Application of a Partial Least-Squares Regression Model to Retrieve Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in Coastal Waters using Hyper-Spectral Data

Kimberly Ryan,Khalid Ali 한국해양과학기술원 2016 Ocean science journal Vol.51 No.2

Coastal and inland waters represent a diverse set of resources that support natural habitats and provide valuable ecosystem services to the human population. Monitoring the quality of these waters is essential to maintaining the resources they provide, and long-term monitoring may offer a better understanding of the relationship between human development and the health of these resource producers. The implementation of conventional monitoring is typically time-intensive and limited in geographic scale. Alternatively, the use of airborne and spaceborne remote sensors provides a synoptic view of water quality with better spatial coverage to more accurately identify dynamic and unique parameters. Concentrations of optically active constituents (OACs) such as suspended sediments and the phytoplankton pigment chlorophylla (CHLa), act as proxies for water quality and can be detected by optical sensors. Traditional remote sensing techniques were developed using multispectral sensors, and employ band ratio algorithms that seek to predict the concentrations of OACs in relation to water quality. In complex coastal waters, overlapping spectral signatures of OACs often confound these algorithms and reduce their predictive capacity. The objective of this study was to develop a dataset to test the predictive capabilities of partial least-squares regression, a multivariate statistical method, for hyperspectral remote sensing and in situ CHLa concentrations. This paper presents the model performance for a dataset developed in Long Bay, a ~160 km arcuate bay that spans the border between North and South Carolina. The model uses multivariate-based statistical modeling to capitalize on the spectral advantage gained by hyperspectral sensors when observing such waters. Following this approach, a multivariate-based monitoring tool for the prediction of CHLa concentrations is presented with a partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method using hyperspectral and laboratory-analyzed field data. The PLSR model was used based on its ability to identify wavelengths that are more sensitive to CHLa relative to other OACs. The model was able to explain 80% of the observed CHLa variability in Long Bay with root mean square error (RMSE) = 2.03 μg/L. This enhanced mode of water quality monitoring has potential to deliver insights to point-sources and problem areas that may contribute to a decline in the water quality of valuable inland and coastal systems.

Metabolic Crosstalk between the Heart and Fat

Kimberly M. Ferrero,Walter J. Koch 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.5

It is now recognized that the heart can behave as a true endocrine organ, which can modulate the function of other tissues. Emerging evidence has shown that visceral fat is one such distant organ the heart communicates with. In fact, it appears that bi-directional crosstalk between adipose tissue and the myocardium is crucial to maintenance of normal function in both organs. In particular, factors secreted from the heart are now known to influence the metabolic activity of adipose tissue and other organs, as well as modulate the release of metabolic substrates and signaling molecules from the periphery. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding primary cardiokines and adipokines involved in heart-fat crosstalk, as well as implications of their dysregulation for cardiovascular health.

A Retrospective Analysis of Stroke Survivors’ Health-Related Quality of Life and Function

Kimberly Hreha,Caitlin Denzer-Weiler,Karen West Mackasek,Jeffrey Zhang,AM Barrett 대한작업치료학회 2020 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a construct of quality of life relevant to health. HRQOL can be measured multiple ways including self-perceived interpretation of one’s health status. Research has shown value in understanding self-perceived or person-centered HRQOL. Thus, these types of assessments have been integrated into health care systems, used to help patients set personal goals and to determine treatment success. The purpose of this study was to describe the group, examine the relationship between HRQOL and functional independence, and then determine the impact of standard care on the HRQOL (index and visual analog scale [VAS]). Methods: Retrospective clinical observation study. Descriptive statistics used to describe the stroke sample. Comparison was performed to explore the correlation between the EuroQol 5-Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at admission and discharge. Paired-samples t-test was conducted to evaluate the impact of standard therapy on HRQOL on EQ-5D. Results: n=1325; mean age of 72 years (SD=13.28) and 65% females. A weak, positive correlation found at admission (r=.15, n=1325, p<.000) and discharge (r=.04, n=1325, p<.000). A paired-samples t-test revealed a statistically significant increase in HRQOL index and VAS scores (p’s<.000) overtime, with a large effect size (η2=.74 and .70), respectively. Conclusion: A weak relationship was present between HRQOL and functional independence, thus suggesting these assessments should be used independent of each other. Statistically significant change in scores suggest improvement in HRQOL overtime, supported by large effect sizes and mean scores higher than the minimal important difference range.

