천연 제올라이트의 1가 금속 이온 제거능에 대한 전처리 효과

감상규,오윤근,이용두 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.24 No.-

The three domestic natural zeolites (Yong dong-ri (Y).Daesin-ri (D). Seogdong-ri (S)) harvested in. Kyeongju-shi and Pohangshi. Kyungsangbug-Do, were pretreated with each of the NaOH. Ca(OH)_(2) and NaOH following HCI solutions. and the effect of pretreatment of natural zeolites on the removal performances of monovalent metal ions (Cs^(+), Rb^(+) and Ag^(+)) was investigated in the single and mixed solutions. In the single metal ion solution. the removal performances of metal ions were improved greatly by the pretreatment of natural zeolites and decreased in the following sequences: pretreatment of Na0H>pretreatment of NaOH following HCpretreatment of Ca(0H)_(2) among the pretreatment methods: D>Y>S among the natural zeolites: Cs^(+)>Rb^(+)>Ag^(+) among the metal ions. The heavy metal ion exchange capacity by natural and pretreated zeolites was described either by Freundlich equation or Langmuir equation. but it followed the former better than the latter. In the mixed metal ion solution. the uptakes by natural and pretreated zeolites decreased. in comparing with those in the single metal ion solution, but the pretreated zeolites showed the improved removal performances of metal ions in the mixed solution than in the single solution. The metal ion uptakes by pretreated zeolites in the mixed solution showed the same trends in the single solution among the pretreatment methods and metal ions.

Bromothymol Blue-Cetyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride에 의한 음이온성 界面活性劑의 分光光度定量

甘相奎,吳潤根 제주대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

산성염료인 BTB는 pH9 부근에서 긴 알킬기를 가지는 제4급 암모늄이온인 CDMBA??를 첨가하면 CDMBA??와 BTB의 상호작용에 의해 청색에서 청록색으로 각각 변색되고, 이러한 계에 미리 음이온성계면활성제(AS??)를 첨가하면 AS??와 CDMBA??가 이온회합하기 때문에 CDMBA??의 농도가 감소하여 CDMBA??와 BTB와의 상호작용은 억제되므로 AS??의 증가에 따라 BTB의 고유의 청색이 진해지는 것을 이용하여 614nm에서 흡광도를 측정하여 음이온 계면활성제인 SDS, SDBS 및 SDOSS의 분광광도 정량법을 확립하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CDMBA??와 BTB와의 이온회합에 미치는 최적반응 pH는 8.5~9.5이며, CDMBA??는 AS??와 1:1로 반응함을 알 수 있다. 2. SDS, SDBS 및 SDOSS의 정량범위는 각각 0-396.6㎍, 0-470.4㎍, 0-622.4㎍으로 미량에서 비교적 넓은 농도범위까지 정량이 가능하였다. 3. 본 정량법은 다량의 무기염류가 공존하여도 영향을 거의 받지 않고 조작이 간편하게 SDS 및 SDOSS의 정량에 작용할 수 있고 실제 하천수중에 응용한 결과 96.6-105.2%의 만족할 만한 회수율을 얻었다. A simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS), and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate(SDOSS) was established by the reaction of these anionic surfactants and cetyldimethylbenzylammonium ion(CDMBA??) with bromothymol blue (BTB) and the absorbance measurements were made at 614nm. In the reaction of CDMBA?? and BTB, the condition of pH was suitable in the range of 8.5∼9.5 Beer's law did hole in the range of 0∼396.6㎍ for SDS, 0∼470.4㎍ for SDBS. and 0622.4㎍ for SDOSS. Many foreign inorganic ions present in water did not interfere. The average recovery for anionic surfactants in river water was 96.9∼105.2%.

酸性染科 Bromophenol Blue, Bromocresol Green과 제4급 암모늄 이온과의 變色反應을 이용한 음이온성 界面活性劑의 分光光度定量

