Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions

Lee, Sang Choel,Han, Seung Hyeok,Li, Jin Ji,Lee, Sun Ha,Jung, Dong-Sub,Kwak, Seung-Jae,Kim, Seung Hye,Kim, Dong Ki,Yoo, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Jin Hyun,Chang, Se-Ho,Han, Dae Suk,Kang, Shin-Wook International Society of Nephrology 2009 Kidney international Vol.76 No.8

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an anti-oxidant enzyme normally upregulated in response to oxidant injury. Here we determined the role of HO-1 in podocyte apoptosis in glomeruli of streptozotocin-treated rats and in immortalized mouse podocytes cultured in media containing normal or high glucose. HO-1 expression, its activity, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein, and active caspase-3 fragments were all significantly higher in isolated glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. These increases were inhibited by zinc protoporphyrin treatment of the rats or by HO-1 siRNA treatment of the podocytes in culture. The number of apoptotic cells was also significantly increased in the glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. Inhibition of HO-1 accentuated the increase in apoptotic cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that HO-1 expression protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions.

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Shin, Tae-Kyeong,Kang, Mi-Sun,Lee, Ho-Youn,Seo, Moo-Sang,Kim, Si-Geun,Kim, Chi-Dae,Lee, Won-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ${\alpha}$ (HIF-1 ${\alpha}$) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1 ${\alpha}$ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

골수이식 후 골밀도 및 골대사의 변화 : 2년 추적관찰 2-Year Prospective Study

이원영,강무일,오은숙,오기원,한제호,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,신완식,민우성,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Tae Kyeong Shin,Mi Sun Kang,Ho Youn Lee,Moo Sang Seo,Si Geun Kim,Chi Dae Kim,Won Suk Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1Ձ (HIF-1Ձ) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1Ձ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

가철성 교정장치 장착 아동에서 불화물과 Chlorhexidine의 우식세균에 대한 항균효과에 관한 연구

신강호,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 1993 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activities of fluoride and chlorhexidine against Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus. All subjects had not taken antibacterial medication at least one month before treatment. They were divided into 5 groups; GroupⅠhad been treated with placebo gel, GroupⅡfluoride and amine fluoride,and GroupⅤ with 0.1% chlorhexidine solution. Salivary samples were collected from 50 children who have been treated with removable orthodontic appliances in the Department of Pedodontics, Chonnam National University Hospital. The number of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus in saliva were monitored by using the Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin agar plate and Rogosa SL agar plate for 5 weeks after the treatment. The results were as follow: 1.The mean number of salivary Streptococcus mutans were significantly reduced to 6.43 ×10? CFU/ml before treatment. 2.The number of salivary Streptococcus mutans were significantly reduced to 6.40 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅡ, 5.71 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅢ, 2.16 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅣ, 1.16 ×10? CFU/ml in GroupⅤ in one week sfter treatment(P』0.05) 3.The number of Streptococcus mutans was returned to the baseline at 5th week after treatment. 4.The number of salivary lactobacillus was not significantly changed in all groups. These results suggest that continuous application of fluoride or chlorhexidine may prevent dental caries in patiednts with removable orthodontic appliances.

저산소 스트레스에 노출된 생쥐의 면역기능 변동에서 IL-4의 역활

강동원,김호정,신운섭 관동대학교 의과학연구소 2001 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.1

This study was aimed to investigate the role of IL-4 in the alterations of immune function in mice after chronic, repeated exposure of different levels of hypoxic stress. Four experimental groups were studied: one for home cage control (NH), others for environmental control (20%) and hypoxia-exposed groups (15% or 10%). Different levels of normoxic or hypoxic environment (20%, 15%, or 10% of oxygen will balanced nitrogen, respectively) were subjected to adult male BALB/c mice daily for an hour, 5 days per week, over 10 weeks. At the end of hypoxic exposure period, sera of the mice were taken and their IL-4 levels were measured by a sandwich ELISA method. The changes of body weight of the animals showed significantly lower increase in the 10% group, suggesting that the repeated hypoxic exposure worked as a stressful environment to them. The IL-4 levels, however, showed no differences among the experimental groups. These results indicate that IL-4 may not play a significant role in the mediation of stress effects to immunologic outcomes in this stress paradigm, and that studies about the role of Th1-type cytokines may be necessary fur further investigation.

합금철 분진의 재활용을 위한 기초 연구

신강호,송영준,김윤채 三陟大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.31 No.1

This study was performed to obtain the basic data for recycling of the dust in ferroalloy manufacture. The chemical composition, composition material, particle size and shapes of the bulk dust, sizing dust and magnetic separating dust were investigated. As the result, the dust from High Carbon Ferromanganese Manufacturing Process is not sufficient as source material of Mn, the dust from Bag Filter of AOD Process is a good source material of Mn, and the dust from Cooler of AOD Process can be a good source material of Mn through Sizing or Magnetic Separation.

