Ultrasonic Degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Seawater and Brackish Water

So Young Park,Jong Sung Park,Ha Yoon Lee,Ji Yong Heo,Yeo Min Yoon,Kyung Ho Choi,Nam Guk Her 대한환경공학회 2011 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.16 No.3

In this study, a series of experiments was conducted on the relative degradation of commonly known endocrine-disrupting compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17α-ethinyl estradiol (Ee₂) in a single-component aqueous solution using 28 and 580 kHz ultrasonic reactors. The experiments were conducted with three different types of model water: deionized water (DI), synthetic brackish water (SBW), and synthetic seawater (SSW) at pH 4, 7.5, and 11 in the presence of inert glass beads and humic acids. Significantly higher sonochemical degradation (93-97% for BPA) occurred at 580 kHz than at 28 kHz (43-61% for BPA), regardless of water type. A slightly higher degradation was observed for Ee₂ compared to that of BPA. The degradation rate of BPA and Ee₂ in DI water, SBW, and SSW after 30 min of ultrasound irradiation at 580 kHz increased slightly with the increase in pH from 4 (0.073-0.091 min-1 for BPA and 0.081-0.094 min-1 for Ee₂) to 7.5 (0.087-0.114 min-1 for BPA and 0.092?0.124 min-1 for Ee₂). In contrast, significant degradation was observed at pH 11 (0.149-0.221 min-1 for BPA and 0.147-0.228 min-1 for Ee₂). For the given frequencies of 28 and 580 kHz, the degradation rate increased in the presence of glass beads (0.1 mm and 25 g) for both BPA and Ee₂: 0.018-0.107 min-1 without beads and 0.052-0.142 min-1 with beads for BPA; 0.021-0.111 min-1 without beads and 0.054-0.136 min-1 with beads for Ee₂. A slight increase in degradation of both BPA and Ee₂ was found as the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC, humic acids) increased in both SBW and SSW: 0.107-0.115 min-1 in SBW and 0.087-0.101 min-1 in SSW for BPA; 0.111-0.111 min-1 in SWB and 0.092-0.105 min-1 in SSW for Ee₂. After 30 min of sonicating the humic acid solution, DOC removal varied depending on the water type: 27% (3 mg L-1) and 7% (10 mg L-1) in SBW and 7% (3 mg L-1) and 4% (10 mg L-1) in SSW.

Simulated Moving Bed를 이용한 Bupivacaine 키랄분리 : (1) Preparative Chromatography를 이용한 기본조건 결정 (1) Optical Separation Conditions for Preparative Chromatography

윤지연,이중기,서성섭,최민호,박태진 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.6

Racemate Bupivacaine의 키랄분리를 위한 크로마토그래피의 최적분리조건을 조사하였다. Kromasii^(�) 키랄고정상에서 최적이동상조성 성분은 n-hexane/2-propanol/acetic acid/triethylamine, 99/1/0.3/0.05(vol.%)이였다. 이동상 조성성분인 2-propanol의 부피비가 증가할수록 체류시간과 분리도가 동시에 감소되었다. 이동상 성분 중에서 미량으로 존재하는 triethylamine이 증가할수록 피크의 sharpness가 증가하고 체류시간 역시 감소하였다. 또한, acetic acid가 없으면, 크로마토그래피 광학분할이 불가능하였으며 부피 0.3%에서 분리도가 가장 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 키랄의약품의 대량분리방법중의 하나인 SMB(simulated moving bed)크로마토그래피 시스템(직경 1.0cm×10cm×8개 칼럼으로 구성)의 최적분리조건을 전산모사에 의해 구하였으며, 이를 실험으로 확인하였다. 그 결과 switching time 15분, feed의 유량 0.1 ml/min, desorbent 0.86 ml/min, raffinate 0.3 ml/min, extract 0.66 ml/min, recycle 1.0 ml/min일 때 100% 순도의 R-form과 S-form을 얻을 수 있었으며, 실험치와 전산모사치간의 오차는 ??2%이내였다. The chiral separation of racemate Bupivacaine was carried out to find the optimum condition for chromatographic system. The optimum species and composition for mobile phase were n-hexane/2-propanol/acetic acid/triethylamine, 99/1/0.3/0.05(vol.%) in case Kromasil� chiral stationary phase was employed. The retention time and resolution decreased with the increase in the ratio of 2-propanol in the mobile phase. The sharpness of peak and retention time decreased, as the content of triethylamine increased. Without the existence of acetic acid, the chromatographic separation didn't occur, and the resolution was the highest at the acetic acid volume ratio of 0.3%. The optimum condition of SMB (simulated moving bed) was determined by simulation and its results was compared with exprimental data from lab-scale SMB (10 mm 1D×8 ea). Rased on the SMB simulation and experimental results, 100% purity of R and S Bupivacaine were obtained and the error between the calculated and experimental value was within ±2%.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Protective Effects of N-acetylcystenine and Selenium against Doxorubicin Toxicity in Rats

