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- 저자 : Saima Arif (검색결과 4 건)
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Mini-review: oomycete RXLR genes as effector-triggered immunity
Saima Arif,장현아,김미르,오상근 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2018 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.45 No.4
Oomycetes are known to secrete a vast arsenal of effectors that modulate the host defense system as well as facilitate establishing a parasitic infection in plants. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the field of effectromics based on studies of oomycetes, especially the cytoplasmic family of RXLR effectors. Yet, the biology of the RXLR effector family is still poorly understood. There has been a consensus regarding the structure of the RXLR motif in the mycologist community. However, the function of the RXLR motif is still unclear. First, different models have suggested that the role of the RXLR motif is either in translocation to a target destination inside a host cell or in the cleavage of itself followed by secretion. Second, recent studies have suggested different functional models for the RXLR motif. According to a widely accepted model, the RXLR motif is directly involved in the translocation of effectors to target sites. In contrast, a new study has proposed that the RXLR motif is involved in secretion rather than translocation. Thus, this review is an attempt to summarize the recent advances made in the functional analysis of the N-terminal domain of RXLR effectors.
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Tahmeena Khan,Alfred Lawrence,Samridhi Dwivedi,Saima Arif,Shrishti Dwivedi,Astha Upadhyay,Akriti Abraham,Venessa Roberts KOSAE·JSAE·CSES-CSAE 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
The present study was conducted in Lucknow city to assess the impact of firecracker burning during Diwali, from 2 November 2021-6 November 2021 including the pre and post-Diwali days. The concentrations of PM<SUB>10</SUB>, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, SO₃, NO₂, CO, O₃, benzene and toluene, were monitored from the Central Pollution Control Board site on an hourly basis. The Air Quality Index was also recorded for PM<SUB>10</SUB>, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, SO₂ and NO₂. A questionnaire survey was done with 51 doctors to know the reported complaints post-Diwali. On Diwali night the PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> value reached 262 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> around 22:00 hours and the maximum value (900 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>) was obtained on 5 November, reported from the Central School monitoring station. From Gomti Nagar highest PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> value obtained on Diwali day was 538 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> at 23:00 hours reaching 519 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> post-Diwali. Areas belonging to the old part of the city witnessed higher variations as PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> crossed 900 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>, in Lalbagh and Talkatora areas. The multivariate analysis showed that on Diwali night there was an increase of 204, 386, 344 and 341 in the PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentration reported from Gomtinagar, Central School, Talkatora and Lalbagh stations, showing that firecracker burning resulted in a significant increase in air pollution. The Toluene/Benzene ratio was mostly more than 1 indicating that toluene and benzene may be emitted from other sources as well including the mobile sources. Around 50-75% rise was seen in the number of patients post-Diwali. 57.1% of the reported cases had respiratory issues, followed by allergic reactions. The data obtained from Lalbagh, Talkatora and Central School showed that although the values remained high, a decreasing trend was seen in the AQI compared to previous years which is a good sign and may be attributed to public awareness and the ongoing pandemic making people conscious.
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Hyun A Jang,May Moe Oo,Dae-Gyu Kim,Ha-Yeon Yoon,Mi-Reu Kim,Kyo-Sang Lee,Khaing Shwe Zin Thinn,Saima Arif,Jia Guo Geng,Ji-Young Min,Dong Jun Lim,허윤영,오상근 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.5
Grape ripe rot is a fungal disease, which is almost inextinguishable particularly before and after harvest in most vineyards. The management of this disease largely depends on the breeding of resistant varieties. Thus, the search for resistant varietiesshould parallel the molecular analysis of the markers associated with disease resistance. Here, we tested the leaf inoculationassay of Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides by inoculating them into 350 grapevine varieties. As a resultof the phenotypes common to both species, 119 varieties (34%) were classifi ed as resistant. Consequently, we discoveredthe locus with nucleotide-binding sites and carboxyterminal leucine-rich repeat regions ( NBS-LRR ) associated with graperipe rot resistance through genotyping-by-sequencing and genome-wide association study. Ultimately, we identifi ed theVitis vinifera Colletotrichum resistance protein ( VvCRP ) markers from chromosome 3, which belongs to the CC-NBS-LRRtype, as disease-resistant proteins. These markers were verifi ed as the melting peak, and their chromatograms of nucleotidesequences were visualized in each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. All the SNP markers diff erentiated successfullythe resistant from the susceptible cultivars. Interestingly, we also found that a resistant cultivar named Bailey AlicanteA has a heterozygous genotype, substantiating its potential usefulness for crops such as grapevine with many hybrids. Altogether,our results indicate that VvCRP markers can be utilized to distinguish grape ripe rot-resistant cultivars, particularlyin crossbreeding populations.
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