노년 청각손상자와 청각장애의 삶의 질 관련성 연구

劉俊榮,張勝成 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2006 再活科學硏究 Vol.24 No.2

The hearing impairment happened extensively in the elderly and often resulted in the hearing handicap. A lot of study confused the hearing impairment with the hearing handicap and replaced the score of quality of life by the hearing handicap score to calculate the quality adjusted life years and analyzed the cost-utility of aural rehabilitation. In this study, the confusion of hearing impairment and hearing handicap was clarified, and the relevance between hearing handicap and quality of life was explored in order to examine the fitness of replacing the score of quality of life by the hearing handicap score. The result of this study indicated that the correlation between the hearing handicap and the quality of life. The fitness of correlating model of the hearing handicap and the quality of life was not accepted. So, it was not suggested that replacing the score of quality of life by the hearing handicap score. The inventory of disease-specific quality of life should be developed. Secondly, the poor fitness of correlating model of the hearing handicap and the quality of life could be resulted from the other variables that shall be included in the model. It was proposed to include relevant variables into the model in the future. 청각손상은 노년기에 광범위하게 발생하는 문제이다. 심각한 청각장애를 자주 일으킨다. 많은 연구는 청각손상과 청각장애를 혼돈하는 것 뿐 만아니라 자주 청각장애 검목표의 득점으로 피실험자의 생활 품질을 대표한다. 심지어 청각장애 검목표의 득점으로 생활 품질 조정년을 계산한다. 이것으로 청각 재활의 성공 효과를 분석한다. 본 연구는 청각 손상과 청각장애의 다른 점을 밝히는 것 외에도 주요 목적은 청각장애와 생활 품질의 관련성을 이해하고자 하는 것이다. 이것으로 청각장애 검목표를 생활 품질을 삼는 정당성을 관찰한다. 연구결과에 나타나는 것은 청각 표현과 생활품질의 관련성은 높지 않은 결과를 얻었다. 이 두 가지의 관련 양식은 일반화 하기는 제한점을 갖는다. 그래서 이론적 개념에서 청각 표현과 생활품질은 각자 다른 내용을 갖추고 있다. 자료 통계의 분석 결과도 이 두 가지의 관련 양식에 대해서 유의한 결과를 얻지 못했다. 그래서 청각표현 능력으로 피실험자의 생활 품질을 대신할 수 없다. 마땅히 청각 손상자에게 맞는 적합한 생활 품질 설문지를 발행해야한다. 그 다음에 두 가지의 관련 양식의 관련도 적다. 아마도 청각 손상자의 청각 표현과 생활 품질 간에는 많은 변인의 영향이 존재하기 때문이다. 미래의 연구는 더 많은 상관 관련 인소를 귀납해서 이 이론구조를 검증해야한다는 것을 건의한다.

A Robust Watermark Scheme for Copyright Protection

Jung-Chun Liu,Chu-Hsing Lin,Wei-Shen Lai,Yan-Wei Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.2 No.4

In this paper, we propose a robust watermark technology to protect copyright. We enhance robustness of the watermark such that it can be used to protect the intellectual property even after serious attacks on the watermarked image. In the proposed watermarking, we embed watermarks by Singular Value Decomposition and Distributed Discrete Wavelet Transformation techniques. Regarding our method, Singular Value Decomposition provides the robustness to protect the image from most attacks except cropping, while Distributed Discrete Wavelet Transformation disperses watermarks all over the image to resist cropping attacks. The robustness of our proposed watermark scheme has been verified experimentally against main kinds of watermark attacks such as geometric and signal processing attacks.

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib activates SHP-1 and induces apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells

