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Subjectless as-parenthetical Constructions in English: A Corpus-based Approach
( Seulkee Park ),( Jong-bok Kim ) 대한언어학회 2021 언어학 Vol.29 No.4
As-parenthetical constructions usually include either a sentential or predicate gap, but they can also have a subject gap. In this paper, we first investigate the authentic uses of subjectless as-parenthetical clauses, referring to the extracted corpus data. One of the key issues that emerges from the corpus data is that the subjectless as-clause is missing an expletive subject gap as well as a clausal complement gap. The subject gap is construed as a proposition containing a proper predicate for the antecedent. Our corpus findings show that the predicate type in subjectless as-clauses determines whether the expletive subject it is elided optionally or obligatorily. Based on the observed properties, we suggest that subjectless as-parenthetical constructions are base-generated rather than derived from deletion operations. Our corpus-based view can account for the idiosyncratic properties of subjectless as-parenthetical constructions in a streamlined manner.
In Vitro Adenosine Triphosphate Based Chemotherapy Response Assay in Gastric Cancer
Seulkee Park,Yanghee Woo,김호근,이용찬,최성호,형우진,노성훈 대한위암학회 2010 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.10 No.4
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and the clinical applicability of the adenosine-triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay (ATP-CRA) as a method of determining in vitro chemosensitivity in patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 243 gastric cancer tissue samples were obtained from gastrectomies performed between February 2007 and January 2010. We evaluated the effectiveness of the ATP-CRA assay in determining the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer specimens using eleven chemotherapeutic agents – etoposide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mytomicin, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, docetaxel, paclitaxel, methotraxate, and cisplatin – for chemosensitivity studies using ATP-CRA. We assessed the failure rate, the cell death rate, and the chemosensitivity index. Results: The failure rate of ATP-CRA was 1.6% (4/243). The mean coefficient of variation for triplicate ATP measurements was 6.5%. Etoposide showed the highest cell death rate (35.9%) while methotrexate showed the lowest (16.6%). The most active chemothera-peutic agent was etoposide, which most frequently ranked highest in the chemosensitivity test: 31.9% (51/160). Oxaliplatin was more active against early gastric cancers than advanced gastric cancers, whereas docetaxel was more active against advanced cancers. The lymph node negative group showed a significantly higher cell death rate than the lymph node positive group when treated with doxoru-bicin, epirubicin, and mitomycin. Conclusions: ATP-CRA is a stable and clinically applicable in vitro chemosensitivity test with a low failure rate. The clinical usefulness of ATP-CRA should be evaluated by prospective studies comparing the regimen guided by ATP-CRA with an empirical regimen.
Is familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma more aggressive than sporadic form?
Cho Rok Lee,Seulkee Park,Sang-Wook Kang,Jandee Lee,Jong Ju Jeong,Kee-Hyun Nam,Woong Youn Chung,Cheong Soo Park 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.92 No.3
Purpose: With the increasing incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (FPTMC) is now recognized more frequently. However, the biological behavior of FPTMC is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of FPTMC and its biological aggressiveness. Methods: Between March 2006 and July 2010, 2,414 patients underwent primary surgical therapy for PTMC and 149 (6.2%) were further classified as FPTMC. To determine the biological aggressiveness of FPTMC, we compared the clinicopathological features and prognosis between FPTMC and sporadic PTMC (SPTMC). Results: The male-to-female ratio was higher in FPTMC than in sporadic papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (SPTMC: 1:4.5 vs. 1:7.2, P = 0.041). The central lymph node (LN) metastasis rate was significantly higher in FPTMC than in SPTMC (36.2% vs. 24.2%, P = 0.002). The local recurrence rate was also higher in FPTMC than in SPTMC (4.5% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001). We identified familial occurrence in 6.2% of cases of PTMC. FPTMC is associated with a high rate of central LN metastasis and local recurrence. Conclusion: These findings suggest that close follow-up can be beneficial in FPTMC patients to detect local recurrence.
Timing of Admission to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit is Associated with in-Hospital Mortality
Kim Mi Kyoung,Jung Eun-Joo,Park Seulkee,Kim Im-kyung 대한외상중환자외과학회 2022 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.12 No.1
Purpose: The relationship between the timing of admission (work-hours or after-hours) to the intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality among surgical ICU (SICU) patients is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether admission to SICU during after-hours was associated with in-hospital mortality.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary academic hospital. The data of 571 patients who were admitted to the SICU and whose complete medical records were available were analyzed. Work-hours were defined as 07:00 to 19:00 Monday to Friday, during which the ICU was staffed with intensivists. After-hours were defined as any other time during which the SICU was not staffed with intensivists. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality according to the time of admission (work-hours or after-hours) to the SICU.Results: A total of 333 patients, were admitted to the SICU during work-hours, and 238 patients after-hours. Unplanned admissions (47.1% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.001), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score ≥ 25 (23.9% vs. 11.1%, p < 0.001), the need for ventilator support (34.0% vs. 17.4%, p < 0.001), and the use of vasopressors (50.0% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the after-hours group compared with the work-hours group. Multivariate analyses revealed that the timing of SICU admission was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 2.526; 95% confidence interval, 1.010–6.320; p = 0.048).Conclusion: This study showed that admission to the SICU during after-hours was associated with increased in-hospital mortality.