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Phase Transition in Ferroelectric SrBi$_2$Ta$_2$O$_9$ Single Crystal
K. Yoshio,A. Onodera,A. Yamada,A. Sakai,H. Yamashita,I. Matsubara 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.IV
Single plate-like crystal of Bi-layered ferroelectric perovskite SrBi2Ta2O9 was prepared by self- ux method. Temperature dependence of the lattice constant c, specic heat, Raman scattering were measured to study phase transitions in SrBi2Ta2O9. There are clear anomalies at 613 K (Tc) and 850 K (T) in the c-axis. The mechanism of this phase transition was discussed in terms of Dzialoshinsky-Moriya-type interaction.
Yamada, M.,Oeda, A.,Jung, J.,Iijima, M.,Yoshimoto, N.,Niimi, T.,Jeong, S.Y.,Choi, E.K.,Tanizawa, K.,Kuroda, S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2012 Journal of controlled release Vol.160 No.2
A bio-nanocapsule (BNC) is a hollow nanoparticle consisting of an approximately 100-nm-diameter liposome with about 110 molecules of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen L protein embedded as a transmembrane protein. BNC can encapsulate various drugs and genes and deliver them specifically to human hepatic cells based on the ability of HBV to recognize human hepatocyte, which is integrated in the N-terminal region of L protein. However, it is elusive whether the cellular attachment and entry into hepatic cells of BNC utilize the early infection mechanism of HBV. In this study, we have found that while all human hepatic cells show distinct affinities for BNC compared to non-hepatic cells, primary hepatocytes shows the highest efficiency for cellular binding and incorporation of BNC. Amounts of BNCs bound weakly and strongly to cell membranes and those entered into the cells varied significantly depending on the types of human hepatic cells. The weak and strong binding modes of BNC are likely mediated through binding to two distinct HBV receptors (heparin-mediated low-affinity and unidentified high-affinity receptors), which play major roles in the early infection mechanism of HBV. The rates of cellular uptake of BNC are similar to those reported for HBV. The BNCs incorporated into the cells are swiftly sorted to either early endosomes or macropinosomes and then to late endosomes and/or lysosomes. These findings strongly suggest that BNC is bound to and incorporated into human hepatic cells according to the early infection mechanism of HBV.
Association of a polymorphism of BTN2A1 with myocardial infarction in East Asian populations
Yamada, Y.,Nishida, T.,Ichihara, S.,Sawabe, M.,Fuku, N.,Nishigaki, Y.,Aoyagi, Y.,Tanaka, M.,Fujiwara, Y.,Yoshida, H.,Shinkai, S.,Satoh, K.,Kato, K.,Fujimaki, T.,Yokoi, K.,Oguri, M.,Yoshida, T.,Watanab Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co 2011 Atherosclerosis Vol.215 No.1
Objective: We have performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that confer susceptibility to myocardial infarction (MI) in Japanese and Korean populations. Methods: A total of 17,447 Japanese or Korean individuals from four independent subject panels was examined. Japanese subject panels A, B, and C comprised 134 individuals with MI and 137 controls, 1431 individuals with MI and 3161 controls, and 643 individuals with MI and 1347 controls, respectively, whereas the Korean population comprised 1880 individuals with MI and 8714 controls. A GWAS for MI was performed in Japanese subject panel A with the use of the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 500K Array Set. Results: Seventy single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly (P<1.0x10<SUP>-7</SUP>) associated with MI by the GWAS were examined further in Japanese subject panel B, revealing two SNPs (rs6929846 of BTN2A1, rs2569512 of ILF3) to be significantly (P<0.0007) associated with MI. The rs6929846 SNP of BTN2A1, but not rs2569512 of ILF3, was also significantly associated with MI in Japanese subject panel C. However, the association of neither rs6929846 nor rs2569512 with MI was replicated in the Korean population. Conclusion: BTN2A1 may be a susceptibility gene for MI in Japanese individuals.
Tanaka, K.,Nagaoka, K.,Murakami, S.,Takahashi, H.,Osakabe, M.,Yokoyama, M.,Seki, R.,Michael, C.A.,Yamaguchi, H.,Suzuki, C.,Shimizu, A.,Tokuzawa, T.,Yoshinuma, M.,Akiyama, T.,Ida, K.,Yamada, I.,Yasuhar IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.11
<P>Surveys of the ion and electron heat transports of neutral beam (NB) heating plasma were carried out by power balance analysis in He and H rich plasma at LHD. Collisionality was scanned by changing density and heating power. The characteristics of the transport vary depending on collisionality. In low collisionality, with low density and high heating power, an ion internal transport barrier (ITB) was formed. The ion heat conductivity (<I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB>) is lower than electron heat conductivity (<I>χ</I> <SUB>e</SUB>) in the core region at <I>ρ</I> < 0.7. On the other hand, in high collisionality, with high density and low heating power, <I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB> is higher than <I>χ</I> <SUB>e</SUB> across the entire range of plasma. These different confinement regimes are associated with different fluctuation characteristics. In ion ITB, fluctuation has a peak at <I>ρ</I> = 0.7, and in normal confinement, fluctuation has a peak at <I>ρ</I> = 1.0. The two confinement modes change gradually depending on the collisionality. Scans of concentration ratio between He and H were also performed. The ion confinement improvements were investigated using gyro-Bohm normalization, taking account of the effective mass and charge. The concentration ratio affected the normalized <I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB> only in the edge region (<I>ρ</I> ~ 1.0). This indicates ion species effects vary depending on collisionality. Turbulence was modulated by the fast ion loss instability. The modulation of turbulence is higher in H rich than in He rich plasma.</P>