Yeo-sung Yoon,Sun-don Kim,Min-hye Lee,Heung-shik S.Lee,In-se Lee,Je-kyung Sung,Eun-sung Park 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Effects of N-acetylcysteine and Selenium against Doxorubicin Toxicity in RatsEun-sung Park, Sun-don Kim1, Min-hye Lee, Heung-shik S. Lee, In-se Lee, Je-kyung Sung and Yeo-sung Yoon*

철과 망간이 동시에 코팅된 반응성 매질을 이용한 용존 Fe(2) 제거

민상윤(Sang Yoon Min),장윤영(Yoon Young Chang),양재규(Jae Kyu Yang) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구에서는 산화망간과 산화철이 단독 및 복합 코팅된 반응성매질인 망간코팅사(MCS), 철코팅사(ICS) 그리고 철-망 간코팅사(IMCS)를 이용하여 용존 Fe(II)의 산화 및 제거능을 평가하였다. 반응성매질에 KMnO₄와 NaOCl를 추가적인 산화제로 이용하였을 때의 Fe(II) 제거능을 반응용액의 pH, 반응시간, Fe(II) 농도변화에 따라 조사하였다. 반응성매질 및 추가적인 산화제 없이 Fe(II) 용액만을 사용한 경우, pH 5 이하에서는 Fe(II)의 느린 산화에 의해 제거율이 낮았으나 이후에는 빠른 산화 및 침전반응에 의해 제거율이 증가하였다. ICS만을 사용하였을 때 ICS 표면에 의한 Fe(II)의 제거는 극히 제한적인 것으로 나타났다. 망간 산화물이 코팅된 IMCS와 MCS를 사용한 경우 낮은 pH에서도 Fe(II)가 산화망간에 의해 산화되었으며 용액으로부터 효과적으로 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. Fe(II)는 IMCS만 단독으로 사용했을 때와 NaOCl을 산화제로 사용했을 때 제거율에서 큰 차이가 나지 않았다. IMCS와 산화제를 이용하여 Fe(II)을 제거할 경우, 용액의 pH가 증가함에 따라 이들의 산화능이 증가하였고 이로써 전체 제거율의 증가를 가져왔다. Fe(II)의 제거에 관한 반응속도 실험결과 유사-1차 반응 보다는 유사-2차 반응 식으로 더 잘 표현되었으며 KMnO₄를 추가적인 산화제로 이용한 경우 Fe(II)는 14,286 mg/kg·hr의 높은 초기 제거율(h)을 보였다. KMnO₄ 주입 시 반응시간 10분 안에 제거평형에 도달하였고 NaOCl의 경우는 6시간 후에 거의 제거평형에 도달하는 것으로 나타났다. IMCS에 의한 Fe(II)의 최대 제거량 값을 구하기 위해 pH 4에서 Langmuir 등온식에 적용한 결과 1,088 mg/kg의 제거량을 보였다. Evaluation of the removal efficiencies of Fe(II) by reactive sand media coated with manganese (MCS), iron (ICS) and both of iron and manganese (IMCS) was investigated as functions of solution pH ranging from 2 to 9, reaction time and concentration of Fe(II) in a batch reactor using each reactive medium and additional oxidants such as KMnO₄ and NaOCl. When only Fe(II) was present in solution without any reactive medium, removal of Fe(II) was quite low below pH 5 due to a slow oxidation of Fe(II) and/or negligible precipitation but greatly increased above pH 5 due to a rapid oxidation of Fe(II) and subsequent precipitation of oxidized Fe species. ICS showed negligible efficiency on the removal of Fe(II) through adsorption. However, an efficient removal of Fe(II) was observed at low solution pH in the presence of IMCS or MCS through rapid oxidation and subsequent precipitation. Removal efficiency of Fe(II) by IMCS in the presence or absence of NaOCl was quite similar. Removal rate of Fe(II) by IMCS and additional oxidants gradually increased as the solution pH increased. From the kinetic experiments, removal pattern of Fe(II) was better described by pseudo-second-order equation than pseudo-first-order equation. A rapid removal of Fe(II) using IMCS in the presence of KMnO₄ was observed in the first 10 min. The initial removal rate of Fe(II) using KMnO₄ was 14,286 mg/kg·hr. In case of using NaOCl, the removal of Fe(II) occurred rapidly in the first 6 hrs and then reached the near-equilibrium state. Removal of Fe(II) on IMCS was well expressed by Langmuir isotherm and the maximum removal capacity of Fe(II) was calculated as 1,088 mg/kg.

