Arginine Supplementation Recovered the IFN-gamma-Mediated Decrease in Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis by Inhibiting the GCN2/eIF2alpha Pathway, Which Induces Autophagy in Primary Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Liancheng Lei,Xiaojing Xia,Yanyi Che,Yuanyuan Gao,Shuang Zhao,Changjin Ao,Hongjian Yang,Juxiong Liu,Guo-wen Liu,Wenyu Han,Yuping Wang 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.5

During the lactation cycle of the bovine mammary gland, autophagy is induced in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) as a cellular homeostasis and survival mecha-nism. Interferon gamma (IFN-) is an important antiproliferative and apoptogenic factor that has been shown to induce autophagy in multiple cell lines in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether IFN- can induce autophagy and whether autophagy affects milk synthesis in BMECs. To understand whether IFN- affects milk synthesis, we isolated and purified primary BMECs and investigated the effect of IFN- on milk synthesis in primary BMECs in vitro. The results showed that IFN- significantly inhibits milk synthesis and that autophagy was clearly induced in primary BMECs in vitro within 24 h. Interestingly, autophagy was observed following IFN- treatment, and the inhibition of autophagy can improve milk protein and milk fat syn-thesis. Conversely, upregulation of autophagy decreased milk synthesis. Furthermore, mechanistic analysis con-firmed that IFN- mediated autophagy by depleting argi-nine and inhibiting the general control nonderepressible-2 kinase (GCN2)/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) signaling pathway in BMECs. Then, it was found that arginine supplementation could attenuate IFN--induced autophagy and recover milk synthesis to some extent. These findings may not only provide a novel measure for preventing the IFN--induced decrease in milk quality but also a useful therapeutic approach for IFN--associated breast diseases in other animals and humans.

Preparation of the Multicomponent High Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes with Layer by Layer Self-assembly Technique

Quantong Che,Fuzhan Feng,Lei Liu,Haoqun Fan,Ziyun Li 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.8

Layer by layer (LBL) self-assembly technique has been proved to be a feasible method that enables to accomplish the preparation of functional membranes with multilayered structure. In this research, the polymer of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) and thioglycolic acid capping of cadmium telluride (CdTe) nanocrystals as polyanion, the polymer of polyurethane (PU) as polycation have been used to prepare membrane electrolytes. These multilayered membranes showed good thermal stability and exhibited low liquid methanol permeability, which provided a possibility for the prepared membranes as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) to apply in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). We have also demonstrated that the multicomponent (SPEEK/PU/CdTe/PU)100 membranes favored to combine more phosphoric acid (PA) molecules and possessed a higher proton conductivity comparing to the bicomponent (SPEEK/PU)210 membranes. So PA doped (SPEEK/PU/CdTe/PU)100 membrane presented a maximum proton conductivity up to 8.6×10-2 S/cm at 160 oC under anhydrous conditions. However, PA doped (SPEEK/PU)210 membranes underwent a drop on proton conductivity while the temperature exceeded 120 oC.

Cerebrosides from Sea Cucumber Protect Against Oxidative Stress in SAMP8 Mice and PC12 Cells

Hongxia Che,Lei Du,Peixu Cong,Suyuan Tao,Ning Ding,Fengjuan Wu,Changhu Xue,Jie Xu,Yuming Wang 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.4

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Emerging evidence implicates β-amyloid (Aβ) plays a critical role in the progression of AD. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of cerebrosides obtained from sea cucumber against senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice in vivo. We also studied the effect of cerebrosides on Aβ-induced cytotoxicity on the rat pheochromocytoma cell (PC12) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cerebrosides ameliorated learning and memory deficits and the Aβ accumulation in demented mice, decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-G), and nitric oxide (NO), and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly. The neuroprotective effect of sea cucumber cerebrosides (SCC) was also verified in vitro: the cerebrosides increased the survival rate of PC12 cells, recovered the cellular morphology, downregulated the protein levels of Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-3, total Caspase-3, and Bax, and upregulated the protein level of Bcl-2, revealing that cerebrosides could inhibit Aβ-induced cell apoptosis. The results showed the protective effect of SCC was regulated by the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. Our results provide a new approach to developing the marine organisms as functional foods for neuroprotection.

Arginine Supplementation Recovered the IFN-γ-Mediated Decrease in Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis by Inhibiting the GCN2/eIF2α Pathway, Which Induces Autophagy in Primary Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Xia, Xiaojing,Che, Yanyi,Gao, Yuanyuan,Zhao, Shuang,Ao, Changjin,Yang, Hongjian,Liu, Juxiong,Liu, Guowen,Han, Wenyu,Wang, Yuping,Lei, Liancheng Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.5

