Performance Variation According to Device Structure and the Source/Drain Metal Electrode of a-IGZO TFTs

Sang Ho Rha,Jisim Jung,Yoonsoo Jung,Yoon Jang Chung,Un Ki Kim,Eun Suk Hwang,Byoung Keon Park,Tae Joo Park,Jung-Hae Choi,Cheol Seong Hwang IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.59 No.12

<P>The transmission-line method (TLM) was adopted to clarify the causes of device performance variation according to the source/drain metal electrode and device structure of a thin-film transistor using an amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide channel. Using the TLM, the channel characteristics independent of contact resistance were extracted for the two different contact metals, i.e., Ti and Mo. Based on these results, the mobility characteristics were compared in terms of device scaling and contact structure in the source/drain overlap region. In addition, the transport characteristics according to the contact structure of the source/drain metal electrode were investigated in detail and reproduced using the simulation model.</P>

No Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) Elements Expression after Pig-to-Nonhuman Primate Xenotransplantation

Seongsoo Hwang,Yideun Jung,Kahee Cho,Keon Bong Oh,Sun-A Ock,Seoki Im,Heui-Soo Kim,Ik Jin Yun,Curie Ahn,Jin-Ki Park 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2013 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

No expression of porcine endogenous retrovirus after pig to monkey xenotransplantation

Seongsoo Hwang,Yi-Deun Jung,Kahee Cho,Sun-A Ock,Keon-Bong Oh,Heui-Soo Kim,Ik-Jin Yun,Curie Ahn,Jin-Ki Park,Seoki Im 한국실험동물학회 2014 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.30 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the expression of two porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) elements, PERV gag and full-length conserved PERV, in blood cells collected periodically from organrecipient monkeys that underwent pig to non-human primate xenotransplantation. The heart and kidney—respectively acquired from α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GT-KO) pigs that survived for24 and 25 days—were xenografted into cynomolgus monkeys. The two PERV elements expressed in the xenografted GT-KO pig organs were not present in the blood cells of the recipient monkeys. In the present study, we deduced that PERVs are not transmitted during GT-KO pig to monkey xenotransplantation.

유전자 기법을 이용한 북한강 수역 Anabaena strain의 동정 및 Geosmin 생산 잠재성 분석

김건희 ( Keon Hee Kim ),임병진 ( Byung Jin Lim ),유경아 ( Kyoung A You ),박명환 ( Myung Hwan Park ),박정환 ( Jung Hwan Park ),김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.4

This study was conducted to identify the bloom-forming Anabaena strains with two phenotypes (straight-type and coil-type) isolated from North Han River (Sambong-ri Joam-myun) using 16S rDNA sequence. The odor material producing potential was also examined using the geosmin-synthesizing gene cluster. Despite of striking morphological difference of the two stains, resembling A. circinalis and A. crassa species, the phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA identified the both strains as a single species of A. circinalis with high genetic similarity (98%~100%). Also, two Anabaena strains showed to possess the geosmin-synthesizing gene cluster, indicating that they are capable of producing the odor substance. This study is the first report that provides the direct evidence of geosmin production in the gene level by A. circinalis in Korea, and provides important basic information to identify the source alga of geosmin increase and its management in North Han River.

흉부 둔 외상후 8년뒤에 증상이 발현된 삼첨판 폐쇄부전 1례

김연중,문건식,김재성,황흥곤 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.10

소아 자가말초혈액 조혈모세포이식 환자의 감염 양상

유건희,이계향,이수현,김성혜,김상종,유동길,황수정,조은주,구홍회 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.2