Development of electrochemical biosensor for detection of pathogenic microorganism in Asian dust events

Yoo, Min-Sang,Shin, Minguk,Kim, Younghun,Jang, Min,Choi, Yoon-E,Park, Si Jae,Choi, Jonghoon,Lee, Jinyoung,Park, Chulhwan Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.175 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We developed a single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of <I>Bacillus subtilis,</I> one of the microorganisms observed in Asian dust events, which causes respiratory diseases such as asthma and pneumonia. SWCNTs plays the role of a transducer in biological antigen/antibody reaction for the electrical signal while 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (1-PBSE) and ant-<I>B. subtilis</I> were performed as a chemical linker and an acceptor, respectively, for the adhesion of target microorganism in the developed biosensor. The detection range (10<SUP>2</SUP>–10<SUP>10</SUP> CFU/mL) and the detection limit (10<SUP>2</SUP> CFU/mL) of the developed biosensor were identified while the response time was 10 min. The amount of target <I>B. subtilis</I> was the highest in the specificity test of the developed biosensor, compared with the other tested microorganisms (<I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>, <I>Flavobacterium psychrolimnae</I>, and <I>Aquabacterium commune</I>). In addition, target <I>B. subtilis</I> detected by the developed biosensor was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A SWCNTs-based biosensor was developed for the detection of <I>Bacillus subtilis.</I> </LI> <LI> The biosensor was composed of SWCNTs, 1-PBSE, and anti-<I>B. subtilis</I> antibody. </LI> <LI> The performance of the biosensor was assessed using a sensor sensitivity and specificity tests. </LI> <LI> The detection limit and detection range were 10<SUP>2</SUP> and 10<SUP>2</SUP>–10<SUP>10</SUP> CFU/mL, respectively. </LI> <LI> The detection time of the biosensor was identified as 10 min. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

붕장어 부산물로 제조한 붕장어탕의 식품학적 특성

허민수(Min Soo Heu),이택상(Take Sang Lee),김혜숙(Hye-Suk Kim),지성준(Seung Joon Jee),이재형(Jae Hyoung Lee),김형준(Hyung Jun Kim),윤민석(Min Seok Yoon),박신호(Shin Ho Park),김진수(Jin-Soo Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.37 No.4

붕장어 가공부산물인 머리와 frame를 효율적으로 이용하기 위한 일련의 연구로 붕장어 부산물을 이용한 붕장어탕의 개발을 시도하였고, 아울러 이의 식품성분 특성에 대하여도 살펴보았다. 살균조건 및 가온일수에 따른 붕장어탕의 저장성 부여를 위한 최적 살균조건은 F? value=8분으로 판단되었다. 붕장어탕의 일반성분은 수분의 경우 90.7%, 조단백질의 경우 4.8%, 조지방의 경우 2.6%, 조회분의 경우 1.5%를 나타내었다. 붕장어탕의 엑스분 질소 함량은 243.1 ㎎/100 g으로 시판 추어탕의 208.0 ㎎/100 g보다 높았다. 붕장어탕의 총 아미노산 함량은 4,310 ㎎/100 g이었고, 주요 구성아미노산은 glutamic acid(637.3 ㎎/100 g, 14.8%), glycine(409.1 ㎎/100 g, 9.5%) 및 alanine(404.4 ㎎/100 g, 9.3%)등이었다. 붕장어탕은 관능적인 비린내는 거의 감지되지 않았고, 맛은 우수하였으며, 항산화능이 인정되었으나 ACE 저해능은 크게 기대할 수 없었다. For the effective use of the conger eel by-products, such as head and frame, Tang, which is the Korean-type soup, from conger eel by-products (TCEB) was developed and its food component characterization was compared with that of commercial Chueotang, loach Tang. According to the results of viable cells and coliform group of TCEB heated at 115oC for various times, the reasonable F0 value was 8 min. The proximate composition of TCEB was 90.7% for the moisture, 4.8% for the protein, 2.6% for the lipid, and 1.5% for the ash. The extractive-nitrogen content of TCEB was 243.1 ㎎/100 g, which was higher than that of commercial Chueotang, 208.0 ㎎/100 g. The total amino acid content of TCEB was 4,310 ㎎/100 g and its major amino acids were glutamic acid (637.3 ㎎/100 g, 14.8%), glycine (409.1 ㎎/100 g, 9.5%) and alanine (404.4 ㎎/100 g, 9.3%). TCEB was not felt in the sensual fish odor and its sensual taste was good. The health functional properties for health of TCEB were 1.29 as a PF (protection factor) for antioxidative activity and 39.4% for angiotensin Ⅰ converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting activity.

