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Two Types of Voltage-activated Calcium Currents in Goldfish Horizontal Cells
Sun-Sook Paik,Sun-Ho Bai,Chang-Sub Jung 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.5
In horizontal cells (HCs) that were freshly dissociated from goldfish retina, two types of voltage- dependent calcium currents (I<SUB>Ca</SUB>) were recorded using a patch-clamping configuration: a transient type current and a sustained type current. The cell was held at 40 mV, and the prepulse step of 90 mV was applied before command pulse between 65 and 55 mV. The transient Ca<SUP>2</SUP> current was activated by depolarization to around 50 mV from a prepulse voltage of 90 mV lasting at least 400 ms and reached a maximal value near 25 mV. On the other hand, the sustained Ca<SUP>2</SUP> current was induced by pre-inactivation for less than 10 ms duration. Its activation started near 10 mV and peaked at 20 mV. Co<SUP>2</SUP> (2 mM) suppressed both of these two components, but nifedipine (20μM), L-type Ca<SUP>2</SUP> channel antagonist, blocked only the sustained current. Based on the activation voltage and the pharmacological specificity, the sustained current appears to be similar to L-type I<SUB>Ca</SUB> and the transient type to T-type I<SUB>Ca</SUB>. This study is the first to confirm that transient type I<SUB>Ca</SUB> together with the sustained one is present in HCs dissociated from goldfish retina.
Two Types of Voltage-activated Calcium Currents in Goldfish Horizontal Cells
Paik, Sun-Sook,Bai, Sun-Ho,Jung, Chang-Sub The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.5
In horizontal cells (HCs) that were freshly dissociated from goldfish retina, two types of voltagedependent calcium currents ($I_{Ca}$) were recorded using a patch-clamping configuration: a transient type current and a sustained type current. The cell was held at -40 mV, and the prepulse step of -90 mV was applied before command pulse between -65 and +55 mV. The transient $Ca^{2+}$ current was activated by depolarization to around -50 mV from a prepulse voltage of -90 mV lasting at least 400 ms and reached a maximal value near -25 mV. On the other hand, the sustained $Ca^{2+}$ current was induced by pre-inactivation for less than 10 ms duration. Its activation started near -10 mV and peaked at +20 mV. $Co^{2+}$ (2 mM) suppressed both of these two components, but nifedipine ($20{\mu}M$), L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel antagonist, blocked only the sustained current. Based on the activation voltage and the pharmacolog$I_{Ca}$l specificity, the sustained current appears to be similar to L-type $I_{Ca}$ and the transient type to T-type $I_{Ca}$. This study is the first to confirm that transient type $I_{Ca}$ together with the sustained one is present in HCs dissociated from goldfish retina.
Pill Sun Paik,Nam Sun Paik,Eun Sook Lee,Jung Eun Choi,Joon Jeong,Hyun Jo Youn,Chang Ik Yoon,Soo Youn Bae,Tae-Kyung Yoo,Korean Breast Cancer Society 대한외과학회 2022 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.102 No.6
Purpose: Microinvasive breast cancer (MIBC) is an invasive carcinoma with a tumor dimension not exceeding 1 mm. Owing to its low incidence, the rate of axillary node metastasis and its management are not well established. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and identify variables associated with LNM, as well as to evaluate the need for axillary staging in MIBC patients by analyzing nationwide data. Methods: The Korean Breast Cancer Society registry was searched to identify MIBC patients diagnosed between January 1996 and April 2020. Patients without neoadjuvant chemotherapy experiences, systemic metastasis, and missing or discordant data were eligible for the analysis. The incidence rate of LNM was determined, and variables associated with LNM were identified by multivariable regression analysis. Results: Of 2,427 MIBC patients identified, 98 (4.0%) had LNM and 12 (0.5%) had N2/3 disease. Type of breast operation (odds ratio [OR], 2.093; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.332–3.290; P = 0.001), age (OR, 2.091; 95% CI, 1.326–3.298; P = 0.002), hormone receptor status (OR, 2.220; 95% CI, 1.372–3.594; P = 0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (OR, 11.143; 95% CI, 6.354–19.540; P < 0.001) were significantly related to LNM. Conclusion: The incidence of LNM in MIBC patients was only 4.0% in our study, suggesting that de-escalation of axillary surgical interventions could be carefully considered. The indications for axillary staging should be individualized considering tumor volume, age, hormone receptor status, and lymphovascular invasion to improve the quality of life of MIBC survivors.
Determination of blood concentration of higenamine by high pressure liquid chromatography
Park, Sun-Oak,Hong, Chang-Yee,Paik, Seung-Whan,YunChoi, Hye-Sook The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1987 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.10 No.1
A procedure utilizing high pressure liquid chroatography coupled with UV detection is described for the determination of blood concentration of higenamine. Deproteinized serum was pretreated with$C_{18}$(Sep-pak $C_{18}$ cartridge) and the 70% EtOH eluent was applied onto a reversed-phase column ($\mu$ Bondapak $C_{18}]$) with a 15% acetonitrile in 0.05 N $NaH_2$$PO_4$-trichloroacetic acid mixed buffer (pH 2.8) as a mobile phase. With the UV detection at 232 nm, the retention times of higenamine and 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydropapaveroline, an internal standard, were 5.2 min and 3.9 min respectively. The blood concentration of higenamine was meausred at regular intervals after i. v. injection of higenamine to rabbit. A drastic decrease in higenamine concentration to 30% of the maximum value obtained immediately after the injection, was observed during the first 1-2 min period and thereafter the rate of decrease was slowed down. The analytical result seemed to coincide with the pharmacological effect of higenamine exerting the maximum chronotropic and hypotensive effect at the completion of the injections which were progressively recovered.
