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Characteristic alterations of gut microbiota in uncontrolled gout
ul-Haq Asad,Lee Kyung-Ann,Seo Hoonhee,Kim Sukyung,Jo Sujin,고경민,Moon Su-Jin,Kim Yun Sung,Choi Jung Ran,Song Ho-Yeon,Kim Hyun-Sook 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.12
Microbiome research has been on the rise recently for a more in-depth understanding of gout. Meanwhile, there is a need to understand the gut microbiome related to uric acid-lowering drug resistance. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-based microbiota analysis was performed for a total of 65 stool samples from 17 healthy controls and 48 febuxostat-treated gout patients (including 28 controlled subjects with decreased uric acid levels and 20 uncontrolled subjects with non-reduced uric acid levels). Alpha diversity of bacterial community decreased in the healthy control, controlled, and uncontrolled groups. In the case of beta diversity, the bacterial community was significantly different among groups (healthy control, controlled, and uncontrolled groups). Taxonomic biomarker analysis revealed the increased population of g-Bifidobacterium in healthy controls and g-Prevotella in uncontrolled patients. PCR further confirmed this result at the species level. Additionally, functional metagenomics predictions led to the exploration of various functional biomarkers, including purine metabolism. The results of this study can serve as a basis for developing potential new strategies for diagnosing and treating gout from microbiome prospects.
Assembly of polymer micelles through the sol-gel transition for effective cancer therapy
Khaliq, Nisar Ul,Oh, Keun Sang,Sandra, Febrina Carolina,Joo, Yeonhee,Lee, Juhyung,Byun, Youngro,Kim, In-San,Kwon, Ick Chan,Seo, Jae Hong,Kim, Sang Yoon,Yuk, Soon Hong Elsevier 2017 Journal of controlled release Vol.255 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Photo-induced apoptosis-targeted chemotherapy (PIATC) was designed and characterized to propose a new protocol for improved chemotherapy. Intratumoral injection was selected as the mode of administration of the anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). To extend the retention time of DOX at the tumor parenchyma, <I>in-situ</I> gel formation was induced through the sol-gel transition of the Pluronic NPs containing a prodrug of DOX or a photosensitizer. The prodrug (DEVD-S-DOX) was designed to be inactive with a peptide moiety (Aspartic acid-Glutamic acid-Valine-Aspartic acid: DEVD) linked to DOX and to be cleaved into free DOX by caspase-3 expressed with apoptosis. For reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis, photo-irradiation with methylene blue (MB, photosensitizer) was utilized. The sol-gel transition of the Pluronic NPs containing reactive species, DEVD-S-DOX or MB, was examined by measuring the cloud point and the gel strength in response to temperature change. ROS-mediated apoptosis was observed by measuring the ROS and membrane integrity with induced apoptosis. The <I>in vivo</I> antitumor efficacy of PIATC was measured with a cardiotoxicity assay in tumor-bearing mice.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Topical 0.03% Tacrolimus for Treatment of Pemphigus Erythematosus in a Korea Jindo Dog
BHANG, Dong-Ha,CHOI, Ul-Soo,JUNG, Yun-Chan,KIM, Min-Kyu,CHOI, Eun-Wha,SEO, Kyoung-Won,KANG, Min-Soo,HWANG, Cheol-Yong,KIM, Dae-Yong,YOUN, Hwa-Young,LEE, Chang-Woo Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2008 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.70 No.4
<P>Topical 0.03% tacrolimus was used for treatment of a Korea Jindo dog diagnosed with pemphigus erythematosus. The dog was slowly improved following application of tacrolimus but did not achieve complete remission until end of this study. No adverse effects on clinical or laboratory parameters were noted during the topical tacrolimus therapy period.</P>
Regulation of PDGF signalling and vascular remodelling by peroxiredoxin II
Choi, Min Hee,Lee, In Kyung,Kim, Gyung Whan,Kim, Bang Ul,Han, Ying-Hao,Yu, Dae-Yeul,Park, Hye Sun,Kim, Kyung Yong,Lee, Jong Seo,Choi, Chulhee,Bae, Yun Soo,Lee, Byung In,Rhee, Sue Goo,Kang, Sang Won Nature Publishing Group 2005 Nature Vol.435 No.7040
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent mitogenic and migratory factor that regulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of a variety of signalling proteins via intracellular production of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (refs 1, 2–3). Mammalian 2-Cys peroxiredoxin type II (Prx II; gene symbol Prdx2) is a cellular peroxidase that eliminates endogenous H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> produced in response to growth factors such as PDGF and epidermal growth factor; however, its involvement in growth factor signalling is largely unknown. Here we show that Prx II is a negative regulator of PDGF signalling. Prx II deficiency results in increased production of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, enhanced activation of PDGF receptor (PDGFR) and phospholipase Cγ1, and subsequently increased cell proliferation and migration in response to PDGF. These responses are suppressed by expression of wild-type Prx II, but not an inactive mutant. Notably, Prx II is recruited to PDGFR upon PDGF stimulation, and suppresses protein tyrosine phosphatase inactivation. Prx II also leads to the suppression of PDGFR activation in primary culture and a murine restenosis model, including PDGF-dependent neointimal thickening of vascular smooth muscle cells. These results demonstrate a localized role for endogenous H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> in PDGF signalling, and indicate a biological function of Prx II in cardiovascular disease.
