RESEARCH : Open Access ; Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) increases milk yield without losing body weight in lactating sows

( Sung Hoon Lee ),( Young Kuk Joo ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( Young Joo Ha ),( Joon Mo Yeo ),( Wan Young Kim ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2014 한국축산학회지 Vol.56 No.11

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the performance of lactating sows and piglets as well as the immunity of piglets suckling from sows fed CLA. Eighteen multiparous Duroc sows with an average body weight (BW) of 232.0 ± 6.38 kg were randomly selected and assigned to two dietary treatments (n = 9 for each treatment), control (no CLA addition) and 1% CLA supplementation. For the control diet, CLA was replaced with soybean oil. Experimental diets were fed to sows during a 28-day lactation period. Litter size for each sow was standardized to nine piglets by cross-fostering within 24 hours after birth. Sow milk and blood samples were taken from sows and piglets after 21 and 27 days of lactation, respectively. Loss of BW was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in sows fed control diet compared to sows fed CLA diet. Piglet weights at weaning and weight gain during suckling were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in sows fed CLA compared to sows fed control diet. Serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and urea nitrogen concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in sows fed CLA than in sows fed soybean oil. IgG concentrations of the groups supplemented with CLA increased by 49% in sow serum (p < 0.0001), 23% in milk (p < 0.05), and 35% in piglet serum (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. Sows fed CLA showed an increase of 10% in milk yield compared with sows fed soybean oil (p < 0.05), even though there was no difference in daily feed intake between the treatments. Milk fat content was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in sows fed CLA than in sows fed soybean oil. Solid-not-fat yield was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in sows supplemented with CLA than in sows fed control diet and also protein-to-fat ratio in milk was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in sows fed CLA compared with the control group. The results showthat CLA supplementation to sows increased milk yield without losing BW during lactation, whereas soybean oil supplementation resulted in severe BW loss.

The Efficacy of Docetaxel and Cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer after Failing to 5-Fluorouracil Based Chemotherapy

Sang-Joon Shin,김민경,이경희,현명수,김상운,송선교,Sung-Hwa Bae,Hun-Mo Ryoo 대한암학회 2004 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.36 No.6

This study was conducted to confirm the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel and cisplatin combination chemotherapy (DP) in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Patients with measurable gastric adenocarcinoma received intravenous docetaxel 75 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 with premedication on day 1, which was repeated every 3 weeks. All patients received DP as a second-line treatment after failing to 5-FU based chemotherapy. Results: 34 patients were enrolled in this study between January 1998 and August 2003. A total of 112 cycles (median 3 cycles) were administered. Responses were evaluable in 30 patients. The objective response rate was 16.7% (95% CI: 3.5~30.3), with a stable disease in 56.7% (95% CI: 40.0~74.4) and a progressive disease in 26.7% (95% CI: 10.9~42.5) of patients, with a median follow up duration of 20 months for all the patients, The median duration of response, time to progression and overall survival were 2.1 months (95% CI: 0.4~3.9), 4.2 months (95% CI: 2.3~6.1) and 6.8 months (95% CI: 1.3~12.3), respectively, with a 1-year survival rate of 32%. The toxicity was evaluated in 30 patients, with neutropenia being most common. Renal impairment was seen in two patients with grade 3 creatinine elevation and liver enzyme elevation in four with grades 3 and 4. Conclusion: Although DP was an active combination regimen, with a tumor control rate of about 73% and with moderate tolerance, adjustment of the administration schedule, with further evaluation of other combination chemotherapies of docetaxel with new agents, other than cisplatin, seem warranted.(Cancer Res Treat. 2004;36:367-371)

Safety and Efficacy of Besifovir in Treatment-Naive Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double Dummy, Phase 3 Study

( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Won Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Jin Mo Yang ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Yong Oh Kweon ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Gun Young Hong ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Joo Hyun 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Besifovir is an acyclic nucleotide phosphonate known to be effective in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA suppression for both treatment- naïve and lamivudine-resistant chronic HBV infection in preliminary studies. We assessed the safety and efficacy of besifovir comparing with tenofovir in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods: A total of 187 patients were randomly received besifovir dipivoxil 150mg or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg. Eligible subjects were patients with chronic HBV infection. We measured the proportion of patients who had HBV DNA less than 69 IU/mL at week 48 as the primary efficacy endpoint. Key secondary endpoints were histological response (i.e., a reduction in the Knodell necroinflammation score of 2 or more points without worsening fibrosis), serum HBV DNA reduction, and liver function tests. Also, bone mineral density (BMD) and renal parameters were evaluated. Results: The proportion of patients who achieved primary endpoint of HBV DNA (< 69 IU/mL) at week 48 were 85.33% and 88.75% among those who received besifovir and tenofovir, respectively. Besifovir was shown to be non-inferior to tenofovir (lower limit of 95% CI for the treatment difference =-0.14). Histological improvement of 29 patients who underwent liver biopsy was evaluated, and we found that significantly more patients treated with besifovir had improved histological response than those treated with tenofovir (77.78% vs. 36.36%, p=0.0482). There was no difference in intrahepatic cccDNA reduction between the two groups (p=0.35). None of the patients had resistant to mutations or increase in serum creatinine >0.5mg/dL from baseline. Patients who received besifovir had smaller decrease in BMD during 48 weeks than that of tenofovir (besifovir -0.02±0.44, tenofovir -0.10±0.86, p=0.0248). There was no adverse drug reaction leading the patients to withdrawal. Conclusions: This phase 3 study demonstrated that besifovir had comparable efficacy and safety profile to tenofovir in the treatment of treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. Besifovir showed better profile than tenofovir in both histological response and bone loss. An open-label extension study is ongoing with besifovir to investigate long-term efficacy and safety.

