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Kwon, So Young,Park, Yong Kwang,Ahn, Sung Hyun,Cho, Eun Sook,Choe, Won Hyeok,Lee, Chang Hong,Kim, Byung Kook,Ko, Soon Young,Choi, Hyo Sun,Park, Eun-Sook,Shin, Gu Choul,Kim, Kyun-Hwan American Society for Microbiology 2010 Journal of virology Vol.84 No.9
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Clevudine (CLV) is a nucleoside analog with potent antiviral activity against chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Viral resistance to CLV in patients receiving CLV therapy has not been reported. The aim of this study was to characterize CLV-resistant HBV in patients with viral breakthrough (BT) during long-term CLV therapy. The gene encoding HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) was analyzed from chronic hepatitis B patients with viral BT during CLV therapy. Sera collected from the patients at baseline and at the time of viral BT were studied. To characterize the mutations of HBV isolated from the patients, we subjected the HBV mutants to <I>in vitro</I> drug susceptibility assays. Several conserved mutations were identified in the RT domain during viral BT, with M204I being the most common. <I>In vitro</I> phenotypic analysis showed that the mutation M204I was predominantly associated with CLV resistance, whereas L229V was a compensatory mutation for the impaired replication of the M204I mutant. A quadruple mutant (L129M, V173L, M204I, and H337N) was identified that conferred greater replicative ability and strong resistance to both CLV and lamivudine. All of the CLV-resistant clones were lamivudine resistant. They were susceptible to adefovir, entecavir, and tenofovir, except for one mutant clone. In conclusion, the mutation M204I in HBV RT plays a major role in CLV resistance and leads to viral BT during long-term CLV treatment. Several conserved mutations may have a compensatory role in replication. Drug susceptibility assays reveal that adefovir and tenofovir are the most effective compounds against CLV-resistant mutants. These data may provide additional therapeutic options for CLV-resistant patients.</P>
( Sang-Yun Yang ),( Hyung Gu Lee ),( Yonggun Park ),( Hyunwoo Chung ),( Hyunbin Kim ),( Se-Yeong Park ),( In-Gyu Choi ),( Ohkyung Kwon ),( Hwanmyeong Yeo ) 한국목재공학회 2019 목재공학 Vol.47 No.4
In our previous study, we investigated the use of ensemble models based on LeNet and MiniVGGNet to classify the images of transverse and longitudinal surfaces of five Korean softwoods (cedar, cypress, Korean pine, Korean red pine, and larch). It had accomplished an average F1 score of more than 98%; the classification performance of the longitudinal surface image was still less than that of the transverse surface image. In this study, ensemble methods of two different convolutional neural network models (LeNet3 for smartphone camera images and NIRNet for NIR spectra) were applied to lumber species classification. Experimentally, the best classification performance was obtained by the averaging ensemble method of LeNet3 and NIRNet. The average F1 scores of the individual LeNet3 model and the individual NIRNet model were 91.98% and 85.94%, respectively. By the averaging ensemble method of LeNet3 and NIRNet, an average F1 score was increased to 95.31%.
Electrochemical Behavior of Mordant Red 19 and its Complexes with Light Lanthanides
Sang Kwon Lee,Taek Dong Chung,Song-Ju Lee,Ki-Hyung Chjo,Young Gu Ha,Ki-Won Cha,Hasuck Kim Korean Chemical Society 1993 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.14 No.5
Mordant Red 19(MR19) is reduced at mercury electrode at -0.67 V vs. Ag/AgCl with two electrons per molecule in pH 9.2 buffer by differential pulse polarography and linear sweep voltammetry. The peak potential is dependent on the pH of solution. The exhaustive electrolysis, however, gives 4 electrons per molecule because of the disproportionation of the unstable hydrazo intermediate. The electrochemical reduction of lanthanide-MR19 complexes is observed at more cathodic potential than that of free ligand. The difference in peak potentials between complex and free ligand varies from 75 mV for $La^{3+}$ to 165 mV for $Tb^{3+}$ and increases with increasing the atomic number of lanthanide. The electrochemical reduction of lanthanide complexes with MR19 is due to the reduction of ligand itself, and it can be potentially useful as an indirect method for the determination of lanthanides. The shape of i-E curves and the scan rate dependence indicates the presence of adsorption and the adsorption was confirmed by potential double-step chronocoulometry and the effect of standing time. Also the surface excess of the adsorbed species and diffusion coefficients are determined. The composition of the complex is determined to be 1 : 2 by spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods.