Soymilk를 이용한 요구르트 제조 및 저장기간 동안의 품질변화에 관한 연구

신상민 ( Sang Min Shin ),송광영 ( Kwang Young Song ),서건호 ( Kun Ho Seo ),윤여창 ( Yoh Chang Yoon ) 한국유가공기술과학회 2012 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.30 No.2

This study was performed for analyzing the general composition and the change in the quality of soymilk-derived yogurts manufactured by adding skim milk and whey powder to soymilk heat-treated at 95℃/5 min and 120℃/10 min, respectively. 1. During the storage of soymilk yogurt, the concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, and lactose slightly decreased, whereas viscosity, content of ash and NPN, and the number of lactic acid bacteria remained unchanged. 2. The pH and titratable acidity changed rapidly in all soymilk yogurts after 3 h of incubation. 3. We found 7.8×108 lactic acid bacteria in the control sample, 4.7×108 and 5.02×108 in soymilk yogurt with skim milk, respectively, and 5.9×108 and 5.5×108, respectively in soymilk yogurt with whey powder according to degree of heat treatment with 95℃/5 min and 120℃/10 min. 4. The viscosity of yogurt samples became lower as the heat treatment increased in temperature and in the length of time. 5. The value of sensory evaluation was relatively high in soymilk yogurt with the added skim milk, which was heat-treated 95℃/5 min; however, the value was significantly lower than that of the control sample. 6. Lactose, glucose, and galactose were detected in all samples because lactose is degraded into glucose and galactose within 3 h of inoculation.

성인에서 기관내삽관을 위한 Pipecuronium 일회 정주 적정 용량

최영석,윤석민,임상호,이미경,박영철,류태간 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.33 No.3

Background : Studies in animals suggest that pipecuronium dose not induce hemodynamic chan-ges related to histamine release or to an effect on the autonomic nervous system. Therefore the effects of bolus administration of large doses of pipecuronium, up to 0.20 mg/kg, on the intubation condition, onset and duration of neuromuscular blockade, heart rate and blood pressure were studied during fentanyl- nitrous oxide anesthesia. Method : Forty adults were randomly assigned to receive a bolus injection of either 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mg/kg of pipecuronium. Neuromuscular blockade was measured using mechanomyographic activity of the adductor pollicis muscle after supramaximal stimulation of the ulnar nerve. Four subgroups of 10 patients received pipecuronium doses of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mg/kg, respectively, as an intubating dose. Results : The times of onset and clinical duration(mean sem) after each dose were as follows: 0.05 mg/kg, 2.98 0.42 and 41.5 2.42 min; 0.10 mg/kg, 1.54 0.06 and 82.9 7.48 min; 0.15 mg/kg, 1.41 0.14 and 124.8 13.1 min; 0.20 mg/kg, 1.12 0.05 and 187.1 12.8 min. The intubation condition, time of onset and duration after doses of 0.05 mg/kg were significantly different from values after the higer doses. The duration was increased with dose-increments. No dose-related changes in heart rate or blood pressure were observed. Conclusion : The authors conclude that dose of 0.10 mg/kg and over has good intubation condition clinically and large bolus dose of pipecuronium can be safely used with a significantly prolonged duration of action without hemodynamic change. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 33: 453∼457)

Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>