Comparison of stomach microRNA transcriptomes of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs by deep sequencing

Wen‑kui Sun,Yanyue Li,Chi Cheng,Yi‑hui Chen,Kai Zeng,Xiaohui Chen,Yiren Gu,Rui Liu,Xuebin Lv,Rong Gao 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.9

MiRNAs regulate the expression of target genes in diverse cellular processes and hence play important roles in different physiological processes, yet little is known about the stomach microRNAome (miRNAome) of the Tibetan pig. The objective of this experiment was to investigate differentially expressed stomach miRNAs participating in digestion. Firstly, we isolated total RNA by Trizol reagent from three Tibetan and three Yorkshire purebred pigs stomach samples at 90-day-old. Secondly, a comprehensive analysis of Tibetan and Yorkshire pig stomach miRNAomes was performed by small RNA sequencing in the Illumina HiSeq 2000 system. Finally, SYBR Green Real-time RT-PCR was performed to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs. We identified 318 unique miRNAs, 260 were co-expressed in both libraries, 17 and 31 miRNAs were specifically expressed in Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs respectively. Fifty six differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by the identifying differentially expressed genes 6 (IDEG6). Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis revealed that some of the differentially expressed miRNAs were associated with protein and fat digestion. Two differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-214-3p and ssc-un39) participating in the digestion of lipid were identified. Additionally, qRT-PCR results suggested that a higher expression of miR-214-3p in the Tibetan pig stomach could lead to relatively lower expression of calcium-dependent phospholipase A2, which is an enzyme important for the digestion of glycerol phospholipid. This study has delineated the different stomach miRNAs expression patterns of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs, which would help explain the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in digestion of Tibetan pigs, and contribute to utilize a the unique digestion merits of Tibetan pig in future porcine hybridization breeding.

Investigation of Cu Interlayer on Joint Formation of Ti/Mg Bimetal Fabricated by Liquid–Solid Compound Casting Process

Fulin Wen,Jianhua Zhao,Kaiqing Feng,Miaowang Yuan,Dengzhi Zheng,Cheng Gu,Bei Xu 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

In this paper, TC4/AZ91D bimetallic composites has been prepared by liquid–solid compound casting process adaptingvarious thickness of Cu coating. The effects of Cu coating thickness on the evolution of interface microstructures and jointmechanical properties are investigated. The results indicate that metallurgical bonded joints are obtained with Cu coatingthickness ranging from 36.7 to 51.4 μm. With the increase of Cu coating thickness, the interface microstructure evolvesfrom δ-Mg + Mg2Cueutectic structure to Mg–Cu intermetallic compound (IMC) Cu2Mg+ Mg2Cuand Mg–Al–Cu ternaryintermetallic compound. The calculation results of formation enthalpy and chemical potential of Mg–Al–Cu system suggestthat Cu element prefers to react with Mg element and formed Mg–Cu IMC. In particular, when Cu coating thickness reaches36.7 μm, the average shear strength of the bimetal reaches a maximum of 65.3 MPa. Further increasing Cu coating thicknessleads to the generation of thick Mg2CuIMC layer and Mg2Cu+ Cu2Mgmixed IMC layer which are proved to be harmful tothe shear strength of TC4/AZ91D bimetals. All the fracture surfaces of the bimetallic composites exhibite to have a brittlefracture morphology. However, the fracture location is different with each other. For Cu coating thickness of 36.7 μm, theinterface fractures at the δ-Mg + Mg2Cueutectic structure, while the interface fractures at the Cu2Mg+ Mg–Al–Cu ternaryintermetallic layers when Cu coating thickness is 44.2 μm and 51.4 μm.

