점화시기 및 당량비 변화에 따른 CNG기관의 성능 및 배출가스에 관한 연구

한영출,오용석,박봉규,김대열,김미수 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Research on the development of CNG dedicated en dine that has important meaning both as a clean fuel and an alterna-tive energy to reduce the exhaust emission horn diesel engine are actively going on these days. In this study, in order to present the direction and application of CNG engine, we tested the CNG engine performance experimented by changing the parameters such as ignition timing, equivalent ratio. The engine performance and exhaust emission were measured by engine performance mode at maximum load condition with increasing the rpm in the range of 1,000∼2,200rpm. Also, the testing engine was heavy-duty CNG dedicated engines with displacement of 11,050cc.

소형엔진의 배출가스측정방법에 따른 질소산화물 및 매연에 관한 연구

한영출,나완용,오용석,문병철,박봉규,박귀열 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Recently, increasing usage of diesel vehicle, many countries try to reduce the pollutant materials by emission regulation standard. Particularly, in our country, the supplement ratio of diesel vehicle is high, and air pollution by vehicle exhaust gas is very serious. So, in study, we tested exhaust gas by various mode in light duty diesel engine. Therefore, we can know about NOx and smoke seriousness.

Bedform Morphology of the Continental Shelf Sandy Sediments Around the Korean Peninsula

SUK, BONG-CHOOL,KAGAMI, HIDEO,TAIRA, ASAHIKO The Korean Society of Oceanography 1994 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Bedform morphology of the giant ripples have been studied on the continental shelf of the Yellow Sea, East China sea and Korea-Tsushima Strait on the basis of side-scan sonar image, sub-bottom profile, sedimentary facies, geomorphology evidence and hydrology. There are well developed giant ripples ranging from 100 to 500 m in wavelengths and from 2 to 10 m in wave height at nine sites in the study area, which are covered by medium to fine sand. Most of them have been formed under the present hydrologic regime where the tidal currents and local currents or turbulence flows are superimposed. In the study area, giant ripples are produced on two different environments. One is at the geomorphic narrow zone such as the Korea Strait where currents are accelerated by the topographic effects, while the other is the sandy flat plain where tidal currents and local currents are harmonized.

Sedimentary Excess Barium from a Core of the Northwest Pacific Ocean: Geochemical Proxy

Suk, Bong-Chool,Park, Chan-Hong,Taira, Asahiko,Hyun, Sang-Min The Korean Society of Oceanography 2000 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.35 No.2

A geochemical study on a hemipelagic core sediment taken from the northwest Pacific Ocean (eastern edge of the Shikoku Basin) was conducted to use of excess barium (Ba(ex)) for evaluate the paleoceano-graphic changes. Also, the excursion of sedimentary Ba(ex) was compared with those of biogenic opal, carbonate and organic carbon content in the sediment during the last glacial and interglacial periods. The calculated Ba(ex) derived from the major and minor element shows a distinctive glacial-interglacial variations, and the mass accumulation rate (MAR) of Ba(ex) shows coincident variations with the MARs of biogenic fractions. Especially, strong positive correlation (r$^2$=0.85) between the MAR of Ba(ex) and the MAR of biogenic carbonate is recognized. Based on the strong positive correlation(r$^2$=0.85) between the MAR of Ba(ex) and the MAR of carbonate content, we estimated the degree of carbonate dissolution rate during the glacial and interglacial periods. Assuming the proportional variation and the refractory nature of barium exist between two factors, the variation of index Ca/Ba ratio in sediment indicates the degree of carbonate dissolution. Sedimentary Ca/Ba ratios index clearly show a striking fluctuation between the glacial and interglacial periods with higher positive correlation during glacial and lower correlation during interglacial. This fact indicates enhanced carbonate dissolution during interglacial period. Thus, the sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio in sedimentary records can be used as one of the useful tools for estimation of the relative degree of carbonate dissolution. The excursion of Ba(ex) and the sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio follows the typical pacific carbonate dissolution type(enhanced dissolution during interglacial and reduced dissolution during glacial time) as suggested by previous work (e.g., Wu et al., 1990). Variation in sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio thus strongly supports that glacial-interglacial fluctuation in carbonate dissolution has been prevailed in the northwest Pacific Ocean.