연구배경: 소아 자가 조혈모세포이식 환자를 대상으로 감염의 양상을 파악하여 이의 예방 및 치료를 위한 합리적인 대처 방안에 대해 모색하고자 하였다. 방법: 2001년 3월부터 2002년 4월까지 삼성서울병원 소아과에서 고용량 화학요법 및 자가 조혈모세포이식을 시행받은 27명을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 발열 및 감염의 양상에 대한 전반적인 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 이식 시 중앙연령은 60개월(16~195개월)이었고 남아가 18예, 여아가 9예이었다. 진단별로는 신경모세포종 12예, 급성골수성백혈병 3예, 비호지킨림프종 3예, 수모세포종 2예, 생식세포종 2예, 원시신경외배엽종양 2예, 기타가 3예이었다. 24예(88.9%)에서 발열이 있었고 총 32회의 새로운 발열이 있었다. 발열이 없이 감염 병소가 있었던 1예를 포함하여 25예(92.6%)에서 감염이 발생하였고 미생물학적으로 확인된 감염이 11.1%, 임상적으로 확인된 감염이 22.2%, 미확인 발열이 59.3%였다. 발열 기간 중 동반된 증상으로는 설사(70.8%)와 구내염(58.3%)이 가장 흔하였다. 총발열 기간은 중앙값 5일(0~13일)이었으며 전신방사선조사를 받은 경우 발열 기간이 더 길었다(P=0.0398). 발열의 65.6%는 ANC 500/μL 미만에서 발생하였으나 ANC 1,000/μL 이상에서도 31.3%가 발생하였다. 1차 경험적 항균요법의 성공률은 26%이었고 항생제 사용 일수는 중앙값 19일(7~50일)이었다. 진균 감염이 증명된 예는 없었다. 이식된 CD34 양성세포의 수가 5×10^(6)/kg 이상일 때 그 미만인 경우보다 항생제 투여 기간이 짧았다(15.5일 vs 18일, P=0.0182). 총 7예가 사망하였으나 감염이 사망의 직접 원인으로 작용한 예는 없었다. 결론: 본 연구 결과를 통해 소아 자가 조혈모세포이식 환자에서는 비교적 이른 시기에 발열이 시작되어 장기간의 항생제 투여가 필요하나 감염에 의한 사망은 드문 것으로 기대된다. 세균 이외의 발열 원인에 대한 쉽고 정확한 진단법의 개발이 필요하며, 항균요법의 방법을 개선하여 과거의 대조군과 비교하는 연구를 통해 더욱 효과적인 감염 예방과 치료방법을 모색해야 하겠다. Background: In this study, we intended to describe the infectious manifestations in children undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) and to establish the proper methods of preventing and treating infectious complications in those patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 27 patients who underwent APBSCT from March 2001 to April 2002 at Samsung Seoul Hospital and analyzed the general manifestations of infectious complications. Results: Median age at transplant was 60 months (16~195 Mo). Patients' diagnoses were neuroblastoma (n=12), acute myeloid leukemia (n=3), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=3), medulloblastoma (n=2), germ cell tumor (n=2), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (n=2), and others (n=3). Fever developed in 24 patients (88.9%) with 32 febrile episodes. Infectious complications occurred in 25 patients (92.6%) including 1 afebrile patient having pneumonic infiltrates. The types of infection were microbiologically documented infection in 11.1%, clinically documented infection in 22.2%, and undefined fever in 59.3%. Diarrhea (70.8%) and oral mucositis (58.3%) were the leading symptom and sign accompanied by febrile episodes. The median duration of fever was 5 days (0~13 days), and it was longer in patients who received total body irradiation (P=0.0398). Fever developed at absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <500/μL in 65.6%, but 31.3% of fever developed at ANC >1,000/μL. The success rate to initial empirical antibiotics was only 26% of patients and the median duration of antibiotic treatment was 19 days (7~50 days), which was significantly shorter when infused CD34^(+) cell count exceeded 5×10^(6)/kg (P=0.0182). There was no proven fungal infection. There were 7 deaths but no patient died from infectious complication. Conclusion: Fever developed relatively earlier, which led to the prolonged use of antibiotics but, mortality rate from infectious complication was rare in children. More accurate and easy diagnostic methods to detect infectious organisms other than bacteria and prospective studies to determine optimal empirical antibiotics for the treatment of fever of unknown origin in APBSCT, would uncover more effective strategy of preventing and treating infectious complications in children undergoing APBSCT.

