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담수산 이매패 펄조개를 이용한 흐름형 유기물 제어(CROM) 운영-퇴적물의 영향
김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ),백순기 ( Soon Ki Baik ),황수옥 ( Su Ok Hwang ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2009 생태와 환경 Vol.42 No.2
국내산 담수 이매패 펄조개를 이용하여 부영양 저수지의 표층수를 실험실로 유입?처리하고 처리수는 다시 저수지로 환원하는 이른바 `흐름형 유기물 제어’ (CROM: continuous removal of organic matters) 기술을 개발하고 하천에서 채취한 모래퇴적물의 첨가가 유기물 제어와 수질에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 조사하였다. CROM은 크게 저류조, 조정조, 처리조, 분석조 등으로 이루어졌으며, 실험은 처리조에 현장수, 현장수+모래, 현장수+패류, 현장수+모래+패류 등을 각각 구성하여 유입속도는 18~25 Lh-1, 패류밀도는 486.1 indiv. m-2, 수온은 15~22℃ 범위에서 13일간 실시하였다. 유기물 및 수질 변화를 확인하기 위하여 매일 동일한 시간에 수온, pH, DO, 전도도, 탁도, 염분도, 엽록소 a, 부유물질, TN, TP, NO2, NO3, NH3, PO4 등을 측정하거나 채수하여 곧바로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 미처리수의 반송이 패류의 유기물 제어에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았으며 퇴적물의 첨가에 상관없이 실험기간 동안 80% 이상 유기물(부유물질 및 Chl-a)을 감소시켰으나 높은 농도의 암모니아와 인산 등을 배출하였다. 결국 한국산 이매패 펄조개를 이용한 CROM 운영효과는 매우 뚜렷하였으나 장기간 운영시 유기물 제어능 및 패류 생존율에 미치는 다른 요인들-수온, 미생물, 세정주기 등의 변화가 예상되며, 처리수에 대한 처리 및 활용에 대한 다각적인 연구가 뒤따라야 할 것으로 사료되었다. A `continuous removal of organic matters (CROM) system` using a native freshwater bivalve in Korea Anodonta woordiana, was developed to determine its potential of controlling various sestons in eutrophic lake system, and to evaluate its effect on water quality improvement under consideration of sediment addition as habitat. We designed CROM experiments with four treatments: no mussels and no sediment (W, negative control), no mussels and sediment (WS, positive control), mussels and no sediment (WM), and mussels and sediment (WMS). The experiments were performed at the condition of 18~25 L h-1 of inflow, mussel density of 486.1 indiv. m-2, and temperatures between 15 and 22℃ for 13 consecutive days. Physicochemical and biological parameters were measured at daily (10:00 am) intervals after the mussel addition. Results indicated that mussel stockings without addition of sediment effectively removed sestons (suspended solids and chlorophyll-a) at nearly same level over 80 percentage of the control during the study, while there were no differences in removal activities of sestons between with and without sediment (P>0.5). Therefore, it clearly suggests that CROM system using A. woordiana has a strong potential to control the seston in surface water of eutrophic lake.
부착규조 군집과 유기오탁지수를 이용한 오산천의 수질평가
김백호(Baik-Ho Kim),최환석(Hwan-Seok Choi),김미연(Mi-Yeon Kim),유형빈(Hyung-Bin Yoo) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.2
To investigate the epilithic diatom community and water quality of the Osan stream, water samples were collected from the eight stations from April to September 2003. Sampling was two times before and after heavy rain. Total 52 diatom were identified and divided into 12 saproxenosus taxa, 6 saprophilous taxa and 34 indifferent taxa, respectively. The DAIpo values higher after heavy rain than before that. According to tolerance degree to the organic water pollution, all sampling stations ranged from α-oligosaprobic to α-mesosaprobic. Thus, the result indicates that the water quality of Osan stream is gradually improved by heavy rain.
김백호(Baik-Ho Kim),최환석(Hwan-Seok Choi),서미연(Mi-Yeon Suh),한명수(Myung-Soo Han) 대한환경위생공학회 2004 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Flora and standing crops of the periphyton communities were examined at five sites in the mountainous streams of the Dam of Peace, Korea, from June to November 2003. The attached algal communities comprised totally 76 taxa belong to the 5 classes. In species composition, diatoms and green algae overwhelmingly dominated the periphyton communities although their standing crops were low. During the survey period, major dominant species were Nauicula gregaria and Nau. pupla var. capitata, as 11.7% and 8.9% of total standing crop, respectively. Other subdominant species were Scenedesmus ecornis and Spirogyra weberii in green algae, Cymbella affinis, Cymbella minuta Fragilaria capucina, Melosira uarians, Nau. cryptocephala, Nau. exigua uar. capitata, Nau. gregaria, Nit. sublinearis in diatom In the seasonal appearances, S. ecornis and Oscillatoria nigra were occurred in summer, C affinis and F. capucina in autumn, and N sublinearis, and species Spirogyra weberii in winter, respectively.