Korea KNRV5000 Building Program

Bong Chool SUK,Dong-Won Park,Hae-Seok Kang,Ki-Ho Eum 대한조선학회 2011 대한조선학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2011 No.6

Depositional Environment of Late Quaternary Sediments and Suspended Particulate Matter on the Southeastern Continental Shelf, Korea

Bong Chool Suk(石奉出) 대한지질학회 1986 지질학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Bathymetry and Morphotectonic Elements in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea

Suk, Bong-Chool,Anosov, G.I.,Semakin, V.P.,Svarichevsky, A.S. International Union of Geodesy And Geophysics Kore 1996 Korean Journal of Geophysical Research Vol.24 No.1

A detailed bathymetric map is used to construct a morphotectonic map of the Ulleung Basin. The definition of "morphotectonics" and the procedure of the morphotectonic mapping are described in detail. The morphotectonic structural elements of various orders and ranks are also determined using echo-sounding and other geophysical data. Preliminary analysis shows that the newly determined morpho-structural elements coincide with the locations of deeper tectonic features established by the geophysical evidences of the inner sedimentary and/or crustal sections. Therefore, the tectonic zone of the Ulleung Basin has imprinted the patterns of the inherited evolution since Neogene.e Neogene.

Side Scan Sonar 모자이크 매핑에서 중첩영상의 처리

김성렬(Seong-Ryul Kim),석봉출(Bong-Chool Suk),이용국(Yong-Kuk Lee),정백훈(Baek-Hun Jung) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

In the side scan sonar mosaic mapping, the adjacent imageries are overlapped in case that the survey track line interval is narrower than scan range. The general mapping process is that no good imageries are blanketed with the better imageries. Then the overlapped boundary portion of seafloor mosaic image stands out clearly, even though the sea-bottom feature is realistically pictured. The improved method on seafloor sonar image mosaic processing to separate the imageries of this smeared part and to get the high resolution mapping results is proposed.

지진조기경보를 위한 신속 진앙위치 결정

김광희,석봉출,Kim. Kwang-Hee,Rydelek. Paul A.,Suk. Bong-Chool 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.8 No.6

