학교평생교육에 대한 현직교사의 인식 조사 연구 : 서울시 초등학교 교사를 중심으로

전주성,유은수,한수연,이현주,임희연,이희송 한국성인교육학회 2007 Andragogy Today : International Journal of Adult & Vol.10 No.3

흰쥐의 신경병증성 통증에 대한경피신경전기자극과 미세전류신경근자극

이윤주,이충휘,조상현,임중우,남택상 大韓再活醫學會 1999 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.23 No.3

Inoue Balloon을 이용한 PMV의 장·단기 결과 분석

진은선,이연아,전숙,김현숙,정승묵,박상선,최락경,임달수,홍석근,황흥곤 대한순환기학회 2003 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.33 No.11

A Study on the Evaluation of Visual Fatigue Caused by Watching Smart Phones and Changes of Brain Waves: Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) and Event-Related Potentials(ERPs) in a Go/NoGo Task

Yoon-Hee Kim,Hyun-Sung Leem 대한시과학회 2015 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.05

Purpose: Since the advent of smart phones, the amount of time spending on their use has rapidly increased and there are several health concerns regarding sight, causing prolonged smart phones viewing. The purpose of this study was to estimate how much eyes become fatigued based on quantitative electroencephalogram(qEEG) and to analyze the correlation between the fatigue and attention using event-related potentials(ERPs) as objective assessments. Methods: here were thirty, healthy, right-handed subjects(male 15, female 15) participating in this study. 64-channel of qEEG data with their eye-closed was collected and they performed Go/Nogo tasks before and after watching smart phones. A questionnaire regarding the visual fatigue was also collected in both conditions. The changes of pre- and post-task of watching smart phones were analyzed and compared in terms of four wavebands and algorithms, delta(δ), theta(θ), alpha(α), beta(β), (α+ θ)/ β, α/ β, (α+θ)/(α+β), and θ/ β for fatigue detection. Results: The results clearly show that all four energy values of qEEG and algorithms related to the fatigue in the post-viewing condition significantly changed than those in the pre-viewing condition. As seen in the results of ERP, nogo-N2 amplitude only on Fz electrode was slightly higher and nogo-P3 amplitudes on Fz and Cz were considerably lower in the post-task than in the pre-watching. However, there were no significant differences of go-N2 and P3 found at any electrodes. The results of behavioral performance demonstrate that the error rates(ER) of nogo-condition were obviously increased after using smart phones and there was a tendency for reaction time(RT) to be delayed compared with before watching it. Conclusions: This research denotes that it can be a fairly useful measure for using qEEG and ERP when assessing the visual fatigue. Its findings suggest that a sustained smart phone viewing leads to the visual fatigue and it can have adverse effects on distraction.

Protective Effects of Fermented Oyster Extract against RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through Scavenging ROS Generation in RAW 264.7 Cells

Jeong, Jin-Woo,Choi, Sung Hyun,Han, Min Ho,Kim, Gi-Young,Park, Cheol,Hong, Su Hyun,Lee, Bae-Jin,Park, Eui Kyun,Kim, Sung Ok,Leem, Sun-Hee,Jeon, You-Jin,Choi, Yung Hyun MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.6

<P>Excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts causes bone loss-related diseases and reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as second messengers in intercellular signaling pathways during osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we explored the protective effects of fermented oyster extract (FO) against receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in murine monocyte/macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Our results showed that FO markedly inhibited RANKL-induced activation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and formation of F-actin ring structure. Mechanistically, FO has been shown to down-regulate RANKL-induced expression of osteoclast-specific markers by blocking the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the transcriptional activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) and c-Fos. Furthermore, FO markedly diminished ROS production by RANKL stimulation, which was associated with blocking the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (NOX1) and its regulatory subunit Rac-1. However, a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting <I>NOX1</I> suppressed RANKL-induced expression of osteoclast-specific markers and production of ROS and attenuated osteoclast differentiation as in the FO treatment group. Collectively, our findings suggest that FO has anti-osteoclastogenic potential by inactivating the NF-κB-mediated NFATc1 and c-Fos signaling pathways and inhibiting ROS generation, followed by suppression of osteoclast-specific genes. Although further studies are needed to demonstrate efficacy in in vivo animal models, FO may be used as an effective alternative agent for the prevention and treatment of osteoclastogenic bone diseases.</P>

