF), HF with mildly reduced EF, and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). Moreover, the availability of newer therapeutic agents has led to an increased emphasis on the appropriate diagnosis of HFpEF. Accordingly, this part of the guidelines will mainly cover the definition, epidemiology, and diagnosis of HF.
Korean Society of Heart Failure Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure: Treatment
Jong-Chan Youn,Darae Kim,Jae Yeong Cho,Dong-Hyuk Cho,Sang Min Park,Mi-Hyang Jung,Junho Hyun,Hyun-Jai Cho,Seong-Mi Park,Jin-Oh Choi,Wook-Jin Chung,Byung-Su Yoo,Seok-Min Kang 대한심장학회 2023 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.53 No.4
The Korean Society of Heart Failure (KSHF) guidelines aim to provide physicians with evidence-based recommendations for the management of patients with heart failure (HF). After the first introduction of the KSHF guidelines in 2016, newer therapies for HF with reduced ejection fraction, HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction, and HF with preserved ejection fraction have since emerged. The current version has been updated based on international guidelines and research data on Korean patients with HF. Herein, we present Part II of these guidelines, which comprises treatment strategies to improve the outcomes of patients with HF.
강원도 남부지역에서 소나무림 벌채 후 초기 종조성 변화
조용찬 ( Yong Chan Cho ),김준수 ( Jun Soo Kim ),이창석 ( Chang Seok Lee ),조현제 ( Hyun Je Cho ),이호영 ( Ho Yeong Lee ),배관호 ( Kwan Ho Bae ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.2
강원도 남부 지역의 발달단계가 다른 소나무림 벌채지에서 16년 동안의 식생 변화를 연구하였다. 교란 후, 천이 궤적 및 환경 변화를 온도, 상대습도, 서열분석(Detrended Correspondence Analysis, DCA), Multiple Responses Permutation Procedure(MRPP) 및 지표종 분석(Indicator Species Analysis, ISPAN) 등을 통하여 분석하였다. 벌채 직후, 수관열림도는 대조구와 비교하여 세 배(1yr 68.3% 및 R1 23.0%)로 급격히 증가한 후 감소하였으나, 상대습도는 비교적 작은 변화(약 6% 감소)를 나타내었다. DCA 결과, 벌채 후 초기에는 종조성이 이질적으로 변화하였으나, 점차 벌채 이전(대조구)의 것과 유사하게 발달하였다. MRPP 결과, 각 발달 단계(1yr, 3yr, 10yr 및 16yr)의 종 조성은 대조구(R1, R3, R10 및 R16)의 것과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 1yr 및 3yr에서는 목본성 종이, 10yr 및 16yr에서는 초본 종들이 주요 종으로 분석되어, 교란 직후에는 목본성 종들이 활발한 재생을 나타내며, 이후 초본 식생이 발달하는 것을 보였다. 연구 대상지역의 천이는 초기 식물상 조성 모델로 설명할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Vegetation changes were studied for 16 yr in clearcut logged Pinus densiflora forests in the southern Gangwon-do province in Korea by applying chronosequence approach. Ambient temperature and relative humidity, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Multiple Responses Permutation Procedure (MRPP), Indicator Species Analysis (ISPAN) were used to examine successional trajectory and compositional changes. After clearcutting, canopy openness was increased abruptly at three folds (1yr 68.3% and R1 23.0%) and then decreased, but relative moisture was slightly decreased (6%) compare to control site. In the result of DCA, right after clear cutting, vegetation composition was developed heterogeneously compared to control sites, and then approached to control sites within 16 years. Based on MRPP, species composition of each developmental stages (1yr, 3yr, 10yr and 16yr) revealed signigicant differences to that of control vegetation (R1, R3, R10 and R16). Indicator species in 1yr and 3yr samples included various woody species rather than herbaceous species, but in 10yr and 16yr, herbaceous were more abundant. Earlier succession of pine forests likely can explain to Initial Floristic Composition (IFC) Model.
Cho, Dong-Hee,Nam, Hyang-Mi,Kim, Jong-Wan,Heo, Eun-Jeong,Cho, Yun-Sang,Hwang, In-Yeong,Kim, Jae-Myung,Kim, Jong-Man,Jung, Suk-Chan The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2007 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.30 No.2
The tube agglutination test has been used for bovine brucellosis diagnosis in Korea since middle 1950s. The reported high specificity was its value in eradication program. However, the reading of reaction mostly depends on personal experience, thus here we report a way to improve accuracy and uniformity of reading. The tube agglutination was conducted according to the protocol provided by Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The intensity of reaction was measured by spectrophotometer. The relationship between turbidity and percentage clearing was generally in direct proportion and linear. The correspondent percent transmittance at 75, 50, and 25% clearing were 91, 82, and 73, respectively. Then, the degree of percentage of clearing at given international unit was measured. With about 1.5 unit of serum, the maximum percentage clearing was observed. The international unit showing 25, 50, and 75 percentage clearing were 0.61, 0.83 and 1.35, respectively. Based on the information obtained using international standard serum, the calculation of international unit of test serum was available. According to the protocol for bovine brucellosis diagnosis which provided by Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the available range of detectable international unit was between 15 and 538. And the corresponding international units for suspicious case ranged between 42 and 127. Of the 35 sera from B abortus infected cattle, about half of them had more than 538 international units. Collectively, the reading of turbidity using spectrophotometer and application to international unit improved accuracy and uniformity of reading.