《紅樓夢》特色詞語近親探源

董文成 중국어문연구회 2001 中國語文論叢 Vol.20 No.-

≪홍루몽≫ 은 작자 조설근의 독창적 이미지의 창출로 인하여 고금의 독자들로부터 크게 환영받고 있는데, 그러한 특징적인 이미지가 사실은 중국 고전의 발전적 계승이라는 면에서 작가의 폭넓은 고전 지식과 함께 소설 창작의 뛰어난 기교를 드러낸다고 할 수 있다. 본고에서는 특히 명말청초에 일세를 풍미했 던 재자가인소설과 염정소설 속에서 이미 부분적으로 활용되었던 이미지들이 ≪홍루몽≫속에서 어떻게 수준높은 이미지로 재창출되었는가를 다음과 같이 구체적인 예증을 들어 밝혀주고 있다 1. 작품 속의 두 여주인공 설보차와 임대옥의 이미지로 자리매김한 '山中高士晶□雪'과 '世外仙□寂□林'의 시구는 명초 高啓의 시에 그 근원을 두고 있지만 사실은 청초의 염정소설 ≪濃情快史≫ 에서 이미 구체적으로 사용된 바 있다. 2. 주인공 가보옥과 임대옥의 애틋한 감정이 구체적으로 표현되고 있는 제19회의 회목 '情切切良育花解語, 意綿綿靜日玉生香'의 이미지는 ≪金□梅詞話≫에서 사용한 시구에서 이미 사용되고 있다. 3 임대옥의 이미지를 가장 잘 드러내는 특징 언어의 하나로 花魂이 있는데 작가가 그녀를 묘사할 때나 그녀 스스로 지은 <葬花詞>에서 이 말을 사용하고 있다. 하지만 청초에 유행한≪금운□전≫≪春燈關≫, ≪巫山□史≫등의 작품 속에서 이미 만들어져 있었음을 확인하였다. 4. ≪홍루몽≫ 첫 회의 유래고사에는 女□신화를 이용하면서 補天遣石 하나가 大流山 靑漢峰에 버려지게 되었다고 하였는데 脂硯齋 평어에서 이미 靑□은 이와 발음이 동일한 情根의 의미를 가졌다고 지적한 바 있다. 오늘날 이 구절은 ≪홍루몽≫의 독특한 이미지의 구축에 결정적인 역할을 하고 있지만 사실 청초 順治, 康熙연간에 나온 ≪桃花影≫, ≪□花叢≫, ≪巫山□史≫, ≪春燈□≫등에서 자주 사용되어 왔음을 확인할 수 있다. 5. 유래고사에 나오는 대황산에 버려진 □石은 주인공 가보옥의 삶의 원형으로서 一僧一道에 의해 통령보옥으로 환생되어 ≪홍루몽≫ 만이 가진 독특한 예술 이미지를 창출한 특별한 어휘라고 할 수 있는데 사실 청초 염정소설 ≪杏花天≫ 과 ≪春燈□≫ 등에서 이를 사용한 바 있다. 6. ≪홍루몽≫의 또 다른 이름으로 작자 스스로 제시한 이름 중에 "金陵十二□"가 있는데 가보옥의 '夢遊太虛濾境'에서 그 구체적인 내용이 드러나고 있다. 十二□는 열두 명의 여성을 의미하기도 하지만 고전에서 매우 많은 젊은 여성을 가리키는 말로 쓰여왔음을 지적하면서 淸初의 ≪杏花精天≫ 에서 그 용례를 찾고 있다. (整理 崔溶澈) [筆者紹介] □文成, 1941년 출생, 1966년 遼寧大學 졸업, 1981년이후 遼寧大學교수, 전공은 明淸소설과 滿洲族문학연구, 著書에 ≪淸代文學論橋≫, ≪滿族文學精華≫, ≪近現代紅學集思≫등이 있음.

Enhancing Astaxanthin Accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis by Coupled Light Intensity and Nitrogen Starvation in Column Photobioreactors

( Wen-wen Zhang ),( Xue-fei Zhou ),( Ya-lei Zhang ),( Peng-fei Cheng ),( Rui Ma ),( Wen-long Cheng ),( Hua-qiang Chu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.12

Natural astaxanthin mainly derives from a microalgae producer, Haematococcus pluvialis. The induction of nitrogen starvation and high light intensity is particularly significant for boosting astaxanthin production. However, the different responses to light intensity and nitrogen starvation needed to be analyzed for biomass growth and astaxanthin accumulation. The results showed that the highest level of astaxanthin production was achieved in nitrogen starvation, and was 1.64 times higher than the control group at 11 days. With regard to the optimization of light intensity utilization, it was at 200 μmo/m2/s under nitrogen starvation that the highest astaxanthin productivity per light intensity was achieved. In addition, both high light intensity and a nitrogen source had significant effects on multiple indicators. For example, high light intensity had a greater significant effect than a nitrogen source on biomass dry weight, astaxanthin yield and astaxanthin productivity; in contrast, nitrogen starvation was more beneficial for enhancing astaxanthin content per dry weight biomass. The data indicate that high light intensity synergizes with nitrogen starvation to stimulate the biosynthesis of astaxanthin.

