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Hosoda, Kenji,Sasahara, Hideki,Matsushita, Kei,Tamura, Yasuaki,Miyaji, Makoto,Matsuyama, Hiroki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.8
Objective: An experiment was conducted to assess the antioxidant contents and activities of colored rice grains and to evaluate their nutritive characteristics in terms of chemical composition and in situ ruminal degradation. Methods: Ten cultivars of colored rice grains (Oryza sativa L.) collected from several areas of Japan were studied, and control rice without pigment, maize, barley, and wheat grains were used as control grains. Their chemical compositions, pigment, polyphenol contents, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and degradation characteristics were determined. Results: The starch contents of the colored rice grains were in the range of 73.5% to 79.6%, similar to that of the control rice grain. The black and red rice grains contained anthocyanin (maximum: $5,045.6{\mu}g/g$) and proanthocyanidin (maximum: $3,060.6{\mu}g/g$) at high concentrations as their principal pigments, respectively. There were significantly (p<0.05) positive relationships among the pigment contents, polyphenol content, and TAC values in the colored and control rice grains, indicating that the increase in pigment contents also contributed to the increased polyphenol content and TAC values in the colored rice grains. The dry matter and starch degradation characteristics, as represented by c (fractional degradation rate of slowly degradable fraction) and by the effective degradability, of the colored rice grains and the control rice grain were ranked as follows among commonly used grains: wheat>barley${\geq}rice$>maize. The colored rice grains also included the most-digestible starch, since their potential degradable fraction and actual degradability at 48 h incubation were almost 100%. Conclusion: Colored rice grains have high potential to be used as antioxidant sources in addition to starch sources in ruminants.
Relationship between Indoor and Outdoor Particulate Matter Concentrations in Japan
Nakai, Satoshi,Tamura, Kenji Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2008 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.2 No.1
We briefly show the results of indoor and personal $PM_{2.5}$ measurements in an epidemiologic study designed to evaluate the health risks of ambient $PM_{2.5}$ in Japan and the relationship between indoor and outdoor PM concentrations. The impact of indoor and outdoor PM pollution on health is described based on one morbidity study. The results of other studies on indoor $PM_{2.5}$ measurements are also described.
Tang, Ning,Araki, Yuki,Tamura, Kenji,Dong, Lijun,Zhang, Xuemei,Liu, Qiuhua,Ji, Ruonan,Kameda, Takayuki,Toriba, Akira,Hayakawa, Kazuichi Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2009 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.3 No.1
Airborne particulates were collected in three different size fractions (>7 ${\mu}m$; 2.1-7 ${\mu}m$; < 2.1 ${\mu}m$) by using Andersen low-volume air samplers at three sites in Tieling city, Liaoning Province, a typical local city in northeast China, in every season during the period from July 2003 to May 2004. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in the airborne particulates were determined by HPLC with fluorescence and chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean total concentrations of the nine PAHs and seven NPAHs were highest at The mixed residential and light industrial site, and lowest at the residential site near the suburbs. At all sites, more than 70% of the total PAHs and more than 60% of the total NPAHs were found in the finest particulate (< 2.1 ${\mu}m$) fraction. Both cluster analysis and several diagnostic ratios showed that the major contributors of PAHs and NPAHs in airborne particulates were coal combustion systems such as domestic stoves and coal boilers in all seasons in Tieling city.
Low-Power CMOS CNN Cell and its Application to an Oscillatory CNN
Hisashi Tanaka,Koichi Tanno,Hiroki Tamura,Kenji Murao 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
In this paper, we propose a low-power operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for low-power CMOS cellular neural networks (CNN) cell. The OTA use MOSFETs operating in the weak inversion region. The transconductance gm can be changed by changing the external bias voltage. The proposed OTA is verified by HSPICE simulations with the 0.18 ㎛ standard CMOS device parameters. From the results, the power consumption is less than 3.5 ㎼ with 1.2 V power supply. As an application of the proposed OTA, an oscillatory CNN circuit using two CNN cells with the proposed OTA is presented.
Kenta Takahashi,Mayu Yunokawa,Shinsuke Sasada,Yae Takehara,Naoyuki Miyasaka,Tomoyasu Kato,Kenji Tamura 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.1
Objective: To develop and validate a 3-year recurrence prediction score (RPS) system for predicting the baseline risk of recurrence of stage I–II endometrial carcinoma. Methods: We reviewed 427 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging I–II endometrial carcinoma underwent surgery without any adjuvant therapy from 2005 to 2013. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the test cohort (n=251) comprising those who underwent surgery in odd-numbered years, and the validation cohort (n=176) comprising those who underwent surgery in even-numbered years. Multivariate analysis was performed using 7 candidate predictors to identify the risk factors for 3-year recurrence-free interval (RFI) in the test cohort. Each risk factor was scored based on logistic regression analyses of the test data set, and the sum of the risk factor scores was defined as the RPS system. We then applied the system in the validation cohort. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that the significant risk factors were age ≥60 years, pathological type II, positive cervical stromal invasion, and positive peritoneal cytology. In the test cohort, the 3-year RFI rates were 100%, 95.8%, 79.9%, and 33.3% for RPSs of 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In the validation cohort, the 3-year RFI was significantly higher in the low-RPS group (RPS 0 or 1) than in the high-RPS group (RPS 2 or 3) (95.2% vs. 79.9%, p<0.01). Conclusions: The RPS system shows significant reproducibility for predicting the baseline risk of recurrence. The system could potentially impact the choice of adjuvant therapy for stage I–II endometrial carcinoma.