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        Hepatitis B virus envelope L protein-derived bio-nanocapsules: Mechanisms of cellular attachment and entry into human hepatic cells

        Yamada, M.,Oeda, A.,Jung, J.,Iijima, M.,Yoshimoto, N.,Niimi, T.,Jeong, S.Y.,Choi, E.K.,Tanizawa, K.,Kuroda, S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2012 Journal of controlled release Vol.160 No.2

        A bio-nanocapsule (BNC) is a hollow nanoparticle consisting of an approximately 100-nm-diameter liposome with about 110 molecules of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen L protein embedded as a transmembrane protein. BNC can encapsulate various drugs and genes and deliver them specifically to human hepatic cells based on the ability of HBV to recognize human hepatocyte, which is integrated in the N-terminal region of L protein. However, it is elusive whether the cellular attachment and entry into hepatic cells of BNC utilize the early infection mechanism of HBV. In this study, we have found that while all human hepatic cells show distinct affinities for BNC compared to non-hepatic cells, primary hepatocytes shows the highest efficiency for cellular binding and incorporation of BNC. Amounts of BNCs bound weakly and strongly to cell membranes and those entered into the cells varied significantly depending on the types of human hepatic cells. The weak and strong binding modes of BNC are likely mediated through binding to two distinct HBV receptors (heparin-mediated low-affinity and unidentified high-affinity receptors), which play major roles in the early infection mechanism of HBV. The rates of cellular uptake of BNC are similar to those reported for HBV. The BNCs incorporated into the cells are swiftly sorted to either early endosomes or macropinosomes and then to late endosomes and/or lysosomes. These findings strongly suggest that BNC is bound to and incorporated into human hepatic cells according to the early infection mechanism of HBV.

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        Accommodating flexible daily temporal constraint on a continuous choice model of departure time for urban shopping travel

        Muhammad Isran Ramli,Yoshinao Oeda,Tomonori Sumi,Chiaki Matsunaga 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2011 도시과학국제저널 Vol.15 No.3

        This paper attempts to propose departure time choice model of travellers for oneday shopping travel based on the consideration of the availability of flexible temporal constraint during noon until evening, namely praying time. The model assumes that travellers decide their departure time to minimize the disutility of shortage stay time at the shopping centre, disutility of lateness home arrival time,and disutility of the flexible daily temporal constraint. It is applied to urban shopping travellers on the basis of their home-shopping, centre-home travel pattern. The model is confirmed by a goodness of fit test. It can be applied to develop a model of travel patterns and chosen in further studies.

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        Prognosis of biopsy-confirmed metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease: A sub-analysis of the CLIONE study

        Michihiro Iwaki,Hideki Fujii,Hideki Hayashi,Hidenori Toyoda,Satoshi Oeda,Hideyuki Hyogo,Miwa Kawanaka,Asahiro Morishita,Kensuke Munekage,Kazuhito Kawata,Tsubasa Tsutsumi,Koji Sawada,Tatsuji Maeshiro,H 대한간학회 2024 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.30 No.2

        Background/Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was recently proposed as an alternative disease concept to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients with biopsy-confirmed MASLD using data from a multicenter study. Methods: This was a sub-analysis of the Clinical Outcome Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (CLIONE) study that included 1,398 patients with NAFLD. Liver biopsy specimens were pathologically diagnosed and histologically scored using the NASH Clinical Research Network system, the FLIP algorithm, and the SAF score. Patients who met at least one cardiometabolic criterion were diagnosed with MASLD. Results: Approximately 99% of cases (n=1,381) were classified as MASLD. Patients with no cardiometabolic risk (n=17) had a significantly lower BMI than patients with MASLD (20.9 kg/m2 vs. 28.0 kg/m2, P<0.001), in addition to significantly lower levels of inflammation, ballooning, NAFLD activity score, and fibrosis stage based on liver histology. These 17 patients had a median follow-up of 5.9 years, equivalent to 115 person-years, with no deaths, liver-related events, cardiovascular events, or extrahepatic cancers. The results showed that the prognosis for pure MASLD was similar to that for the original CLIONE cohort, with 47 deaths and one patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. The leading cause of death was extrahepatic cancer (n=10), while the leading causes of liver-related death were liver failure (n=9), hepatocellular carcinoma (n=8), and cholangiocarcinoma (n=4). Conclusions: Approximately 99% of NAFLD cases were considered MASLD based on the 2023 liver disease nomenclature. The NAFLD-only group, which is not encompassed by MASLD, had a relatively mild histopathologic severity and a favorable prognosis. Consequently, the prognosis of MASLD is similar to that previously reported for NAFLD.

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