IEC 용어의 KS 부합화를 위한 체제 및 용어 해설 방안에 대한 연구

황성욱(Hwang Sung-Wook),김정훈(Kim Jung-Hoon),심건보(Shim Keon-Bo),류보혁(Ryu Bo-Hyuk),이응로(Lee Eung-Ro) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.11

As technologies are developed, the quantity of new vocabularies is increasing more rapidly. So many vocabularies of technology have various meanings for each part and are used diversely according to circumstances. Therefore, the necessity of reseonable methods of standardization and purification is increasing and it is necessary to establish a classification system of terminology for the first phase of the standardization. In this papaer, the new system and the meaning elucidation of KS are proposed to correspond with IEC Terminologies.

Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein is Overexpressed in Patients with Unfavorable Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer

Choi, Jaewon,Hwang, Yu Kyeong,Choi, Young Jin,Yoo, Ki Eun,Kim, Jeong Han,Nam, Seok Jin,Yang, Jung Hyun,Lee, Sang Jin,Yoo, Keon Hee,Sung, Ki Woong,Koo, Hong Hoe,Im, Young-Hyuck The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2007 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.22//SUP No.-

<P>Neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) is a recently identified inhibitor of apoptosis protein. However, the clinical relevance of NAIP expression is not completely understood. In an attempt to determine the clinical relevance of NAIP expression in breast cancer, the levels of NAIP and survivin expression were measured in 117 breast cancer samples and 10 normal breast tissues using quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. While there was no evidence of NAIP expression in the normal breast tissue, NAIP was expressed in all breast cancer samples. The level of NAIP expression in breast cancer was significantly higher (257 times) than in the universal tumor control. There was a strong correlation between the level of NAIP expression and the level of survivin expression (<I>p</I>=0.001). The level of NAIP expression in patients with a large tumor (≥T2) and patients with an unfavorable histology (nuclear grade III) was significantly higher than in those patients with a small tumor (T1) and patients with a favorable histology (nuclear grade I, II) (<I>p</I>=0.026 and <I>p</I>=0.050, respectively). Although the level of NAIP expression was higher in patients with other unfavorable prognostic factors, it was not significant. The three-year relapse-free survival rate was not significantly the patients showing high NAIP expression and patients showing low NAIP expression (86.47±4.79% vs. 78.74±6.57%). Further studies should include the expressions of NAIP in a larger number of patients and for a longer period of follow-up to evaluate correlation with metastasis and treatment outcome. In conclusion, NAIP is overexpressed in breast cancer patients with unfavorable clinical features such as stage and tumor size, suggesting that NAIP would play a role in the disease manifestation.</P>

정보 및 감성 프레임워크 기반 도자 주기 로고 및 라벨 디자인 연구

최병건 ( Byong Keon Choi ),황승욱 ( Seung Wook Hwang ),이석진 ( Seok Jin Lee ),안정현 ( Jung Hyun Ahn ) 한국기초조형학회 2015 기초조형학연구 Vol.16 No.6