During the lactation cycle of the bovine mammary gland, autophagy is induced in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) as a cellular homeostasis and survival mechanism. Interferon gamma ($IFN-{\gamma}$) is an important antiproliferative and apoptogenic factor that has been shown to induce autophagy in multiple cell lines in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether $IFN-{\gamma}$ can induce autophagy and whether autophagy affects milk synthesis in BMECs. To understand whether $IFN-{\gamma}$ affects milk synthesis, we isolated and purified primary BMECs and investigated the effect of $IFN-{\gamma}$ on milk synthesis in primary BMECs in vitro. The results showed that $IFN-{\gamma}$ significantly inhibits milk synthesis and that autophagy was clearly induced in primary BMECs in vitro within 24 h. Interestingly, autophagy was observed following $IFN-{\gamma}$ treatment, and the inhibition of autophagy can improve milk protein and milk fat synthesis. Conversely, upregulation of autophagy decreased milk synthesis. Furthermore, mechanistic analysis confirmed that $IFN-{\gamma}$ mediated autophagy by depleting arginine and inhibiting the general control nonderepressible-2 kinase (GCN2)/eukaryotic initiation factor $2{\alpha}$ ($eIF2{\alpha}$) signaling pathway in BMECs. Then, it was found that arginine supplementation could attenuate $IFN-{\gamma}$-induced autophagy and recover milk synthesis to some extent. These findings may not only provide a novel measure for preventing the $IFN-{\gamma}$-induced decrease in milk quality but also a useful therapeutic approach for $IFN-{\gamma}$-associated breast diseases in other animals and humans.

Research on the Improvement of Traditional Linear Weighted Algorithm for QoS-based Web Service Selection

Yuqiang Li,Wei Zhao,Lei Che 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.4

Design of potent, non-toxic anticancer peptides based on the structure of the antimicrobial peptide, temporin-1CEa

Qing-Zhu Yang,Che Wang,Lei Lang,Yang Zhou,He Wang,De-Jing Shang 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.11

Recent advances in the search for novel anticanceragents have indicated that the positively chargedantimicrobial peptides have emerged as promising agentsoffering several advantages over the conventional anticancerdrugs. As a naturally occurring, cationic, a-helicalantimicrobial peptide, temproin-1CEa has been proved toexhibit a potent anticancer effect and a moderate hemolyticactivity. In order to reduce the hemolytic activity of temporin-1CEa and improve its anticancer potency towards arange of human breast cancer cells, in the present study, sixanalogs of temporin-1CEa were rationally designed andsynthesized. The amphipathicity levels and a-helicalstructural patterns of peptides were reserved, while theircationic property and hydrophobicity were changed. Theresults of MTT and hemolysis assay indicated that theanalog peptides displayed an improved anticancer activityand showed an overall optimized therapeutic index. Thehydrophobicity of peptides was positively correlated withtheir hemolytic and antitumor activities. Moreover, the datasuggest a strategy of increasing the cationicity whilemaintaining the moderate hydrophobicity of naturallyoccurring amphipathic a-helical peptides to generate analogswith improved cytotoxicity against tumor cells butdecreased activity against non-neoplastic cells such ashuman erythrocytes. This work highlights the potential forrational design and synthesis of improved antimicrobialpeptides that have the capability to be used therapeuticallyfor treatment of cancers.

Effects of Continuous Straw Returning on Soil Functional Microorganisms and Microbial Communities

Guan Yunpeng,Wu Meikang,Che Songhao,Yuan Shuai,Yang Xue,Li Siyuan,Tian Ping,Wu Lei,Yang Meiying,Wu Zhihai 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.1

This study examined the changes in soil enzymatic activity, microbial carbon source metabolic diversity, and straw decomposition rates in paddy fields treated with 1, 2, or 3 years of straw returning (SR1–SR3). The soil’s ability to decompose straw and cellulolytic bacteria increased with the number of treatment years (1: 31.9% vs. 2: 43.9% vs. 3: 51.9%, P < 0.05). The numbers of Azotobacter, Nitrobacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and inorganic phosphate bacteria increased progressively with the numbers of straw returning years. Cellulolytic bacteria and inorganic phosphate bacteria were significantly positively correlated with the decomposition rate (r = 0.783 and r = 0.375, P < 0.05). Based on 16S sequencing results, straw returning improved the microbial diversity of paddy soils by increasing unclassified bacteria and keeping dominant soil microorganism populations unchanged. The relative importance of individual microbial taxa was compared using random forest models. Proteobacteria, ammoniating bacteria, and potassium dissolving bacteria contributed to peroxidase activity. The significant contributors to phosphate monoesterase were Acidobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria. Proteobacteria, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria contributed to urease activity. Desulfobacterota, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria contributed to the neutral invertase activity. In conclusion, soil microbial community structure and function were affected within 2 years of straw returning, which was driven by the combined effects of soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium, and pH. With elapsing straw returning years, soil properties interacted with soil microbial communities, and a healthier soil micro-ecological environment would form.