경제규모의 증가, 산업화, 도시화 등은 결과적으로 우리국민의 잠재적 지진 위험 증가를 야기하였다. 최근에는 비록 우리나라에서 지진으로 인한 인명과 재산의 손실이 미비했지만, 과거 문헌 기록을 보면 우리나라에서도 대규모 피해를 야기한 지진이 발생한 바 있었으므로, 향후 피해를 유발할 수 있는 지진발생 가능성을 간과할 수는 없다. 현재의 과학기술력으로는 단기 지진 예보가 불가능함을 고려할 때 지진재해 저감을 위하여 취할 수 있는 대비책의 하나로써 지진조기경보체계 확립의 중요성이 점차 증가하고 있다. 지진조기경보체계 확립의 취지는 지진발생 후 강진동이 시작하기 전 수 초 혹은 수십 초의 지진대비시간을 확보하고 미리 계획된 조치를 취함으로써 지진재해를 저감하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 신속한 지진 발생위치 결정을 위하여 진원 부근 2개의 지진 관측소에서 확보한 초동 도착시간과 주변의 다른 관측소에서는 아직 초동이 관측되지 않았다는 사실을 이용한다. 우리나라 내륙 및 주변해역에서 발생한 주요 지진의 신속한 진앙 위치결정에 이 기술을 적용하였다. 관측소 외부에서 지진이 발생할 경우 이 기술로는 효과적인 지진위치의 결정이 어렵지만, 관측망 내부에서 지진이 발생할 경우 본 기술을 이용하여 지진의 위치를 신속히 결정 할 수 있다. 수도권의 경우 <TEX>$10{\sim}50$</TEX>초의 지진대비시간을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 예상되며, 주어진 시간 내에 사전 준비된 조치를 취함으로써 유사시 지진재해저감에 크게 기여할 것이다. Economic growth, industrialization and urbanization have made society more vulnerable than ever to seismic hazard in Korea. Although Korea has not experienced severe damage due to earthquakes during the last few decades, there is little doubt of the potential for large earthquakes in Korea as documented in the historical literature. As we see no immediate promise of short-term earthquake prediction with current science and technology, earthquake early warning systems attract more and more attention as a practical measure to mitigate damage from earthquakes. Earthquake early warning systems provide a few seconds to tens of seconds of warning time before the onset of strong ground shaking. To achieve rapid earthquake location, we propose to take full advantage of information from existing seismic networks; by using P wave arrival times at two nearest stations from the earthquake hypocenter and also information that P waves have not yet arrived at other stations. Ten earthquakes in the Korean peninsula and its vicinity are selected for the feasibility study. We observed that location results are not reliable when earthquakes occur outside of the seismic network. Earthquakes inside the seismic network, however, can be located very rapidly for the purpose of earthquake early warning. Seoul metropolitan area may secure <TEX>$10{\sim}50$</TEX> seconds of warning time before any strong shaking starts for certain events. Carefully orchestrated actions during the given warning time should be able to reduce hazard and mitigate damages due to potentially disastrous earthquakes.

경주지역 발생 지진에 대한 지진손실예측 시뮬레이션

강수영,김광희,석봉출,유해수,Kang. Su-Young,Kim. Kwang-Hee,Suk. Bong-Chool,Yoo. Hai-Soo 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.8 No.3

지진이 발생하기 전에 피해규모를 물리적, 경제적, 사회적 재해로 구분하여 예측하고, 이를 이용하여 사전에 충분히 대처한다면 그 피해를 최소한으로 경감할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 HAZUS의 결정론적 방법을 이용하여 경주지역 규모 6.7의 가상지진에 의한 재해를 예측해보았다. 이 방법을 이용하기 위해, 본 연구에서는 한반도 감쇠특성과 가장 잘 부합한다고 판단되는 Sadigh 등(1997)의 식에 지반분류 B, C와 D를 적용하였다. 그 외에도 이 방법에서 사용이 가능한 여러 감쇠식을 적용하여 같은 지역의 지진재해를 예측한 후 서로 상이하게 나타나는 피해규모를 살펴보았다. 각기 다른 감쇠식 적용에 따라 재해예측결과는 다소 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이번 연구에서 산출한 지진재해 예측결과는 연구지역의 지진재해위험성을 미리 살펴 재해발생 시 인명 및 재산 피해를 최대한 경감시키고, 응급상황에 신속히 대처할 수 있도록 재해저감 정책수립 단계에서 효과적으로 활용될 수 있으리라 사료된다. Knowledge of expected losses in terms of physical, economic, and social damages due to a potential earthquake will be helpful in the effort to mitigate seismic hazards. In this study, losses due to a magnitude 6.7 scenario earthquake in the Gyeongju area have been estimated using the deterministic method in HAZUS. The attenuation relation proposed by Sadigh et al.(1997) for site classes B, C, and D, which are assumed to represent the characteristics of the strong-motion attenuation in the Korean Peninsula, has been applied. Losses due to the hypothetical earthquake have been also calculated using other attenuation relationships to examine their roles in the loss estimation. The findings indicate differences among the estimates based on various attenuation relationships. Estimated losses of the Gyeongju area by a scenario earthquake using HAZUS should be seriously considered in the planning of disaster response and hazard mitigation.