甘相奎,吳潤根 제주대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

산성염료인 BPB 및 BCG는 pH7.5 부근에서 긴 알킬기를 가지는 제4급 암모늄이온(Q?)인 CDMBA??를 첨가하면 CDMBA??와 BPB 및 CDMBA?와 BCG와의 상호작용에 의해 각각 자색에서 자청색, 청색에서 청록색으로 변색되고, 이러한 계에 미리 음이온성계면활성제(AS??)를 첨가하면 AS??와 Q??가 이온회합하게 때문에 Q??의 농도가 감소하여 Q??와 BPB 또는 BCG의 고유의 색이 진해지는 것을 이용하여 각각 590nm, 614nm에서 흡광도를 측정하여 음이온 계면활성제인 SDS, SDBS 및 SDOSS의 분광광도정량법을 확립하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CDMBA??와 BPB 및 CDMBA??와 BCG와의 이온회합에 미치는 최적 반응 pH는 각각 6.0-8.5, 7.0-9.0이며, CDMBA??는 AS?? 와 1:1로 반응함을 알 수 있다. 2. SDS, SDBS 및 SDOSS의 정량범위는 각각 0-389.3㎍, 0-470.4㎍, 0-622.4㎍으로 미량에서 비교적 넓은 농도범위가지 정량이 가능하였다. 3. 본 정량법은 다량의 무기 염류가 공존하여도 영향을 받지 않고 조작이 간편하게 SDS, SDBS 및 SDOSS의 정량에 작용할 수 있고 실제 하천수중에 응용한 결과 BPB및 BCG에 대해 각각 96.6-105.2%, 94.8-105.2%의 만족할만한 회수를 얻었다. A simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (SDOSS) was establisged by the reaction of these anionic surfactants and cetyldimethylbenzylammonium ion (CDMBA??) with each of bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromocresol green (BCG), and the absorbance measurments were made at 590nm and 614nm, respectively. In the reaction of CDMBA?? and each of BPB and BCG, the conditions of pH were suitable in the range of 6.0∼8.5 and 7.0∼9.0, respectively. Beer's law did hold in the range of 0∼386.3㎍ for SDS, 0∼470.4㎍ for SDBS, and 0∼622.4㎍ for SDOSS. Many foreign inorganic ions present in water did not interface. The average recoveries for anionic surfactants in river water were 96.6∼105.2% for BPB and 94.8∼105.2% for BCG.

석탄회로 합성한 제올라이트에 의한 Sr(Ⅱ) 및 Cs(Ⅰ) 이온의 제거 특성

감상규,이동환,문명준,이민규 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.10

The adsorption behaviors of strontium and cesium ions on fly ash, natural zeolites, and zeolites synthesized from fly ash were investigated. The zeolites synthesized from fly ash had greater adsorption capabilities for strontium and cesium ions than the original fly ash and natural zeolites. The maximum adsorption capacity of synthetic zeolite for strontium and cesium ions was 100 and 154 ㎎/g, respectively. It was found that the Freundlich isotherm model could fit the adsorption isotherm. The distribution coefficients (K_(d)) for strontium and cesium ions were also calculated from the adsorption isotherm data. The distribution coefficients decreased with increasing equilibrium concentration of strontium and cesium ions in solution. By studying the removal of cesium and strontium ions in the presence of calcium. magnesium, sodium. potassium. sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, and EDTA (in the range of 0.01 - 5 mM) it was found that these coexistence ions competed for the same adsorption sites with strontium and cesium ions.

제주도 성산항내 부틸주석화합물의 분포와 생물체에 미치는 영향

감상규,안이선,고병철,조은일,이기호 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Butyltin compounds (BTs) in seawater, sediments and organisms (Thais clavigera, Liolophura japonica and Cellana nigrolineata), were quantitatively determined to evaluate their distribution inside Songsan Harbor of Cheju Island. In addition, imposex in T. clavigera was used to assess the effect on organisms of BTs. Analysis of the samples collected in seawater, sediments (March, June and August) and organisms (May, July and August) in 1998, confirmed the contamination of BTs in the aquatic environment inside Songsan Harbor. The main BTs species in seawater and sediments was monobutyltin (MBT), tributyltin (TBT), respectively, irrespective of survey time. In organisms, TBT and dibutyltin (DBT) were detected in similar concentrations for T. clavigera and L. japonica, but for C. nigrolineata, DBT concentration was the highest. TBT, the most toxic to aquatic organisms among BTs, was found at concentrations which were sufficient to have a serious effect on the sensitive organisms upon chronic exposure. The relatively high correlations (r>0.83) between BTs indicated that DBT and MBT were mainly degraded from TBT based on antifouling paint and their sources were negligible. The sedimentary organic matters did not have influence on the distribution of BTs in marine environment, and lipid content in T. clavigera did not show a correlation with TBT concentrations. The rate of occurrence of imposex in T. clavigera was 100 %, and the relative penis length index (RPLI) and the relative penis size index (RPSI) which represent the degree of imposex were 79.7%, 58.1%, respectively. Measurement of imposex in T. clavigera was expected to be a very helpful tool for preliminary survey of BTs prior to trace analysis of BTs.