Borderline tumor of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 37 cases

( Sang Hee Lee ),( Tae Wook Bae ),( Chan Joo Kim ),( Tae Chul Park ),( Joon Mo Lee ),( Sung Eun Namkoong ) 대한산부인과학회 2001 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.87 No.-

Nonisotropic Propagation of Light in Human Forearm

Sang-Hyun Park,Chuho Choi,윤길원,Hak-Soo Shin,Joon-Mo Yang,Kwang-Sup Soh,Sun Mi Choi,Yeonhee Ryu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.II

Light propagation in the skin of the human forearm was investigated in vivo and in situ. In this study, a sensitive photomultiplier tube with a spectral range of 300 650 nm was used to detect the extremely weak light that is propagated in skin from 17 mm up to 33 mm. We devised a control system that enabled us to guide the optical fibers so that the input and the detection could be exactly located on the skin in complete darkness. We obtained an effective attenuation coefficient whose values were 0.21 ± 0.03 cm.1 and 0.28 ± 0.06 cm.1 in the longitudinal and the transversal directions, respectively, over a long distance ( 17 mm). Those value were much smaller than the previously known value of 2.7 3.3 cm.1 for a short distance ( 2 mm). In addition, we found that light propagated better longitudinally than transverse, which contrasted with the isotropic propagation at short distances. These results might have significance for phototherapy. Light propagation in the skin of the human forearm was investigated in vivo and in situ. In this study, a sensitive photomultiplier tube with a spectral range of 300 650 nm was used to detect the extremely weak light that is propagated in skin from 17 mm up to 33 mm. We devised a control system that enabled us to guide the optical fibers so that the input and the detection could be exactly located on the skin in complete darkness. We obtained an effective attenuation coefficient whose values were 0.21 ± 0.03 cm.1 and 0.28 ± 0.06 cm.1 in the longitudinal and the transversal directions, respectively, over a long distance ( 17 mm). Those value were much smaller than the previously known value of 2.7 3.3 cm.1 for a short distance ( 2 mm). In addition, we found that light propagated better longitudinally than transverse, which contrasted with the isotropic propagation at short distances. These results might have significance for phototherapy.

Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in South Korea from 2007 to 2017: A Prospec-tive, Multicenter Cohort Study

( Joon Yeul Nam ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Mo-ran Ki ),( Eun Young Lee ),( Sook-hyang Jeong ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of chronic hepatitis C patients in South Korea from 2007 to 2017. Methods: The Korea hepatitis C virus (HCV) cohort is a prospective, multicenter cohort which enrolled 2,910 adult patients with anti-HCV positivity at 7 tertiary centers. A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factor for HCV infection, and clinical data collection with patient follow-up were prospectively performed. Among them, clinical profiles of 2,758 patients with HCV RNA viremia were described. Results: The HCV cohort showed a mean age of 57.3 years with 50.7% men, current or past alcohol intake in 52.8%, obesity in 27.4%, and diabetes mellitus in 18.6%. Past history of transfusion before 1995 was in 14.4%, intravenous drug use (IVDU) in 5.6%, piercing in 33.4%, and tattooing in 37.4%. The diagnostic category consisted of chronic hepatitis (69.5%, n=1918), liver cirrhosis (18.9%, n=522), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (11.5%, n=318). The mean level of platelet count was 235K, ALT level over upper normal limit (UNL) in 50.1%, and HCV RNA level>600,000 IU/mL in 48.1%. The major HCV genotypes were genotype 1b (48.2%), genotype 2 (46.4%), genotype 3, 4, and 6 in 0.6%, 0.2%, and 0.5%, respectively. Liver biopsy was performed in 227 patients (8.2%), while FibroScan^® was performed in 289 patients. Antiviral treatment including interferon-based therapy and direct acting antivirals was undergone in 32.8%. Comparison of clinical profiles between the first half period (2007-2011) and second half (2012-2017) will be discussed. Conclusions: The current clinical profile of Korean chronic hepatitis C patients showed a mean age of 57 years with male to female ratio of 1, past history of transfusion and IVDU in less than 25%, genotype 1 and 2 in 95%, liver cirrhosis and HCC in 30%, and one third of the patients underwent antiviral therapy.