Influences of dominant eye according to the visual field : ERP study

Joong-Gu Kang,Seung-Hwan Lee,Hyun-Sung Leem 대한시과학회 2015 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Purpose : This study is to investigate that influence of dominant eye on the neural mechanisms involved in visual inputs system using ERPs which are neural signals that reflect neural activity. Methods : Twenty three normal controls adults with right dominant eye and twenty normal controls adults with left dominant eye participated in this experiment. In initial screening, we had neuropsychological test with BAI and BDI-2. All participants had normal or corrected visual acuity 20/20. Edinburgh Handedness Inventory was carried out to select right-handed. To identify dominant eye, the hole-in- card test was executed repeatedly three times. To assess whether influence of dominant eye on the neural mechanisms involved in visual inputs system, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded with electroencephalography. Performance measure was the reaction time (RT). The ERPs in response to dominant eye in respect of visual field were investigated in three regions: the temporal-occipital, the occipital and the parietal regions. Especially, the P100 amplitude in occipital region, N170 amplitude in temporal-occipital region and the P300 amplitude in parietal region were explored. Results : A significant difference in RT was observed between the RVF and LVF, which the RVF exhibited shorter RT than the LVF with right hand in left dominant eye (t=-5.47, p<0.001). P100 latency showed that the RVF had shorter latency than the LVF with right hand in right dominant eye (p<0.001). N170 amplitude revealed that the RVF had larger amplitude than the LVF with right hand in right dominant eye (p<0.001). N170 latency revealed that the RVF had shorter latency than the LVF with right hand in right dominant eye (p<0.001). P300 amplitude and latency were no main effect for dominant eye. Conslusions : This present study has attempted to establish the influence of dominant eye on the neural mechanisms involved in visual inputs system. The conclusion which can be drawn from this study are that visual stimuli incoming from the RVF or LVF are differently recognized depends upon each dominant eye. That is, while the participants with right dominant eye responded more actively on stimuli coming from LVF than RVF when they conducted the experiment with their left hand, the participants with left dominant eye responded more actively on stimuli coming from RVF than LVF when they conducted the experiment with their right hand.

Hwang-Heuk-San induces apoptosis in HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells through the ROS-mediated activation of caspases and the inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

LEE, MOON HEE,HONG, SU-HYUN,PARK, CHEOL,KIM, GI-YOUNG,LEEM, SUN-HEE,CHOI, SUNG HYUN,KEUM, YOUNG-SAM,HYUN, JIN WON,KWON, TAEG KYU,HONG, SANG HOON,CHOI, YUNG HYUN NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION 2016 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.36 No.1

<P>Hwang-Heuk-San (HHS) is a polyherbal formulation that has been used in traditional Korean medicine for hundreds of years to treat gastrointestinal malignancy. However, to date, the mechanisms responsible for the anticancer effects remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of HHS using HCT116 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Our results showed that HHS treatment significantly reduced cell survival and increased apoptotic cell death in a concentration dependent manner. The treatment of HCT116 cells with HHS also significantly elevated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was followed by the attenuation of the mitochondrial membrane potential through the upregulation of Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2, which was accompanied by the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. In addition, HHS treatment caused the truncation of Bid and activated the caspases (caspase-8,-9 and -3), which was associated with the induction of the Fas ligand, the death receptors (DRs), DR4 and DR5, downregulation of the inhibitors of protein expression in the apoptosis protein family, and the degradation of poly(ADPribose)-polymerase. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor reversed the HHS-induced apoptosis and growth suppression, indicating that HHS induces apoptosis though a caspase-dependent intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway in HCT116 cells. Moreover, HHS treatment inhibited the activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling, and a pharmacological inhibitor of PI3K significantly potentiated the apoptotic effects of HHS when employed in combination in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, the blocking of ROS generation by antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine attenuated the HHS-induced release of cytochrome c, caspase activation and PI3K/Akt inactivation, thereby preventing HHS-induced apoptosis and reduction in cell viability. These findings suggest that HHS-induced ROS generation is required for caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death involving inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. Overall, our findings suggest that HHS may be an effective treatment for CRC cancer, and further studies are required to identify the active compounds in HHS.</P>

Analysis of Functional Constituents in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Twigs by Different Cultivars, Producing Areas, and Heat Processings

Sang Won Choi,Yeon Jeong Jang,Yu Jin Lee,Hyun Hee Leem,Eun Ok Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.18 No.4

