[Oral Session 4] THE EFFECT OF FILLERS ON THE DEINKING OF PHOTOCOPIED PAPER

Qing-min Chen,Hou-min Chang 한국펄프·종이공학회 1999 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

Model experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different fillers on the removal of toner ink. Combinations of different papers (commercial photocopy paper and filler-free paper), fillers (calcium carbonate, kaolin clay, and talc), and chemicals (l-octadecanol, stearic acid, oleic acid, and TOFA) were studied. In the absence of fillers, l-octadecanol, oleic acid, tall oil fatty acid (a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids consisting mainly of oleic and linoleic acids-TOFA) and stearic acid were found to be effective in detachment and agglomeration of toner ink. Furthermore, pH had little effect on toner detachment and agglomeration, indicating both protonated fatty acids and their anions are equally effective. In the presence of either kaolin clay or talc, all these agglomerating agents are equally effective, although a slightly higher dosage (1 % for clay and 2% for talc as compared with control) is required, presumably due to the adsorption of chemical by the filler. Calcium carbonate filler, on the other hand, has a significant and adverse effect on the fatty acids used but has little effect on l-octadecanol with the exception of possible adsorption. While stearic acid is not effective, a much higher level of oleic acid or TOFA is needed when calcium carbonate fillers are present as compared to the fillers case. Fatty acids react with calcium carbonate to form calcium salts. The availability of fatty acid anion for toner detachment and agglomeration is determined by the solubility of calcium salt of a given fatty acid. Calcium oleate is 10 times more soluble in water than calcium stearate.

Abbreviated MRI Protocols for Detecting Breast Cancer in Women with Dense Breasts

Shuang-Qing Chen,Min Huang,Yu-Ying Shen,Chen-Lu Liu,Chuan-Xiao Xu 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the validity of two abbreviated protocols (AP) of MRI in breast cancer screening of dense breast tissue. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study in 356 participants with dense breast tissue and negative mammography results. The study was approved by the Nanjing Medical University Ethics Committee. Patients were imaged with a full diagnostic protocol (FDP) of MRI. Two APs (AP-1 consisting of the first post-contrast subtracted [FAST] and maximum-intensity projection [MIP] images, and AP-2 consisting of AP-1 combined with diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI]) and FDP images were analyzed separately, and the sensitivities and specificities of breast cancer detection were calculated. Results: Of the 356 women, 67 lesions were detected in 67 women (18.8%) by standard MR protocol, and histological examination revealed 14 malignant lesions and 53 benign lesions. The average interpretation time of AP-1 and AP-2 were 37 seconds and 54 seconds, respectively, while the average interpretation time of the FDP was 3 minutes and 25 seconds. The sensitivities of the AP-1, AP-2, and FDP were 92.9, 100, and 100%, respectively, and the specificities of the three MR protocols were 86.5, 95.0, and 96.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three MR protocols in the diagnosis of breast cancer (p > 0.05). However, the specificity of AP-1 was significantly lower than that of AP-2 (p = 0.031) and FDP (p = 0.035), while there was no difference between AP-2 and FDP (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The AP may be efficient in the breast cancer screening of dense breast tissue. FAST and MIP images combined with DWI of MRI are helpful to improve the specificity of breast cancer detection.

The Effects of ALA-PDT on Leukemia Cells and Hepatoma Cells

Chen, Ji-Yao,Ren, Qing-Guang,Wu, Su-Min,Wang, Pei-Nan Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

S-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a new kind drug used in photodynamic therapy. ALA-PDT have successfully used in superficial malignancies and some skin diseases. Here the effects of ALA-PDT were studied on leukemia cells and hepatoma cells to explore the application on different kind cancers. It was found from the fluorescence emission spectra, that after ALA incubation the sensitizer - protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) was endogenously produced in both leukemia and hepatoma cells. The fluorescence images showed that the PpIX distribute in cytoplasm. However the efficiency of ALA photodynamic inactivation to two cell lines was different. The leukemia cells were more sensitive for ALA-PDT than hepatoma cells, revealing that the ALA-PDT effect is cell line dependent. However by using ALA-Hexyl ester (He-ALA) instead of ALA, the cell photo-inactivation was improved. The PDT efficiency of He-ALA was 10 times high than that of ALA, showing He-ALA is a very promising drug in ALA-PDT.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Dynamic Responses of the Remaining Structure under Impact Loading with Column Being Removed

Chen Ou,Jun Liu,Lei Sun,Zhi-min Xiao,Yi Cheng,Ming-qing Liu,Fu-tian Zhao,Meng-yang Zhen,Yue Wang 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.6

The dynamic response and stability of building structures under accidental loads such as earthquake, explosion, and impact have been focused by experts. The significant influence will be induced once the damaged structure begins to collapse. In this study, a reinforced concrete frame structure model was designed and tested to study the dynamic response law of the structure under the condition of the failure of the middle column of the model structure, the remaining structure successively failed the load-bearing column and continued to be subjected to impact load and uniform load. The analytical method was used to calculate the ultimate uniform load subjecting to the structure under the failure of four load-bearing columns, because its value was less than the load in this test, the structure collapsed. The finite element calculation model was established, and compared the simulation results to the test results to verify its rationality. Then, the influence of the impact energy and the structural stores on the dynamic response of the structure were analyzed. The results showed that the peak value of the dynamic response of the damaged structure did not increase strictly with the increase of the number of failure columns, which may be related to the sequence of failure columns.