Ovarian needle aspiration in the diagnosis and management of ovarian masses

Kimberly Nagamine,Jordan Kondo,Ricky Kaneshiro,Pamela Tauchi-Nishi,Keith Terada 대한부인종양학회 2017 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.28 No.4

Objective: Ovarian needle aspiration and biopsy (ONAB) may be employed for pretreatmentdiagnosis of ovarian malignancies or intraoperatively to facilitate removal of ovarian masses. However, there is reluctance to utilize this procedure due to potential cyst rupture or seedingof malignant cells. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of ONAB over a 13-year period at our institution. Methods: Between 2000 and 2013, all ONAB specimens were identified from the Queen'sMedical Center Pathology Department database. All cytologic specimens were reviewedand correlated with histopathologic findings. A retrospective chart review was conducted toretrieve data on clinical course and treatment. Results: This study identified 144 cases of ovarian masses sampled by aspiration or needlebiopsy between 2000 and 2013. Ninety-two (64%) cases had corresponding histopathology,84 (91%) of which were obtained concomitantly. On histology, 12 (13%) cases were malignantand 80 (87%) benign. Three false negative cases were noted; 2 serous borderline tumors and1 mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. These were sampling errors; no diagnostic tumor cells werepresent in the aspirates. Sensitivity and specificity of ONAB in the detection of malignancywere 75% and 100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 100% and96%, respectively. Conclusion: ONAB represents a valuable tool in the diagnosis of malignancy and treatmentof ovarian masses. In our study, it was highly specific, with excellent positive and negativepredictive value.

Consumer groups for Ghanaian fabric products, based on aesthetics and socially responsible shopping behavior

Kimberly A. Miller-Spillman,Min-Young Lee,Mary A. Graham,Bella Cho 한국마케팅과학회 2016 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.7 No.2

Recent fashion trends using African prints are combined with a desire to provide outreach to artisans in Ghana, West Africa, leading to an investigation of mainstream consumer groups in the United States. The purpose of this research was to identify US consumer segments based on aesthetic preferences, purchase intentions and socially responsible behavior (willingness to support artisans) with regard to products made from Ghanaian fabrics. This research identifi ed ethnic apparel consumer segments based on consumer characteristics. First, Cultural Creatives, a psychographic scale, compared consumers regarding aesthetics/benefi ts of ethnic apparel and consumers’ willingness to support Ghanaian artisans. Next, clusters were compared according to demographics: age, ethnicity and education. Lastly, clusters were compared by purchase intention (of apparel and accessories), aesthetic preferences for fabrics (ie print size, as garment trim, as home furnishings) and social comfort (ie comfort wearing among others). By using multi-step cluster analysis, this study categorized respondents (N = 577) into three distinct segments: Artisan Shoppers, Holistic Shoppers and Ethnic Stylists. Based on the results, limitations and further research are discussed.

In Front of Them All ; Militarism, Tourism, and the Politics of Display at the Korean Demilitarized Zone

Kimberly Feig 한국국제정치학회 2010 한국국제정치학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2010 No.8

Sources and pathways of microplastics in the environment: a review

Kimberly Ann Yano(킴야노),Nash Jett Reyes(나싀),Franz Kevin Geronimo(케빈),Lee-Hyung Kim(김이형) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

SENSIBILITY AND LANDSCAPE IN KOREAN LITERATURE AND FILM : GUEST EDITOR’S INTRODUCTION

KIMBERLY CHUNG 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2014 Acta Koreana Vol.17 No.1

Prevalence of Nomophobia in University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kimberly G. Tuco,Sharong D. Castro-Diaz,David R. Soriano-Moreno,Vicente A. Benites-Zapata 대한의료정보학회 2023 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.29 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nomophobia in university students. Methods: A systematicsearch was conducted of the following databases: Web of Science/ Core Collection, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Ovid/MEDLINE until March 2021. Cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence of nomophobia in undergraduate or postgraduateuniversity students that assessed nomophobia with the 20-item Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) tool were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate. A meta-analysis of proportionswas performed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using sensitivity analysis according to the risk ofbias, and subgrouping by country, sex, and major. Results: We included 28 cross-sectional studies with a total of 11,300 participantsfrom eight countries, of which 23 were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of mild nomophobia was 24%(95% confidence interval [CI], 20%–28%; I2 = 95.3%), that of moderate nomophobia was 56% (95% CI, 53%–60%; I2 = 91.2%),and that of severe nomophobia was 17% (95% CI, 15%–20%; I2 = 91.7%). Regarding countries, Indonesia had the highestprevalence of severe nomophobia (71%) and Germany had the lowest (3%). The prevalence was similar according to sex andmajor. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of moderate and severe nomophobia in university students. Interventionsare needed to prevent and treat this problem in educational institutions.

Strategic Responses to Chinese Election Interference in Taiwan’s Presidential Elections

Kimberly L. Wilson 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2022 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.46 No.2

Scholars have found that election interference by a foreign power can increase political partisanship in a targeted state and can be an effective tool for throwing weight behind a candidate. We know less about how domestic political actors respond to election interference and how this affects the intervener’s strategies over time. Since Taiwan held its first direct presidential election in 1996, China has used numerous tactics to influence Taiwan’s elections. Taiwan’s political parties have adapted to China’s interference, with targeted candidates campaigning on election interference, and non-targeted candidates seeking to play a mediating role with Beijing. In response, China’s tactics have shifted: the broad threats of earlier elections have been replaced with narrowly targeted efforts to mobilize Beijing-friendly segments of Taiwan’s population.