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Zekri, Abd El-Rahman Nabawy,Nassar, Auhood Abdel-Monem,El-Rouby, Mahmoud Nour El-Din,Shousha, Hend Ibrahim,Barakat, Ahmed Barakat,El-Desouky, Eman Desouky,Zayed, Naglaa Ali,Ahmed, Ola Sayed,Youssef, A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11
Background: Changes in DNA methylation patterns are believed to be early events in hepatocarcinogenesis. A better understanding of methylation states and how they correlate with disease progression will aid in finding potential strategies for early detection of HCC. The aim of our study was to analyze the methylation frequency of tumor suppressor genes, P14, P15, and P73, and a mismatch repair gene (O6MGMT) in HCV related chronic liver disease and HCC to identify candidate epigenetic biomarkers for HCC prediction. Materials and Methods: 516 Egyptian patients with HCV-related liver disease were recruited from Kasr Alaini multidisciplinary HCC clinic from April 2010 to January 2012. Subjects were divided into 4 different clinically defined groups - HCC group (n=208), liver cirrhosis group (n=108), chronic hepatitis C group (n=100), and control group (n=100) - to analyze the methylation status of the target genes in patient plasma using EpiTect Methyl qPCR Array technology. Methylation was considered to be hypermethylated if >10% and/or intermediately methylated if >60%. Results: In our series, a significant difference in the hypermethylation status of all studied genes was noted within the different stages of chronic liver disease and ultimately HCC. Hypermethylation of the P14 gene was detected in 100/208 (48.1%), 52/108 (48.1%), 16/100 (16%) and 8/100 (8%) among HCC, liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the studied groups (p-value 0.008). We also detected P15 hypermethylation in 92/208 (44.2%), 36/108 (33.3%), 20/100 (20%) and 4/100 (4%), respectively (p-value 0.006). In addition, hypermethylation of P73 was detected in 136/208 (65.4%), 72/108 (66.7%), 32/100 (32%) and 4/100 (4%) (p-value <0.001). Also, we detected O6MGMT hypermethylation in 84/208 (40.4%), 60/108 (55.3%), 20/100 (20%) and 4/100 (4%), respectively (p value <0.001. Conclusions: The epigenetic changes observed in this study indicate that HCC tumors exhibit specific DNA methylation signatures with potential clinical applications in diagnosis and prognosis. In addition, methylation frequency could be used to monitor whether a patient with chronic hepatitis C is likely to progress to liver cirrhosis or even HCC. We can conclude that methylation processes are not just early events in hepatocarcinogenesis but accumulate with progression to cancer.
Thermal Hydraulic Analysis of Core Flow Bypass in a Typical Research Reactor
Said M.A. Ibrahim,Salah El-Din El-Morshedy,Abdelfatah Abdelmaksoud 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.1
The main objective of nuclear reactor safety is to maintain the nuclear fuel in a thermally safe conditionwith enough safety margins during normal operation and anticipated operational occurrences. In thisresearch, core flow bypass is studied under the conditions of the unavailability of safety systems. As corebypass occurs, the core flow rate is assumed to decrease exponentially with a time constant of 25 s tonew steady state values of 20, 40, 60, and 80% of the nominal core flow rate. The thermal hydraulic codePARET is used through these calculations. Reactor thermal hydraulic stability is reported for all cases ofcore flow bypass.
Alaa El din-Abdel Aal Moubasher,Emad Abdelrehim Taha,Ehab Mohamed Elnashar,Ahmed Abdel Aal Abdel Maged,Asmaa Mohamed Zahran,Heba Hassan Sayed,Hisham Diab Gaber 대한생식의학회 2021 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.48 No.1
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of semen parameters in samples used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fertilization and pregnancy rates in infertile couples.Methods: In this prospective study of Infertile couples with male factor infertility that had undergone ICSI, fractions of the same semen samples obtained for microinjection (to ensure the best predictability) were evaluated to determine the semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) on the day of oocyte recovery.Results: In total, 120 couples completed the study and were subdivided into fertilized (n=87) and non-fertilized couples (n=33). The fertilized couples were further classified into pregnant (n=48) and non-pregnant (n=39) couples. Compared to non-fertilized and non-pregnant couples, fertilized and pregnant couples showed statistically significantly higher sperm viability and percentage of normal sperm morphology, as well as significantly lower sperm DFI values. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of data from the 120 ICSI cycles showed that sperm viability, normal sperm morphology percentages, and sperm DFI were significant prognostic indicators of fertilization at cutoff values of 40%, 7%, and 46%, respectively. A sperm DFI of 46% showed sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 90%, respectively, for predicting fertilization, and no clinical pregnancies occurred in couples with a sperm DFI above 46%.Conclusion: Semen parameters from the ICSI day sample, especially sperm viability, normal morphology, and DFI, had an impact on fertilization and pregnancy outcomes in ICSI cycles.