Comparative analysis biochar and compost-induced degradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in soils

He, Lizhi,Fan, Shiliang,Mü,ller, Karin,Wang, Hailong,Che, Lei,Xu, Song,Song, Zhaoliang,Yuan, Guodong,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Ok, Yong Sik,Bolan, Nanthi S. Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.625 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In recent years, biochar has been extensively studied as a sorbent for immobilizing contaminants and minimizing their bioavailability in soils. Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the interactions between biochar and compost in soils and their impact on degradation of organic contaminants. In the present study, soils with high organic carbon content (HOC) and low organic carbon content (LOC) were spiked with 100mg·kg<SUP>−1</SUP> di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) amended with biochar derived from dead pigs, bamboo, and composted sheep manure. The soils were thereafter incubated for 112days at 25°C and periodically sampled for monitoring DEHP concentrations. Degradation of DEHP was described by a logistic model. Results showed that the initial degradation rates were slow, but accelerated after 14days of incubation. The DEHP degradation rates were higher in the HOC soils than in the LOC soils over the incubation period. The half-lives of DEHP were shorter in the LOC soils treated with pig biochar, and bamboo/pig biochar plus compost than in the untreated soil. However, there was no significant difference in the half-lives of DEHP in the HOC control and treated soils. The differential effects of soil amendments on DEHP degradation between LOC and HOC soils could be explained by the properties of the organic amendments, soil pH and the organic carbon contents of the soils.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) degraded faster in high organic matter soil. </LI> <LI> DEHP half-life declined in low organic matter soil amended with biochar and compost. </LI> <LI> Biochar had no effect on DEHP half-life in high organic matter soil. </LI> <LI> DEHP degradation accelerated after 2weeks incubation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Development and validation of the vitiligo extent score for a target area (VESTA): An international collaborative study

( Jung Min Bae ),( Sang Ho Oh ),( Hee Young Kang ),( Young Wook Ryoo ),( Cheng-che E. Lan ),( Lei-hong Xiang ),( Ki-ho Kim ),( Tamio Suzuki ),( Ichiro Katayama ),( Seung-chul Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Patients with vitiligo are more likely to have limited involvement than widespread one. Therefore, localized treatment is essential and a reliable instrument for target evaluation is needed. Objectives: To validate the accuracy and reliability of the Vitiligo Extent Score for a Target Area (VESTA) for assessing treatment response in a target lesion. Methods: A validation study was performed for 17 pairs of vitiligo images (pre- and post-treatment) between March and April 2017 by 65 dermatologists in 10 institutes, using both a rough estimate and the VESTA. Accuracy was evaluated by calculating concordance correlation coefficients (CCCs) between the true values and each measurement. Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities were assessed by deriving intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The smallest detectable change (SDC) was calculated with each coefficient. Results: The VESTA (CCC: 0.949, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.942-0.955) was significantly more accurate than the rough estimate (CCC: 0.896, 95% CI 0.883-0.908). These corresponded to an SDC95 of 1.5% for the VESTA and 4.1% for the rough estimate. Inter-rater reliability showed an ICC of 0.928 (SDC95: 12.8%) for the VESTA and 0.900 (SDC95: 19.6%) for the rough estimate. Intra-rater reliability showed an ICC of 0.944 (SDC95: 1.7%) for the VESTA and 0.943 (SDC95: 1.8%) for the rough estimate. Conclusion: The VESTA afforded accurate and reliable assessments of treatment response in a target area.

Bamboo- and pig-derived biochars reduce leaching losses of dibutyl phthalate, cadmium, and lead from co-contaminated soils

Qin, Peng,Wang, Hailong,Yang, Xing,He, Lizhi,Mü,ller, Karin,Shaheen, Sabry M.,Xu, Song,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Ok, Yong Sik,Bolan, Nanthi,Song, Zhaoliang,Che, Lei,Xu, Xiaoya Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.198 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biochar effect on the potential mobility of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in co-contaminated soils is not well investigated. A laboratory leaching study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochars derived from bamboo (BB) and pig (PB) on the leachability of DBP, Cd, and Pb through soil columns packed with two soils with low or high organic carbon content (LOC; 0.35% C: HOC; 2.24% C) and spiked with DBP, Cd, and Pb. Application of PB to the LOC soil significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) reduced the leaching loss by up to 88% for DBP, 38% for Cd, and 71% for Pb, whereas its impact was insignificant in the HOC soil. The higher efficacy of PB in reducing the leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the LOC soil than that of BB might be related to PB's higher specific surface area, surface alkalinity, pH, and mineral contents compared to those of BB. Co-contamination of Cd and Pb enhanced leaching of DBP in the LOC soil treated with PB, possibly by competition for the sorption sites. Leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb were significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) higher in the LOC soil than in the HOC soil. This study revealed that the effectiveness of biochars was dependent on the soil organic carbon content. Application of PB to the LOC soil was effective in reducing the leaching risk of DBP, Cd, and Pb.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pig biochar reduced leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the low organic carbon (LOC) soil. </LI> <LI> Contaminant leaching was higher in the LOC soil than in the high organic carbon soil. </LI> <LI> Existence of Cd and Pb enhanced mobility of DBP in the pig biochar-treated LOC soil. </LI> <LI> Alkalinity and phosphate in biochar controlled the leaching loss of Cd and Pb. </LI> <LI> Impact of pig biochar on leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb is stronger than bamboo biochar. </LI> </UL> </P>