Chun-Yu Liu,Tzu-Ting Huang,Pei-Yi Chu,Chun-Teng Huang,Chia-Han Lee,Wan-Lun Wang,Ka-Yi Lau,Wen-Chun Tsai,Tzu-I Chao,Jung-Chen Su,Ming-Huang Chen,Chung-Wai Shiau,Ling-Ming Tseng,Kuen-Feng Chen 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains difficult to treat and urgently needs new therapeutic options. Nintedanib, a multikinase inhibitor, has exhibited efficacy in early clinical trials for HER2-negative breast cancer. In this study, we examined a new molecular mechanism of nintedanib in TNBC. The results demonstrated that nintedanib enhanced TNBC cell apoptosis, which was accompanied by a reduction of p-STAT3 and its downstream proteins. STAT3 overexpression suppressed nintedanib-mediated apoptosis and further increased the activity of purified SHP-1 protein. Moreover, treatment with either a specific inhibitor of SHP-1 or SHP-1-targeted siRNA reduced the apoptotic effects of nintedanib, which validates the role of SHP-1 in nintedanib-mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, nintedanib-induced apoptosis was attenuated in TNBC cells expressing SHP-1 mutants with constantly open conformations, suggesting that the autoinhibitory mechanism of SHP-1 attenuated the effects of nintedanib. Importantly, nintedanib significantly inhibited tumor growth via the SHP-1/p-STAT3 pathway. Clinically, SHP-1 levels were downregulated, whereas p-STAT3 was upregulated in tumor tissues, and SHP-1 transcripts were associated with improved disease-free survival in TNBC patients. Our findings revealed that nintedanib induces TNBC apoptosis by acting as a SHP-1 agonist, suggesting that targeting STAT3 by enhancing SHP-1 expression could be a viable therapeutic strategy against TNBC.

Anomaly Detection Using LibSVM Training Tools

Jung-Chun Liu,Chu-Hsing Lin,Jui-Ling Yu,Wei-Shen Lai,Chia-Han Ho 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.2 No.4

Intrusion detection is the means to identify the intrusive behaviors and provide useful information to intruded systems to respond fast and to avoid or reduce damages. In recent years, learning machine technology is often used as a detection method in anomaly detection. In this research, we use support vector machine as a learning method for anomaly detection, and use LibSVM as the support vector machine tool. By using this tool, we get rid of numerous and complex operations and do not have to use external tools for finding parameters as needed by using other algorithms such as the genetic algorithm. Experimental results show that high average detection rates and low average false positive rates in anomaly detection are achieved by our proposed approach.

Aurantisolimonas haloimpatiens gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from soil

Liu, Min-Jiao,Jin, Chun-Zhi,Asem, Mipeshwaree Devi,Ju, Yoon-Jung,Park, Dong-Jin,Salam, Nimaichand,Xiao, Min,Li, Wen-Jun,Kim, Chang-Jin Microbiology Society 2018 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.68 No.5

Chemical bond properties and charge transfer bands of O²⁻–Eu³⁺, O²⁻–Mo⁶⁺ and O²⁻–W⁶⁺ in Eu³⁺-doped garnet hosts Ln₃M<sub>5</

Liu, Xiaoguang,Li, Ling,Noh, Hyeon Mi,Moon, Byung Kee,Choi, Byung Chun,Jeong, Jung Hyun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Dalton Transactions Vol.43 No.23

<P>Charge transfer (CT) energy from the ligand to the central ions is an important factor in luminescence properties for rare earth doped inorganic phosphors. The dielectric theory of complex crystals was used to calculate chemical bond properties. Combining the photoluminescence and the dielectric theory of complex crystals, the CT bands of O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>, O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Mo<SUP>6+</SUP> and O<SUP>2−</SUP>–W<SUP>6+</SUP> for Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped inorganic phosphors have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Taking Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Ln<SUB>3</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> (Ln = Y, Lu and M = Al, Ga), Gd<SUB>3</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB>, MMoO<SUB>4</SUB> (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) and MWO<SUB>4</SUB> (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) as typical phosphors, we investigated the effects of the cation size on the CT bands and chemical bond properties including the bond length (<I>d</I>), the covalency (<I>f</I><SUB>c</SUB>), the bond polarizability (<I>α</I><SUB>b</SUB>) and the environmental factor (<I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB>) of O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>, O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Mo<SUP>6+</SUP> and O<SUP>2−</SUP>–W<SUP>6+</SUP>, respectively. For systematic isostructural Ln<SUB>3</SUB>M<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> (Ln = Y, Lu and M = Al, Ga) phosphors, with the increasing M ion radius, the bond length of Ln–O decreases, but <I>f</I><SUB>c</SUB> and <I>α</I><SUB>b</SUB> increase, which is the main reason that the environmental factor increased. For the isostructural MMoO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu, with the increasing M ion radius, the Mo–O bond length increases, but <I>f</I><SUB>c</SUB> and <I>α</I><SUB>b</SUB> decrease, and thus <I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB> decreases. However, in the compound system MWO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu (M = Ca, Ba) with the increasing M ion radius, the O–W bond length increases, but <I>f</I><SUB>c</SUB> and <I>α</I><SUB>b</SUB> increase, and thus <I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB> increases and the O–W CT energy decreases. Their O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>, O<SUP>2−</SUP>–Mo<SUP>6+</SUP> and O<SUP>2−</SUP>–W<SUP>6+</SUP> CT bands as well as their full width at half maximum (FWHM) were directly influenced by <I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB>. And with the increasing <I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB>, CT bands of O–Eu or O–Mo or O–W decrease and their FWHM increases. These results indicate a promising approach for changing the material properties, searching for new Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> doped molybdate, tungstate or other oxide phosphors and analyzing the experimental result.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>With the increasing environmental factor <I>h</I><SUB>e</SUB>, their O–Mo or O–W or O–Eu CT energy decreases and FWHM increases. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4dt00674g'> </P>