An Optimized Motion Estimation Algorithm and Application in the FRUC System

Min-Jun Deng,Ping Gan,Zhuo Chen,Xiao-Qing Shen,Dong-Lian Li,Ming-Yan Yu,Yu Zhang,Cai -Lan Zeng,He Huang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.8

Based on the optimized three-step search algorithm. Combining threshold judgment as well as local full search, a more efficient motion estimation algorithm is proposed. The algorithm not only inherited the traditional three-step algorithm’s quick speed but also kept the advantages of a relatively small amount of calculation, besides it can avoid the local optimum problem in the three-step search algorithm (TSS). In addition, the algorithm combined with the threshold judgment and local full search algorithm, so it also maintains satisfactory visual quality. Comparing the algorithm with TSS and local full search algorithm (LFS). The algorithm has great performance in search points and peak signal-to-noise ratio. Experimental results show that compared with LFS, search points drop by 34.61% ~ 54.47% .While compared with the TSS, the search points only rise by 6.15% ~ 12.21%. The average PSNR of proposed Algorithm is 0.24dB higher than LFS and 3.30dB higher than TSS.

Electrode properties of porous La2NiO4+δ layers screen-printed on a Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ electrolyte

Qing Xu,Bok-Hee Kim,Kai Zhao,Duan-Ping Huang,Min Chen,Hong Wang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.2

A La2NiO4+δ/Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ/La2NiO4+δ symmetrical cell was prepared using a screen-printing method by sintering at 1100℃. The electrochemical properties of the cell were examined by the impedance spectroscopy technique under zero dc bias in air between 500-700℃. The La2NiO4+δ electrodes displayed satisfactory chemical and thermodynamic compatibilities with the Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ electrolyte. A comparatively low area specific resistance of 0.18 Ω cm2 at 700℃ was determined for the La2NiO4+δ electrodes. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed that the La2NiO4+δ electrodes showed a reasonable porosity, a well-necked connection among fine grains and a tight adhesion to the electrolyte support. The desired microstructure is regarded to be responsible for the superior electrode properties of the La2NiO4+δ layers. A La2NiO4+δ/Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ/La2NiO4+δ symmetrical cell was prepared using a screen-printing method by sintering at 1100℃. The electrochemical properties of the cell were examined by the impedance spectroscopy technique under zero dc bias in air between 500-700℃. The La2NiO4+δ electrodes displayed satisfactory chemical and thermodynamic compatibilities with the Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ electrolyte. A comparatively low area specific resistance of 0.18 Ω cm2 at 700℃ was determined for the La2NiO4+δ electrodes. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed that the La2NiO4+δ electrodes showed a reasonable porosity, a well-necked connection among fine grains and a tight adhesion to the electrolyte support. The desired microstructure is regarded to be responsible for the superior electrode properties of the La2NiO4+δ layers.

Clinical Model for Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinomas in Patients with Post-Sustained Virologic Responses of Chronic Hepatitis C: A Case Control Study

( Qing-lei Zeng ),( Bing Li ),( Xue-xiu Zhang ),( Yan Chen ),( Yan-ling Fu ),( Jun Lv ),( Yan-min Liu ),( Zu-jiang Yu ) 대한소화기학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.6

Background/Aims: No clinical model exists to predict the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in sustained virologic response-achieving (HCC after SVR) patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: We performed a case-control study using a clinical database to research the risk factors for HCC after SVR. A predictive model based on risk factors was established, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. Results: In the multivariate model, an initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis and post-SVR albumin reductions of 1 g/L were associated with 21.7-fold (95% CI, 4.2 to 112.3; p< 0.001) and 1.3-fold (95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7; p=0.004) increases in the risk of HCC after SVR, respectively. A predictive model based on an initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis (yes, +1; no, 0) and post- SVR albumin ≤36.0 g/L (yes, +1; not, 0) predicted the occurrence of HCC after SVR with a cutoff value of >0, an AUC of 0.880, a sensitivity of 0.833, a specificity of 0.896, and a negative predictive value of 0.956. Conclusions: An initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis combined with a post-SVR albumin value of ≤36.0 g/L predicts the occurrence of HCC after SVR in patients with CHC. (Gut Liver 2016;10:955-961)