전통주는 오랜 역사를 거쳐 다양하게 발전되었다. 또한 주류의 수만큼 서로 다른 특성과 스토리를 가지고 있어서 문화적 다양성과 차별성을 보여주는 대표적 문화 콘텐츠다. 그러나 제조업체의 영세성과 체계적인 방법론의 부재로 전통주기 로고와 라벨 개발은 즉흥적으로 수행되는 경우가 많다. 따라서 로고 및 라벨 본연의 기능을 적절히 수행하지 못하는 사례가많은데 이는 주류시장에서 전통주가 갖고 있는 대표적인 부정적 요소의 하나다. 본 연구는 이런 점을 개선하기 위한 도자기 전통주기에 적합한 로고 및 라벨 개발 프레임워크 수립을 목적으로 한다. 전통주 주류 특성을 이용하여 프레임워크를 설계하였으며 이를 실제로 적용해 로고와 라벨을 개발하고 제시하였다. 연구방법은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전통주의 주류 특성을 정보기반과 감성기반으로 나누어 분석하고 각각의 프레임워크를 구성하였다. 둘째, 텍스트 기반의 프레임워크를 이용해 시각화가 가능하도록 프레임워크 항목별 시각화 요소와 방법을 수립하였다. 셋째, 3종의 전통주를 선정하여 연구과정에서 수립된 프레임워크에 대입해 주류특성에 부합하는 로고 라벨을 개발하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 전통주 정보요소와 감성요소 분석에 의해 구체적인 프레임워크 항목 도출이 가능하였다. 둘째, 프레임워크 항목별 시각화 요소를 추출하고 적용방법을 정의하여 체계적인 도자주기 로고 및 라벨 디자인 방법을 수립할 수 있었다. 셋째, 3종의 전통주를 프레임워크에 대입하여 주류 특성에 적합한 전통주기 로고 라벨 개발이 가능하였다. Korean Traditional Alcohol has been diversely developed through long history. In addition, it is one of the classic cultural contents that show cultural diversity and differentiation having as many mutually different characteristics and stories as the number of alcohols. However, smallness of brewers and absence of systemic methodology cause development of logos and labels of trditional drink bottles and glasses to be performed on a whim in many cases. Thus, such example where proper function of logo and label cannot adequately work is one of the leading negative factors that the Korean traditional alcohol has. This study aims at establishing a development framework for logo and label suitable for traditional drink bottles and glasses in order to make improvement of this problem. Development and suggestion have been made through practical adoption of framework design that has been conducted by making most of characteristic of Korean traditional alcohol. Method of the study was as in the following manner. First, characteristic of Korean traditional alcohol was analyzed by separating it between footings of information and sensitivity, each of which consisted of respective framework. Second, visualized factor and method have been set up in order to enable itemized framework to be visualized through use of framework of text base. Third, a logo label has been developed corresponding to characteristic of alcohol by substituting already established framework for three kinds of selected Korean traditional alcohol. As a result of the study: First, through the analysis of factors of information and sensitivity for Korean Traditional Alcohol, deduction of framework items has been made possible. Second, deduction of visualized factors by items of framework has enabled the establishment of the method of systemic design of logo and label for traditional drink bottles and glasses. Third, development of logo label has been made possible for traditional drink bottles and glasses by substituting the framework for the three kinds of Korean Traditional Alcohol.

Expression of Livin, an antiapoptotic protein, is an independent favorable prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Choi, Jaewon,Hwang, Yu Kyeong,Sung, Ki Woong,Lee, Soo Hyun,Yoo, Keon Hee,Jung, Hye Lim,Koo, Hong Hoe,Kim, Hee-Jin,Kang, Hyong Jin,Shin, Hee Young,Ahn, Hyo Seop American Society of Hematology 2007 Blood Vol.109 No.2

<B>Abstract</B><P>Livin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, has been considered to be a poor prognostic marker in malignancies. However, little is known about the clinical relevance of Livin expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, the expression of Livin was analyzed in 222 patients with childhood ALL using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to investigate a possible association with the clinical features at diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Both Livin expression rates and expression levels were higher in patients with favorable prognostic factors. The expression rate was also higher in patients with a favorable day 7 bone marrow response to induction chemotherapy (P < .001). The Livin expression was related to the absence of relapse (P < .001). Similarly, the relapse-free survival rate (± 95% CI) was higher in patients with Livin expression than in patients without Livin expression (97.9% ± 4.0% versus 64.9% ± 11.8%, P < .001). Multivariate analysis for relapse-free survival demonstrated that Livin expression was an independent favorable prognostic factor in childhood ALL (P = .049). This study suggests that Livin expression is a novel prognostic marker in childhood ALL and thus needs to be incorporated into the patient stratification and treatment protocols.</P>