Han, Jeonghoon,Park, Jun Chul,Kang, Hye-Min,Byeon, Eunjin,Yoon, Deok-Seo,Lee, Min-Chul,Sayed, Alaa El-Din H.,Hwang, Un-Ki,Lee, Jae-Seong Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press 2019 Aquatic toxicology Vol.210 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To examine the adverse effects of the benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P), the monogonont rotifer <I>Brachionus rotundiformis</I> was exposed to various concentration of B[α]P (0 [control], 1, 10, and 100 μg/L) and measured life cycle parameters (e.g., mortality, fecundity [cumulated number of offspring], and lifespan), reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymatic activity of glutathione <I>S</I>-transferase (GST). In addition, defense-related transcripts (e.g., glutathione <I>S</I>-transferases [GSTs], ATP binding cassette [ABCs] transporters) and Western blot analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were investigated in B[α]P-exposed rotifer. In this study, the total intracellular ROS level and GST activity were significantly increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05), while fecundity and lifespan were also significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) reduced in a concentration dependent manner in B[α]P-exposed <I>B. rotundiformis</I>. In addition, transcriptional regulation of <I>GST</I>s and <I>ABC</I> transporters were significantly upregulated and downregulated (<I>P</I> < 0.05), respectively, suggesting that B[α]P can induce oxidative stress leading to induction of antioxidant system and detoxification mechanism. In addition to detoxification-related genes, B[α]P-exposed <I>B. rotundiformis</I> showed the increased levels of the p-JNK and p-p38, suggesting that B[α]P can activate MAPK signaling pathway in <I>B. rotundiformis</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fecundity and lifespan were decreased significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) in B[α]P-exposed <I>B. rotundiformis</I>. </LI> <LI> Total intracellular ROS level and GST activity were significantly increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05). </LI> <LI> Transcriptional regulation of <I>GST</I>s and <I>ABC</I> transporters were significantly upregulated and downregulated (<I>P</I> < 0.05). </LI> <LI> B[α]P-exposed <I>B. rotundiformis</I> showed the increased levels of the p-JNK and p-p38. </LI> </UL> </P>
Mohamed Ibrahim A.,Fathy Mohamed,Farghal Ahmed I.A.,Temerak Sobhy A.H.,Sayed Alaa El-Din H. 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1
The mosquito Culex pipiens is the most widely distributed dipteran species in all regions of Egypt and the principal vector of Wuchereria bancrofti and certain arboviruses in human beings. For controlling C. pipiens vector, biological tools (e.g., larvivorous fish and bioinsecticides) are more potent and safer options to the environment, human beings, and beneficial organisms than chemical pesticides. The efficiency of O. niloticus juveniles as predatory fish species and two bioinsecticides, spinosad 24% and spinetoram 12%, was investigated against the C. pipiens developmental stages in the laboratory. The first trial evaluated the predatory efficacy of small-sized O. niloticus (2.1–2.6 cm; 250–315 mg) and large-sized O. niloticus (2.5–3.2 cm; 250–315 mg) against the 3rd larvae and pupae of C. pipiens. This is the first report in Egypt confirming the predation potential of O. niloticus as efficient predatory fish against the immature C. pipiens. Large-sized O. niloticus predated a greater number of 3rd of C. pipiens larvae and pupae than the small-sized ones. Furthermore, the daily consumption of C. pipiens larvae by small- and large-sized O. niloticus was significantly higher than the pupae. The second trial assessed the toxicity efficacy of spinosad 24% and spinetoram 12% against C. pipiens larvae and pupae. The results confirmed that the tested bioinsecticides showed higher potency toward C. pipiens larvae than pupae after exposure for 24 h and 48 h. Spinosad was more toxic toward 3rd C. pipiens larvae (LC 50 = 0.013 and 0.003 mg/L) and pupae (LC 50 = 320.69 and 44.28 mg/L) than spinetoram after 24 and 48 h. Herein, O. niloticus juveniles (as promising native predatory fish) and spinosyns bioinsecticides were more effective against C. pipiens in the larval stage than in the pupal stage. In conclusion, Nile tilapia juveniles and biorational compounds, spinosad 24% and spinetoram 12%, might be considered as promising and favorable environmental biological agents for controlling C. pipiens in Egypt. However, further trials are needed to investigate the potential of these agents in the control of this mosquito vector under field conditions.
Fuzhang Wang,Tanveer Sajid,Nek Muhammad Katbar,Wasim Jamshed,Usman,Mohamed R Eid,Assmaa Abd-Elmonem,Siti Suzilliana Putri Mohamed Isa,Sayed M El Din 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.4
The goal of this research is to provide a novel conceptual base for ternary hybridity nanofluids that will improve heat transmission. This model illustrates how to produce heat conduction that is superior to the hybridity nanofluid. The ternary hybridity nanofluid is made by suspending three distinct kinds of nanostructures (TiO2, Al2O3, and SiO2) in ethylene glycol with varying physical and chemical linkages. The combination of these nanoparticles aids in the decomposition of hazardous compounds, environment cleansing, and the cooling of other equipment. This article describes the ternary hybrid nanofluids such as the conductivity of thermal and electrical, specific heat capacitance, viscosity, and density. The ordinary differential equations for the liquid and temperature are solved utilizing the Keller box method (KBM). The main finding discovered that the tri-hybrid nanofluid transferred more heat compared to the hybrid nanofluid. The velocity and temperature field diminishes for these ranges of parameters: 0≤γ≤2 (velocity slipγ ) and 0≤γ1≤2 (temperature slip γ1). The Darcy–Forchheimer Fr ranges between 0.5≤Fr≤1.4 diminishes the fluid velocity. The fluid moving subjected to a rotating cone has various applications in engineering like cone clutch, steam generators, loudspeaker cooling, lubricating grease for seals, hydrology, geosciences, etc.