Lung-Targeting Delivery of Dexamethasone Acetate Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles

Qing-yu Xiang,Yuan Huang,Zhi-rong Zhang,Min-ting Wang,Fu Chen,Tao Gong,Yan-lin Jian 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.4

The objective of the present study was to develop a novel solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) for the lung-targeting delivery of dexamethasone acetate (DXM) by intravenous administration. DXM loaded SLN colloidal suspensions were prepared by the high pressure homogenization method. The mean particle size, drug loading capacity and drug entrapment efficiency (EE %) of SLNs were investigated. In vitro drug release was also determined. The biodistribution and lung-targeting efficiency of DXM-SLNs and DXM-solutions (DXM-sol) in mice after intravenous administration were studied using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results (expressed as mean ± SD) showed that the DXM-SLNs had an average diameter of 552 ± 6.5 nm with a drug loading capacity of 8.79 ± 0.04% and an entrapment efficiency of 92.1 ± 0.41%. The in vitro drug release profile showed that the initial burst release of DXM from DXM-SLNs was about 68% during the first 2 h, and then the remaining drug was released gradually over the following 48 hours. The biodistribution of DXM-SLNs in mice was significantly different from that of DXM-sol. The concentration of DXM in the lung reached a maximum level at 0.5 h post DXM-SLNs injection. A 17.8-fold larger area under the curve of DXM-SLNs was achieved compared to that of DXM-sol. These results indicate that SLN may be promising lung-targeting drug carrier for lipophilic drugs such as DXM.

Lactoferrin Alleviates the Progression of Atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− Mice Fed with High-Fat/Cholesterol Diet Through Cholesterol Homeostasis

Chen-Jie Ling,Qing-Qing Min,Jin-Rong Yang,Zheng Zhang,Huan-Huan Yang,Jia-Ying Xu,Li-qiang Qin 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.10

Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional glycoprotein and has beneficial effects on the regulation of lipid metabolism. However, whether LF supplementation alleviates the development of atherosclerosis (AS) remains unclear. In the present study, all of 48 male Apolipoprotein E−/− mice were fed with high-fat diet with 1.25% added cholesterol and divided to four treatment groups with either distilled water (HFCD), LF solutions at 2 mg/mL (low LF), 10 mg/mL (middle LF or MLF), or 20 mg/mL (high LF or HLF) for 12 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. At the end of the experiment, lipids in serum, liver, and feces were determined. The livers, whole aortas, and aortic sinuses were pathologically examined. The protein expression of factors related to cholesterol synthesis, absorption, and excretion were detected through western blot. No significant difference in body weight, food intake, and OGTT was observed among the four groups. Compared with the HFCD group, the MLF and HLF groups had significantly decreased serum and hepatic cholesterol levels and significantly increased fecal cholesterol contents. LF alleviated the hepatic steatosis and lipid droplet, especially in the MLF group. LF also significantly decreased the average lesion areas in the whole aorta, especially in the MLF group. On the other hand, LF downregulated hepatic protein expression of HMG-CoA reductase (the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis) and upregulated cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis from cholesterol). LF also downregulated the intestinal expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 protein, which is known to bind to a critical mediator of cholesterol absorption. In conclusion, LF supplementation alleviates the AS in mice on HFCD likely by reducing the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and increasing cholesterol excretion.

Strong and biocompatible poly(lactic acid) membrane enhanced by Ti₃C₂T_z (MXene) nanosheets for Guided bone regeneration

Chen, Ke,Chen, Youhu,Deng, Qihuang,Jeong, Seol-Ha,Jang, Tae-Sik,Du, Shiyu,Kim, Hyoun-Ee,Huang, Qing,Han, Cheol-Min Elsevier 2018 Materials letters Vol.229 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, strong and biocompatible Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB>-enhanced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposite membranes were prepared. The interface of the Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB> nanosheets with the hydrophobic PLA matrix was mediated using n-octyltriethoxysilane (OTES). The optimized ultimate tensile strength of the OTES-Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB>/PLA nanocomposite membrane was 72 MPa (33% higher than that of a pure PLA membrane). The addition of Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB> enhanced the biological properties of the membrane, including the <I>in vitro</I> adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblasts.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> First effort to introduce MXene into polymer matrix for tissue engineering. </LI> <LI> A robust strategy developed to prepare Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB>-enhanced PLA nanocomposite. </LI> <LI> Successful interfacial mediation between hydrophilic Ti<SUB>3</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>T<SUB>z</SUB> nanosheets and hydrophobic PLA. </LI> <LI> Intriguing future of this strong and biocompatible nanocomposite for GBR membrane. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>