망간 용해액의 정제를 위한 기초 연구

신강호,송영준,김윤채 三陟大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.31 No.1

This study was performed to obtain basic data for refining manganese nitrate solution which used as starting material for manufacturing Mn₃O₄, raw material of Mn-Zn soft ferrite. 1. Among the various kinds of manganese oxide, MnO is most appropriate for making manganese nitrate solution, for the MnO is easily dissolve in nitric acid and which reaction is exothermic. 2. The most appropriate condition for reduction roasting which reducing Mn₃O₄to MnO is temperature of 700~800℃, roasting time of 30~60min, carbon 5~10 wt.%. 3. The appropriate pH of solution and reaction time for removing iron and silicon from manganese nitrate solution by controlling the pH of solution are pH4~6, 1~2hour, respectively. 4. The appropriate condition for removing calcium and magnesium from manganese nitrate solution by precipitating in the form of oxalate are pH of 1~4, (NH₄)₂C₂O₄adding amount of 0.1M or less and as long reaction time as possible.

장 르느와르 : <위대한 환상>, <게임의 규칙>을 중심으로 Focus on <Grand Illusion>, <The Rules of the Game>

신강호 한국영화교육학회 2001 영화교육연구 Vol.3 No.-

This thesis is a analysis of Grand Illusion, The Rules of the Game on director Jean Renoir. The purpose of this thesis is to study the narrative and style in text. Many antiwar films make their plea by providing a surfeit of the horrors of war; Renoir does not. Nor does he win our allegiance to peace with thrilling combat scenes. Rather, he provides some glimpses of brave and honorable men interacting within the vague ambiance of the conflict, leaving us to find and feel in this display of life the futility and wastefulness of war. The use of parallels and repetitions, an important but subordinate elements in the totality of a Renoir film, in Grand Illusion becomes the organizing principle of the whole: Two parallel introductory scenes; three large parallel central sections; one pair of characters splitting into two parallel pairs, with a complex variety of smaller parallels and repetitions, where the repetitions are often also reversals, a repeated form with a contrast meanings. Any brief account of the narrative of The Rules of the Game must seem complicated to the point of unintelligibility. I offer such an account, knowing this danger, but trusting that the discussion that follows will make more sense of it. The film explores the contrast and convention and question of how people meet. These themes had persisted as Renoir moved from the bourgeois films of the early thirties which present larger groups of a lower class, but from Grand Illusion on they are subordinated to the question of class. The style Renoir had developed through the 1930s reaches it culmination in The Rules of the Game. Special lenses were made to maximize the depth of the field. His camera moves more freely than ever through this space, sometimes abandoning an action in mid-movement to follow another, sometimes catching two or three actions simultaneous at different depths in the field, often through a door which frames another receding space. The sound track of a perfection never equaled by any French film. Renoir's films are among the major achievements of this youngest art form. He worked at this art for over forty-five years. One constant in this long career was that in both style and theme his films were genuinely his, rather than performance executed in accord with the fashions of the moment. I'd like to study this point through the Grand Illusion and The Rules of the Game.

韓國産 石竹(패랭이꽃)科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

姜熙相,鄭榮穆,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1998 한국전통의학지 Vol.8 No.2

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Caryophllaceae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generation, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 20 genera and 124 species in Korea and among them midical plants are 11 genera, 30 species, some 24% in total. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medical plantss belonging to the Caryphllaceae family were classified as Herba 11, Radix 7, Foilum 2, Semen, Flos, Rhlzoma 1 each. 3. According to sum of 124 species in Caryophllaceae family, they were classified into Cerastium genera 18, Dianthus gemera 16, Pseudos tellaria genera, Lychnis genera, Stellaria genera 12 each, Melandry um genera 11, Silene genera 10, Minuaria genera 8, Gypsophila genera, Sagina genera 5 each, Arenaria genera, Cucubalus genera 3 each, Spergual genera, Vaccaria genera 2 each, Agorostema genera, Amnodenia genara, Moehringia genera, Myosoton genera, Honkenya genera 1 each. Thus it was noticed that Cerastium genera was main kind. 4. According to the number of species of the orgin plants about each chinese materia medicals, they were classified into HERBA DIANTHI 4, RADIX PSEUDOSTELLARIAE 3, SEMEN VACCARIAE 5, RADIX GYPSOPHILAE 4. 5. According to the properties and principal curative action, they were classfied into drugs for treating febrifugal and removing heat from blood, Diuretocs 6 each, Drugs for treating febrifugal and detoxicant 2, Drugs for invigorating blood, circuration and eliminating blood stasis 3, tonics 1, easing joint movement 1, stimulation of lactation 44. 6. According to nature and flavour of medical plants, they were classified into warmth, heat; each 3, cold, cool; 11 each, balance 3 and unidentifird 2. Thus it was noticed that cold and cool is the main in nature and flavour of medical plants. 7. Toxic drugs were none. From this results, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Caryophllaceae was 24% of the whole, in which Herba was mostly abundunt. It is considered that may expriements and clinical approches must be continued to use Caryophllaceae plants widely.