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Tahmeena Khan,Alfred Lawrence,Samridhi Dwivedi,Saima Arif,Shrishti Dwivedi,Astha Upadhyay,Akriti Abraham,Venessa Roberts KOSAE·JSAE·CSES-CSAE 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
The present study was conducted in Lucknow city to assess the impact of firecracker burning during Diwali, from 2 November 2021-6 November 2021 including the pre and post-Diwali days. The concentrations of PM<SUB>10</SUB>, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, SO₃, NO₂, CO, O₃, benzene and toluene, were monitored from the Central Pollution Control Board site on an hourly basis. The Air Quality Index was also recorded for PM<SUB>10</SUB>, PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, SO₂ and NO₂. A questionnaire survey was done with 51 doctors to know the reported complaints post-Diwali. On Diwali night the PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> value reached 262 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> around 22:00 hours and the maximum value (900 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>) was obtained on 5 November, reported from the Central School monitoring station. From Gomti Nagar highest PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> value obtained on Diwali day was 538 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> at 23:00 hours reaching 519 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> post-Diwali. Areas belonging to the old part of the city witnessed higher variations as PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> crossed 900 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>, in Lalbagh and Talkatora areas. The multivariate analysis showed that on Diwali night there was an increase of 204, 386, 344 and 341 in the PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentration reported from Gomtinagar, Central School, Talkatora and Lalbagh stations, showing that firecracker burning resulted in a significant increase in air pollution. The Toluene/Benzene ratio was mostly more than 1 indicating that toluene and benzene may be emitted from other sources as well including the mobile sources. Around 50-75% rise was seen in the number of patients post-Diwali. 57.1% of the reported cases had respiratory issues, followed by allergic reactions. The data obtained from Lalbagh, Talkatora and Central School showed that although the values remained high, a decreasing trend was seen in the AQI compared to previous years which is a good sign and may be attributed to public awareness and the ongoing pandemic making people conscious.