A Modified YoloV4 Network with Medium-Scale Challenging Benchmark for Efficient Animal Detection
Habib Khan,Bui Quang Huy,Zain Ul Abidin,Juhee Yoo,Minho Lee,Kyeong Wook Seo,Dong Yun Hwang,Mi Young Lee,Jae Kyu Suhr 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2023 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.06
Animal detection and classification are crucial for effective wildlife management (WM) and reducing risks associated with animals related road accidents and attacks. Previous attempts trained the models using imbalanced data with fewer representative features and baseline models without improvement. This paper presents a new dataset of five animal classes captured in various poses, lighting conditions, and intraclass variations. The standard coupled detection head of the YoloV4 algorithm faces limitations when performing simultaneous classification and localization due to shared parameters and inputs. To address this issue, we propose a decoupled detection head (DDH) that handles these tasks separately, improving performance. We conducted extensive experiments using the proposed dataset. We found that the optimal backbone features marginally improve the performance of the modified network compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) works in the subject domain. Our work contributes by addressing the limitations of the standard YoloV4 algorithm and proposing a new dataset for researchers to use in future studies.
Kwak, Dong Hoon,Kim, Sung Min,Lee, Dea Hoon,Kim, Ji Su,Kim, Sun Mi,Lee, Seo Ul,Jung, Kyu Yong,Seo, Byoung Boo,Choo, Young Kug Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.20 No.3
<P>Neuronal damage subsequent to transient cerebral ischemia is a multifactorial process involving several overlapping mechanisms. Gangliosides, sialic acid-conjugated glycosphingolipids, reduce the severity of acute brain damage in vitro. However their in vivo effects on the cerebral cortex damaged by ischemic infarct are unknown. To assess the possible protective role of gangliosides we examined their expression in the cerebral cortex damaged by ischemic infarct in the rat. Ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, and the resulting damage was observed by staining with 2, 3, 5-triphenylterazolium chloride (TTC). High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) showed that gangliosides GM3 and GM1 increased in the damaged cerebral cortex, and immunofluorescence microscopy also revealed a significant change in expression of GM1. In addition, in situ hybridization demonstrated an increase in the mRNA for ganglioside GM3 synthase. These results suggest that gangliosides GM1 and GM3 may be synthesized in vivo to protect the cerebral cortex from ischemic damage.</P>
흰쥐에서 생애초기의 스트레스 경험이 성숙후 신경행동에 미치는 영향
김원주,이서울,김동구,김경환,Kim, Won-Joo,Lee, Seo-Ul,Kim, Dong-Goo,Kim, Kyung-Hwan 대한약리학회 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.2
This study aimed to determine whether exposure to stress during developmental period causes permanent behavioral and/or neurochemical alterations. Alterations of behavior were studied in young and aged rats which have been exposed to uncontrollable and unpredictable electric shocks on postnatal day(PND) 14 or PND 14 and 21. The concentrations of monoaminergic neurotransmitters were also measured to determine whether the behavioral alterations were accompanied by neurochemical changes. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The rate of increase in body weight was reduced at one day after exposure to the 1st series of shocks on PND14. However, these findings could not be observed after exposure to the 2nd series of shocks on PND 21. 2) Explorative activity decreased at one day after exposure to the 1st series of shocks on PND14. However this findings could not be observed after exposure to the 2nd series of shocks on PND 21. 3) At 100 days of age, there were little changes in the spontaneous locomotor activities measured for consecutive 23 hrs. However, there was positive correlation between the shock number showing the 1st helplessness during receiving the 1st series of shocks and the night time ambulatory activity of females, and was negative correlation between the shock number showing the 1st helplessness during receiving the 1st or 2nd series of shocks on PND 14 or 21 and the night time ambulatory activity of females. 4) At $360{\sim}390$ days of age, night time ambulatory activity decreased in female rats which have been exposed to shocks on PND 14 and 21, but not in males. 5) In the aged female rats, the concentrations of 5-HT, dopamine and their metabolites were not different among groups. However, the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT increased in the frontal cortices of rats exposed to shocks on PND 14 and 21. These results demonstrate that the early experience of serious stress results in persistent alterations of behavior accompanying altered neurochemistry, and aging may unmask a subtle neuronal deficit causes by the early experience of serious stress.