활성탄/플리우레탄 복합담체를 충전한 바이오필터에서 H₂S의 제거특성

감상규,강경호,임진관,이민규 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.1

A biofiltration system using activated carbon/polyurethane composite as solid support inoculated with Bacillus sp. was developed for treating a gaseous stream containing high concentrations of H₂S. The effects of operating condition such as the influent H₂S concentration and the empty bed contact time (EBCT) on the removal efficiency of H₂S were investigated. The biofilter showed the stable removal efficiencies of over 99 % under the EBCT range from 15 to 60 sec at the 300 ppmv of H₂S inlet concentration. When the inlet concentration of H₂S was increased, the removal efficiencies decreased, reaching 95 and 74%, at EBCTs of 10 and 7.5 sec, respectively. The maximum elimination capacity in the biofilter packed with activated carbon/polyurethane composite media was 157 g/m³/hr.

천연 제올라이트에 의한 Phosphamidon 및 Fenitrothion의 흡착 특성

감상규,허철구 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

The adsorption characteristics of phosphorus insecticides(phosphamidon and fenitrothion) used in large amounts in golf course in natural zeolite(clinoptilolite) was investigated. The distribution coefficient, K_D and Freundlich constant, K_F, were higher for fenitrothion than those for phosphamidon, i.e., fenitrothion with the higher octanol-water partition coefficient(K_OW) was adsorbed the more on natural zeolite. The pesticide amount per unit mass of natural zeolite, decreased with increasing temperature but independent of pH, regardless of pesticides used in this study.

양이온 고분자전해질의 수중 입자의 응집에 미치는 교반강도 및 주입량의 영향

감상규,문창성,김대경,고병철,허철구 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

Using several cationic polyelectrolytes of different charge density and molecular weight as flocculants and a simple continuous optical technique(photometric dispersion analyzer, PDA), the effects of mixing intensity and polyelectrolyte dosage on flocculation of kaoline particles(35 NTU) and particles(34.7 NTU) in Kangjung reversior of heavy rainfall have been examined. The optimum mixing was obtained at the stirring of 200rpm(G= 869 s^-1). The charge density of a polyelectrolyte is important in determining the optimum dosage and in the removl of particles. The optimum dosage is less for the polyelectrolyte of higher charge density and at the dosage, the removal of particles is higher for the polyelectrolyte of higher charge density and zeta potential of particles reaches to near zero. The optimum dosage for the removal of particles should be determined by flocculation test and not be determined by the turbidity of particles in water.

제주도 한림항내 표층퇴적물 중의 부틸주석화합물의 분포

감상규,김현정,허철구,최영찬,이민규 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.7

Butyltin compounds (BTs), namely tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), were measured in surface sediments collected in 2001 inside Hallim Harbor where a lot of shipping occurs as one of major harbors of Jeju Island, in order to evaluate their distribution. BTs were detected in surface sediments of all stations and their concentrations were comparable to those in surface sediments of other sites of domestic and foreign countries. The main species among BTs was MBT, although there was a little difference with a survey site. No correlations were obtained between organic matter or particles size of surface sediments and total BTs, indicating that these factors did not affect on the distribution of BTs. It was estimated that more complex factors including BTs loads and surrounding sedimentary environments, affected on the distribution of BTs. The high correlations between BTs indicated that DBT and MBT were mainly degraded from TBT based on antifouling paints of vessel etc. and other sources, such as DBT and MBT, could be ignored. The butyltin degradation indexes ([DBT] + [MBT]/[TBT]) were in the range of 1.5~3.3 (mean 2.5), indicating that the parent compound, TBT, were inflowed into the surface sediments a long years ago and degraded.

수중의 Pyrene, Chrysene 및 Benzo[a]pyrene의 광분해(Ⅱ)

감상규,김지용,주창식,이민규 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.7

The photodegradations of pyrene, chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene that were similar in structure among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated with a low-pressure mercury lamp(the wavelength of 253.7 ㎚ and UV output of 1.35x10^(-3) J/s). The optimum concentrations of TiO₂ and H₂O₂ on the photodegradation of pyrene, chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene were 1 g/L and 1.5 x 10^(-3) M, respectively. By these optimum concentrations, their rates increased with increasing the concentration of TiO₂ and H₂O₂ because the amounts of OH radical formed increased, but for the higher concentrations than the optimum, their rates decreased with increasing those concentrations because the white turbidity phenomena occurs in case of TiO₂ and H₂O₂ acts as an OH radical inhibitor. The photodegradation rates among the photodegradation processes such as UV, UV/TiO₂, UV/H₂O₂, and UV/H₂O₂/TiO₂ decreased in the following sequences: UV/H₂O₂/TiO₂> UV/H₂O₂> UV/TiO₂> UV.