Four functional constituents, oxyresveratrol 3"-O-β-D-glucoside (ORTG), oxyresveratrol (ORT), t-resveratrol (RT), and moracin (MC) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of mulberry (Morus alba L.) twigs by a series of isolation procedures, including solvent fractionation, and silica-gel, ODS-A, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were identified by NMR and FABMS spectral analysis. Quantitative changes of four phytochemicals in mulberry twigs were determined by HPLC according to cultivar, producing area, and heat processing. ORTG was a major abundant compound in the mulberry twigs, and its levels ranged from 23.7 to 105.5 mg% in six different mulberry cultivars. Three other compounds were present in trace amounts (<1 mg/100 g) or were not detected. Among mulberry cultivars examined, "Yongcheon" showed the highest level of ORTG, whereas "Somok" had the least ORTG content. Levels of four phytochemicals in the mulberry twigs harvested in early September were higher than those harvested in early July. Levels of ORTG and ORT in the “Cheongil” mulberry twigs produced in the Uljin area were higher than those produced in other areas. Generally, levels of ORTG and ORT in mulberry twigs decreased with heat processing, such as steaming, and microwaving except roasting, whereas those of RT and MC did not considerably vary according to heat processing. These results suggest that the roasted mulberry twigs may be useful as potential sources of functional ingredients and foods.

KO-202125, a sauristolactam derivate, induces apoptosis to prevent KB human oral squamous carcinoma cells through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Leem, Dae-Ho,Choi, Kyeong-Hee,Han, Hye-Suk,Kim, Jun-Hee,Shin, Ji-Ae,Choi, Eun-Sun,Shim, Jung-Hyun,Kong, Gu,Min, Yong-Ki,Nam, Jeong-Seok,Oh, Seung Hyun,Kim, Kyoung-A,Kwon, Ki Han,Cho, Nam-Pyo,Cho, Sung Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.19 No.1

In a previous study, we demonstrated that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in Korean patients having oral cancer. The goal of this study was to study whether KO-202125 (KO), a sauristolactam derivative in KB human oral squamous carcinoma cells, inhibits the activity of COX-2 enzyme and induces apoptotic cell death. In this study, it was shown that KO inhibited COX-2 mRNA and protein and its catalytic activity (prostaglandin E2), but not COX-1. The antiproliferative effect of KO on KB cells was also examined. The results showed that KO significantly decreased the number of viable cells and showed morphological changes in a concentration-dependent manner. The decrease in cell number was associated with apoptotic cell death evidenced by cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), nuclear fragmentation, sub-G1 population and annexin V positivity. Interestingly, KO is more potent than celecoxib, which is a well-known selective COX-2 inhibitor, although more studies are needed to prove it. Altogether, these results show that KO can act as a potent antioral cancer drug candidate by regulating COX-2 activity.

Satisfaction with life and the risk of occupational injury

Sung-Min Park,Hwan-Cheol Kim,Shin-Goo Park,Hyun-Suk Jang,Go Choi,Jong-Han Leem 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-

Background: Occupational injuries increase burden on society as well as personal health. Low satisfaction with life may not only increases the risk of occupational injuries directly, but also influences other factors that increase the risk of occupational injury. Along with previous studies on the risk of occupational injury, we sought to explore the relationship between satisfaction with life and occupational injury. Methods: The study participants were 6234workers health screened at a university hospital in Incheon. Information on occupational injury and satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) was obtained in a self-report format. Participants were allocated to one of four SWLS groups; the dissatisfied group, the slightly dissatisfied group, the slightly satisfied group, and the satisfied group. The analysis was performed using the chi-square test primarily and by logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. Results: In men, the un-adjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of low satisfaction with life (SWLS< 20) were 1.98(CI1.55–2.53) and 1.81(CI 1.41–2.32), respectively. When the SWLS were divided into four groups, the adjusted ORs of the slightly satisfied (20–25), slightly dissatisfied(15–19), and dissatisfied(≤14) groups were 1.21, 1.72, and 2.70, respectively. That is ORs tended to increase linearly with decreasing SWLS score (p for trend < 0.001). In women, this relation was of borderline significance at best. When subjects were dichotomized based on SWLS scores, for males, the cured and adjusted RRs of occupational injury in the low satisfaction with life group were1.91 (95% CI: 1.50–2.42) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.30–2.13), and for females, the adjusted-RR was marginally significant (1.67; 95% CI: 0.93–2.99). When subjects were divided into four groups by SWLS scores, adjusted RRs tended to increase linearly with decreasing SWLS score for males (slightly satisfied: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.77–1.82; slightly dissatisfied: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.08–2.52; dissatisfied: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.44–3.42; p for trend < 0.001) and for females (slightly satisfied: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.42–3.30; slightly dissatisfied: 1.56, 95% CI: 0.56–4.36; dissatisfied: 2.38, 95% CI: 0.84–6.74; p for trend = 0.040). Conclusions: This study suggests that the risk of occupational injury was higher in workers not satisfied with life, and indicates attention to satisfaction with life may promote the health of workers.