Carbon black sintering effects on the composition of multiphase calcium phosphate bioceramics

Wen-Cheng Chen,Chien-Ping Ju,Wen-Hsien Cheng,Jiin-Huey Chern Lin 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2013 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.14 No.3

The presence of carbonate (CO3 2-) combined with calcium phosphates has been believed to increase the susceptibility of natural bone formation. This study was carried out to investigate the thermal properties of apatite in nano scale precipitates with added carbon black that could act as a sintering inhibitor and a carbonate preserver. In addition, the present study aimed to determine the effects of those additives and analyze their chemical compositions. Ceramics processed at different heating temperatures were compared and characterized. The results showed that a multiphase ceramic of apatite-calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-calcium oxide (CaO) was formed in a temperature range of 600 to 800 ο C. By observing the morphologies of the ceramics, the addition of carbon black which acts as a carbonate supplier in the heating processes and further as an inhibitor to prevent the sintering effect of the nano scale particles in sub-micro range efficiently at 1400 ο C were established.

Tight-Binding Theory for Coupling Asymmetric Photonic Crystal Waveguides

Szu-Cheng Cheng,Chih-Hsien Huang,Wen-Feng Hsieh 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2

The physical properties of asymmetric photonic-crystal directional couplers are studied under the tight-binding model, which asumes that the field distribution of photonic-crystal waveguides is localized around periodic defects. The couplings of nearby defects betwen two asymmetric waveguides cause two dispersion relations to split further whereas the couplings of nearby defects within an individual waveguide cause the sinusoidal modulations of the dispersion curves. The field-envelope distributions of the coupler are expresed by using the eigenmodes of the tight- binding equations and are consistent with the comparing results from nite-dierence time-domain simulations.

From an Authoritarian Party-State to a Democratic and Competitive Party System

Wu, Wen Cheng 서강대학교 동아연구소 1988 東亞 硏究 Vol.- No.15

Fractional Dynamics of the Spontaneous Emission of an Atom in Photonic Crystals

Szu-Cheng Cheng,Ming-Rung Tsai,Wen-Feng Hsieh 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2

We studied the spontaneous emision of an atom in a photonic crystal with an isotropic band structure. We show that a fractal phenomenon induces the long-timememoryof the spontaneous emision in the photonic crystal. The natural mathematics of describing the fractal phenomenon is fractional calculus. From fractional calculus, we show that no multiple-valued problem and no fractionalized steady-state inversion was encountered in the previous study [J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclas. Opt. 5, R43 (203)] when the atomic transition frequency was within the allowed band.

Shorter Distance Between the Nodule and Capsule has Greater Risk of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Wang, Qiu-Cheng,Cheng, Wen,Wen, Xin,Li, Jie-Bing,Jing, Hui,Nie, Chun-Lei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between different sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on high-frequency ultrasound and cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 548 patients who underwent initial surgery for PTC between May 2011 and December 2012 in our hospital at diagnosis. The sonographic features of 513 PTC nodules in 513 eligible patients, who had single PTC nodules in their thyroid glands, were retrospectively investigated. All patients with a suspect malignant nodule (d<0.5cm) among multiple nodules were initially diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to ascertain if the suspect nodule was PTC. The final diagnosis of all the thyroid nodules and existence of CLNM were based on postoperative pathology. Patients were divided into two groups: a positive group with CLNM (224 nodules) and a negative group without CLNM (289 nodules). The following factors were investigated: gender, age, echogenicity, echotexture, size, shape, location, margin, contour, calcification morphology, distance between the nodule and pre- or post-border of the thyroid capsule, vascularity and the differences between the two groups. Results: Correlation analysis showed that shorter distances between the nodule and pre- or postborder of thyroid capsule resulted in greater risk of CLNM (Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.22, p<0.0001). The significant factors in multivariate analysis were age<45yrs, larger size (d>1cm), "wider than tall" shape, extrathyroid extension and mixed flow (internal and peripheral) (p<0.05, OR=0.406, 2.093, 0.461, 1.610, 1.322). Conclusions: Significant sonographic features of PTC nodules in preoperative high-frequency ultrasound are crucial for predicting CLNM.

Red Bean Extract Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Wen-Wan Chao,Yun-Chin Chung,I-Ping Shih,Hsun-Yen Wang,Su-Tze Chou,Cheng-Kuang Hsu 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.7

Red bean (Phaseolus radiatus L. var. Aurea) is a leguminous seed and mainly used as one of the popular ingredients in oriental desserts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of 50 g/kg ethanolic extract of red bean (RBE) by measuring lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expressions of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity of RBE was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method and comet assay using H2O2-induced macrophages. The results showed that RBE at the concentrations of 50–200 μg/mL can significantly suppress the inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages through the reduction of cellular NO and downregulation of the gene expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, RBE can diminish H2O2-induced oxidative damage in RAW 264.7 macrophage. Phenolic compounds and cyanidin-3-Oglucoside from BRE may have efficacy as overall in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Red bean exerts an antiinflammatory response and has potential as a health-promoting ingredient.