A report of 29 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria

Liu, Qingmei,Kim, Seung-Bum,Cho, Jang-Cheon,Yoon, Jung-Hoon,Joh, Ki-seong,Cha, Chang-Jun,Chun, Jong-sik,Seong, Chi-Nam,Bae, Jin-Woo,Jahng, Kwang-Yeop,Jeon, Che-Ok,Im, Wan-Taek The National Institute of Biological Resources 2015 Journal of species research Vol.4 No.2

As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 29 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from plant root, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 29 species included in Alphaproteobacteria is have been described in Korea; therefore 14 species of 9 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 6 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 4 species of 2 genera in the order Caulobacterales and 3 species in the order Rhodobacterales and 1 species in the order Rhodospirillales found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

A report of 29 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria

Qingmei Liu,김승범,Jang-Cheon Cho,Jung-Hoon Yoon,Kiseong Joh,CHANG-JUN CHA,Jongsik Chun,성치남,Jin-Woo Bae,Kwang-Yeop Jahng,Che Ok Jeon,Wan-Taek Im 국립생물자원관 2015 Journal of species research Vol.4 No.2

assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from plant root, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 29 species included in Alphaproteobacteria is have been described in Korea; therefore 14 species of 9 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 6 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 4 species of 2 genera in the order Caulobacterales and 3 species in the order Rhodobacterales and 1 species in the order Rhodospirillales found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

Alaria esculenta Extract Protects against Oxidative Damage by Inducing Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression via Akt and Nrf2

Choi, Chun-Yeon,Jo, Guk-Heui,Lee, Jung-Im,Seo, Young-Wan,Han, Tae-Jun,Choi, Il-Whan,Liu, Kwang-Hyeon,Oh, Sang-Taek,Kim, Dong-Eun,Jang, Won-Hee,Seog, Dae-Hyun,Park, Yeong-Hong,Yea, Sung-Su The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2009 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.5 No.2

Alaria esculenta is a brown seaweed found in the Arctic. This study investigated the protective effect of A. esculenta extract (AEE) against oxidant-mediated injury and its mode of action in RAW264.7 macrophages. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that $H_2O_2$ treatment reduced cell viability, whereas AEE protected cells from $H_2O_2$-mediated cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Because heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is known to protect cells against oxidative damage, we investigated the effect of AEE on HO-1 gene expression and HO enzyme activity. The protective effect of AEE against $H_2O_2$-induced injury was correlated with increased HO enzyme activity. AEE also induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, as determined RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. To characterize the mechanisms by which AEE induces HO-1 gene expression, we examined the effect of AEE on the nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and Akt phosphorylation. AEE treatment activated upstream signaling for HO-1 gene expression, including the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and Akt phosphorylation. Collectively, these results suggest that AEE has anti-oxidant activity that is mediated, at least in part, via the activation of Nrf2 and Akt and the subsequent induction of HO-1 gene expression.

Explore the Predictors of Fall Risk Factors for Residents in the Long-Term Care Facility

Hung-Chun Lee,Huei-Ru Lin,Chieh-Yu Liu,Chia-Jung Hsieh,Fang-Wun Cai 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10