Anti-Helicobacter pylori, Cytotoxic, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of White Ginseng Extract
Hee-Sook Jee,Kyung-Hoon Chang,Sun-Hee Moon,Se-Ho Park,Hyun-Dong Paik 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.5
The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of white ginseng extract (WGE) were investigated in vitro in this study. The antimicrobial effects of WGE toward H. pylori strains 52 J99, SSI, and 51 were tested using the disk diffusion method. Among these H. pylori strains, H. pylori 52 was the most sensitive, having the largest inhibition zone (19 mm), followed by J99, SSI, and 51. The zone of inhibition due to WGE increased significantly with increasing dosage. The cytotoxicity of WGE toward the human cancer cell lines A-549 (human lung carcinoma), HEC-1-B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human uterin adenocarcinoma), and SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylate-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. WGE exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell growth at 2.0 mg/mL for all tumor cell lines. An analysis of anti-inflammatory activity using the RAW 264.7 cell line showed that the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production increased as the WGE content increased. These results demonstrate the potential of WGE to be used as a health-promoting substance.
입원환자의 의료질 향상(QI)을 위한 입원생활 안내문의 효과
박선경 ( Sun Kyung Park ),한상숙 ( Sang Sook Han ),백승남 ( Seung Nam Paik ) 경희대학교 동서간호학연구소 2004 동서간호학연구지 Vol.9 No.1
Purpose: This study has been conducted as a quality improvement activity in order to confirm the assessment of patients, their guardians and nurses by providing them with a Life in Hospital Guide. Method: Nursing with Life in Hospital Guide provision was conducted at an University Hospital with patients admitted within 5 days or less and their guardians, a control group of 375 persons and a comparison group of 372 persons, and the data have been collected from the 26th of May to the 10th of October 2003. A Life in Hospital Guide, in the form of a leaflet, that contained useful information such as meals, facilities, car parking, documents, linen products etc, was used. The collected data have been analysed using SPSS windows programme 11.0 for percentage, χ2-test, and t-test. Result: The comparison group who were provided with a Life in Hospital Guide will know better about the articulars needed to live in hospital than the control group who were not,`` the average of the comparison group (4.04) was higher than the control group (3.04), which is a significant difference (t=-27.06, p=.000). Conclusion: As a results of this study, it was confirmed that life in hospital guidance through a leaflet each as a quality improvement activity, are effective.
各種 疾患 患者의 血淸 및 組織에서의 Carcino-embryonic Antigen (CEA)에 關한 硏究
李賢淑,金仁仙,白承龍 고려대학교 의과대학 1982 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.19 No.3
Carcino-embryonic antigen is a tumor-associated antigen whose testing has been considered to have a significant value in monitoring the patients with a variety of cancers. However, all the patients with malignant tumors do not reveal the elevation of serum CEA. Thus, to evaluate the relationship between serum and tissue CEA concentration, the author has studied serum CEA levels in 76 mailgnant and 89 nonmalignant diseases and demonstrated tissue CEA in 47 malignant and 13 nonmalignant diseases, using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues and immunoperoxidase technique. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The positivity in patients with malignant diseases was 89% in pancreatic, 80% in pulmonary, 67% in hepatic, 64% in colorectal, 64% in gastric and 25% in genitourinary cancers. 2. The positivity in patients with nonmalignant diseases was 53% in gastrointestinal, 63% in hepatobiliary and pancreatic, 69% in pulmonary, 27% in genitourinary tract, 67% in cardiac and 67% in miscellaneous diseases. 3. The positivity of serum CEA in patients with gastric, colorectal and pancreatic cancers was dependent upon the extent of the diseases process. 4. The positive staining for CEA in the tissues of malingnant diseases was 81% as a whole, the staining was high in gastric, colorectal and pancreaic cancers but was low in genitourinary tract cancer, revealing correlation with the degree of staining and tumor differentiation. 5. The positive staining for CEA in the tissues of nonmalingnant diseases was 54%, but the degree of staining was weak. 6. Most of the cases, the negative staining for CEA, had serum CEA levels less than 5.0ng/ml; whereas there was no constant relationship between serum CEA levels and the degree of staining for CEA in tissues. To be brief, the findings suggested that the estimation of the serum CEA levels would be useful to aid in the diagnosis of a variety of cancers and evaluate the extent of the disease process. Also the immunohistochemical identification of CEA in tissue sections might have histopathological diagnostic implications and provide a solid basis for use of CEA in the follow-up management of cancer patients.