단기간 탁수와 유속 변동이 부착돌말류 성장에 미치는 영향
김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ),박혜진 ( Hye Jin Park ),민한나 ( Han Na Min ),공동수 ( Dong Su Kong ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국물환경학회 2011 한국물환경학회지 Vol.27 No.6
Short-term effects of current velocity and turbid water on the benthic diatom community and water quality were examined in artificial channel (20×200×10 cm) with two different experiments. The first and second experiments were consisted of different current velocities such as 1 L/min., and 1, 3, and 6 L/min., respectively. The concentration of turbid water is prepared with loess and fixed at 10 and 20 times of the turbidity of control inflow (10 NTU, LTW), respectively. At experiment 1 (EXP-1), introduction of turbid water increased dissolved oxygen, electric conductivity, pH and turbidity, but there were no differences between low- (100 NTU, MTW) and high-turbid water (200 NTU, HTW). However, experiment 2 (EXP-2) did not change any environmental parameters except dissolved total and inorganic nitrogen like EXP-1. MTW in EXP-1 strongly stimulated the growth of benthic diatom, while both MTW (150 NTU) and HTW (300 NTU) in EXP-2 did not increase or decrease the diatom abundance. Over the study, the dominant species was four, Aulacoseira ambigua, Cyclotella stelligera, Aulacoseira granulata and Achnanthes minutissima. In EXP-1, two highest species in abundance, A. ambigua and A. granulata were highly grown in MTW, while Achnanthes minutissima high in HTW adversely. These results indicate that the introduction of turbid water can play an important role in the shift of water quality and benthic diatom community in stream ecosystem, especially inflow of soil water in low current velocity.
온배수 유입 소형하천의 수질 및 토양오염과 회복에 관한 연구 1. 온배수가 인근 소하천과 농업 환경에 미치는 영향
김백호(Baik Ho Kim),최민규(Min Kyu Choi),정연태(Yeun Tai Chung),이덕배(Deog Bae Lee),이경보(Kyeong Bo Lee),김미연(Mi Youn Kim),박승택(Seung Taeck Park) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.3
This study was carried out to investigate the influence of spa sewage on water quality and chemical contents in the paddy soil along stream from 1997 to 1998. Concentration of PO_4, SO_4, Cl, NH_4, Ca, Na and COD in the spa sewage were lower than standard for agricultural usage, and were lowered as the sewage flew to the into stream. The concentration of SO_4 in spa sewage was over the criteria for agricultural usage in the inlet, but was lower than criteria for agricultural usage by inlet of non polluted stream water. Concentration of pollutants in the sediment of water channel were the highest in the inlet site. There were no pollutants accumulation in the paddy soil where spa sewage was irrigated. It may be resulted from nutrients uptake of rice plant and self purification of paddy soil. On the while, considering electric conductivity and nitrate in spa sewage, this results suggest that long-term irrigation of the spa sewage may be required general management with some decreasing fertilization. [Spa sewage, Water quality, Agricultural environment. Sediment].
겨울철 녹조발생 원인종 Stephanodiscus hantzschii의 생물학적제어를 위한 미소생물제재의 적용실험
김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ),강윤호 ( Yoon Ho Kang ),한명수 ( Myung Soo Han ) 한국하천호수학회 2004 생태와 환경 Vol.37 No.2
To examine the algicidal effect of co-treatment of biological control agent on centric diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii in the filtered water, an endemic algicidal bacterium (Pseudomonas putida) and a heterotrich ciliate (Stentor roselli) were isolated from Pal` tang reservoir, Korea. Bacterial isolate and ciliate removed 98% and 80% of the diatom for 7 days of cultivation. Co-treatments of these two agents perfectly inhibited the diatom growth, compared to the single treatment of each agent. This synergistic interaction of the bacterium and ciliate could provide an effective tool in the biomanipulation to control the diatom bloom in freshwater lakes and streams.