Shear Performance of Wood-to-wood Composite Structure Using Steel Rebar

( Sang Joon Lee ),( Kwang Mo Kim ),( Joo Saeng Park ),( Chang Deuk Eom ) 한국목재공학회 2012 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2012 No.-

Structural Safety Evaluation of Multi-Pressure Integrated Chamber for Sport-Multi-Artificial Environment System

Joon-Ho Lee(이준호),Sang-Mo Kang(강상모),Jae-Ick Chae(채재익) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.3

스포츠를 위해 제공되고 사용되는 몇 가지 전용 챔버가 공급되어 사용되고 있지만 스포츠 멀티 환경을 동시에 제공할 수 있는 다기능 올인원 챔버는 개발되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 스포츠 다중 인공 환경 시스템에 사용할 수 있는 다중압력 (양 / 대기 / 음압) 일체형 챔버를 설계하였다. 키가 큰 사용자를 위해 공간을 넓힌 새로운 챔버 디자인을 제시 한 다음 최대 응력과 구조적 안전성검토를 통하여 챔버의 구조해석을 수행하였다. 목표로 하는 허용 압력 조건하에서 쉘과 출입구의 접합부에서 최대 응력이 발생했으며, 챔버 재료의 허용응력을 기준으로 하여 구조안전성 평가를 수행하였다. 다중 압력 일체형 챔버에 대하여 구조해석을 수행한 결과 양압과 음압 조건에 대한 최대 응력이 챔버 재료의 허용응력 보다 훨씬 작은 값이 발생되었으며, 구조안전성 평가 결과 안전율 2 이상을 만족하여 챔버의 최종 시제품의 설계가 구조적으로 안전하다는 것을 확인하였다. There are several dedicated individual chambers for sports that are supplied and used, but none of them are multi-pressured all-in-one chambers that can provide a sport-multi environment simultaneously. In this study, we design a multi-pressure (positive / atmospheric / negative pressure) integrated chamber that can be used for the sport-multi-artificial environment system. We presented new chamber designs with enlarged space for the tall users and then carried out structural analysis with maximum stress and structural safety. Under the targeted allowable pressure conditions, maximum stresses occurred at the joint of the shell and the entrance, the structural safety of the chamber was evaluated with the allowable stress of its material. As a result of the structural analysis of the multi-pressure integrated chamber, the maximum stress for the positive pressure and negative pressure conditions was much smaller than the allowable stress of its material. And as a result of the structural safety evaluation, it was confirmed that the design of the final prototype for the chamber was structurally safe by satisfying the safety factor of 2 or more.

R&D Expenditure Decision, and Endogenous Business Cycles

Joon-Mo Yang,Dae-Sik Lee,Sung-Kwon Chi,Sung-Hoon Yu THE KOREAN ECONOMIC SOCIETY 2000 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.6 No.1

Bending Behavior of Nailed-Jointed Cross-Laminated Timber Loaded Perpendicular to Plane

Sung-jun Pang,Kwang-mo Kim,Sun-hyang Park,Sang-joon Lee 한국목재공학회 2017 목재공학 Vol.45 No.6

In this study, the bending behavior of cross-laminated timber (CLT) connected by nails were investigated. Especially, the load-carrying capacity of the nail-jointed CLT under out-of-plane bending was predicted by the lateral resistance of the used nails. Three-layer nail-jointed CLT specimens and a nail connection were manufac-tured by 30 mm (thickness) × 100 mm (width) domestic species (Pinus koraiensis) laminas and ø3.15 × 82 mm nails using a nail-gun. Shear test for evaluating the nail lateral resistance and bending test for evaluating the load-carrying capacity of the nail-jointed CLT under out-of-plane bending were carried out. As a result, two lateral resistance of the used nail, the 5% fastener offset value and the maximum value, were 913 N and 1,534 N, respectively. The predicted load-carrying capacity of the nail-jointed CLT by the 5% offset nail lateral resist-ance was similar to the yield points on the actual load-displacement curve of the nail-jointed CLT specimens. Meanwhile, the nail-jointed CLT specimens were not failed until the tension failure of the bottom laminas oc-curred beyond the maximum lateral resistance of the nails. Thus, the measured maximum load carrying capacities of the nail-jointed CLT specimens, approximately 12,865 N, were higher than the predicted values, 7,986 N, by the maximum nail lateral resistance. This indicates that the predicted load-carrying capacity can be used for designing a structural unit such as floor, wall and roof able to support vertical loads in a viewpoint of pre-dicting the actual capacities more safely.