A Multicenter Study of Pertussis Infection in Adults with Coughing in Korea: PCR-Based Study
Sung Hoon Park,Myung Gu Lee,Kwan Ho Lee,Yong Bum Park,Kwang Ha Yoo,Jeong Woong Park,Chang Hwan Kim,Yong Chul Lee,Jae Seuk Park,Yong Soo Kwon,Ki Hyun Seo,Hui Jung Kim,Seung Min Kwak 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.5
Background: Limited data on the incidence and clinical characteristics of adult pertussis infections are available in Korea. Methods: Thirty-one hospitals and the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated to investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of pertussis infections among adults with a bothersome cough in non-outbreak, ordinary outpatient settings. Nasopharyngeal aspirates or nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture tests. Results: The study enrolled 934 patients between September 2009 and April 2011. Five patients were diagnosed as confirmed cases, satisfying both clinical and laboratory criteria (five positive PCR and one concurrent positive culture). Among 607 patients with cough duration of at least 2 weeks, 504 satisfied the clinical criteria of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (i.e., probable case). The clinical pertussis cases (i.e., both probable and confirmed cases) had a wide age distribution (45.7±15.5 years) and cough duration (median, 30 days; interquartile range, 18.0~50.0 days). In addition, sputum, rhinorrhea, and myalgia were less common and dyspnea was more common in the clinical cases, compared to the others (p=0.037, p=0.006, p=0.005, and p=0.030, respectively). Conclusion: The positive rate of pertussis infection may be low in non-outbreak, ordinary clinical settings if a PCR-based method is used. However, further prospective, well-designed, multicenter studies are needed.
Development of Tandem MIG Welding Control System
Sang-Gu Choi,Jong-Jun Kim,Sang-Hyun Ryu,Bong-Jea Kwon 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In recent shipbuilding, the welding for nonferrous metal as like aluminum is increasing for variety of ships. Aluminum welding is more difficult process than that of mild steel. This welding is very sensitive to welding conditions such as welding equipment, gas, wire, and working environment. So, we need the automation welding equipment for the aluminum plate welding. But normal welding equipment has a limited function in the welding speed and deposition rate. In this paper, an improved welding process as like tandem welding was applied to the aluminum thick plate welding for shipbuilding. We developed an automation welding carriage system to make it possible to weld aluminum with the tandem welding equipment. In additional, we developed a new control system for the convenience of operation and the benefit in size. The new control system is designed with industrial PLC to integrate the different controllers. And the developed automation welding system has been verified in actual aluminum welding process for shipbuilding. We expect that this system will support convenience, more efficient operations and reduced operator workload for adjustment of welding parameter.
심장 전이와 비후성 골관절증을 동반한 재발성 이하선 선방세포암
( Sung Yun Jung ),( Dong Won Lee ),( Min Geun Gu ),( Tae Hun Kwon ),( Sung Ae Ko ),( Joon Hyuk Choi ),( Jang Won Sohn ),( Myung Soo Hyun ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2014 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.31 No.1
Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon malignant tumor of the salivary glands that is difficult to diagnose. It grows slowly and shows distant metastasis rarely. We experienced a case of recurrent ACC in the parotid gland with cardiac metastasis and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. The 29-year-old man had been suffering from severe multiple bones and joints pain for 2 months. Ten years earlier, he underwent superficial parotidectomy due to a right subauricular mass. The mass was diagnosed with ACC. After surgery, the tumor recurred twice. Then the patient was diagnosed with cardiac metastasis via positron emission tomography-computed tomography and trans-thoracic echocardiography. He also had hypertrophic osteoarthropathy with multiple bone metastasis. He was given palliative radiotherapy and conservative treatment. ACC in the parotid gland with cardiac metastasis and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy has not yet been reported in literature. From this case, it is recommended to evaluate multiple distant metastasis in the ACC of the parotid gland when joint and bone pain are present.
Kwon, Hyemi,Jeon, Min Ji,Kim, Won Gu,Park, Suyeon,Kim, Mijin,Song, Dong Eun,Sung, Tae-Yon,Yoon, Jong Ho,Hong, Suck Joon,Kim, Tae Yong,Shong, Young Kee,Kim, Won Bae Bioscientifica 2017 European journal of endocrinology Vol.176 No.4
<B>Objective</B><P>Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) accounts for most of the increase in thyroid cancer in recent decades. We compared clinical outcomes and surgical complications of lobectomy and total thyroidectomy (TT) in PTMC patients.</P><B>Design and methods</B><P>In this retrospective individual risk factor-matched cohort study, 2031 patients with PTMC were initially included. Patients who underwent lobectomy or TT were one-to-one matched according to individual risk factors, including age, sex, primary tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality and cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis.</P><B>Results</B><P>In total, 688 patients were assigned to each group. During the median 8.5 years of follow-up, 26 patients (3.8%) in the lobectomy group and 11 patients (1.6%) in the TT group had recurrences. The relative risk of recurrence was significantly less in the TT than that in the lobectomy group (hazard ratio (HR) 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21-0.81; <I>P</I> = 0.01). Most recurrences (84.6%) in the lobectomy group occurred in the contralateral lobe, and all patients were disease-free after completion of thyroidectomy. There were no significant differences in recurrence-free survival between the two groups after exclusion of contralateral lobe recurrences (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 0.08-8.79; <I>P</I> = 0.08). There were significantly more patients with transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism in the TT than that in the lobectomy group (<I>P</I> < 0.001).</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>Lobectomy could be appropriate for most patients with PTMC when there is no evidence of extrathyroidal disease in the preoperative work-up. Preoperative and postoperative imaging studies are important for patients who undergo lobectomy for PTMC, because most recurrences are in the contralateral lobe.</P>