이산화탄소수소화 및 MTO반응을 이용한 탄화수소 직접합성에 관한 연구

황종현,서은철,정석진 경희대학교 자연과학종합연구원 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.5 No.-

지구온난화 현상의 주 원인 물질로 알려진 이산화탄소를 저감 또는 재활용하는 방안으로 촉매화학적 전환방법이 가장 경제적 타당성이 있는 기술로 평가되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소의 수소화 반응을 통한 methanol합성과 methanol로부터 olefin을 생성시키는 MTO공정의 연계를 통하여 CO_(2)로부터 olefin을 직접제조하고자 하였다. 메탄을 합성용 촉매로 주로 사용되고 있는 구리계 촉매를 대상으로 촉매 제조변수에 따른 메탄을 합성반응의 활성특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, MTO반응에 있어서 최적 촉매계의 선정 및 공정변수에 따른 전환반응의 활성양상을 검토하였다. 또한 메탄올합성반응과 MTO공정의 연계효과와 hybrid 촉매 상에서 1-bed와 2-bed의 활성결과를 상호 비교하였다. The catalytic fixation of CO_(2) has attracted much attention as one of the most promising methods to mitigate global warming effect. Therefore, we wanted to produce directly hydrocarbons by connection CO_(2) hydrogenation with methanol to olefin(MTO) reaction. With copper based catalyst used for hydrogenation of CO_(2), we studied on the activity of methanol synthesis reaction by preparation method and tried to select optimal catalyst system and the activity aspect by process variation is consulted for the MTO reaction. In addition, direct synthesis of hydrocarbons from CO_(2) hydrogenation and MTO rxn. over hybrid catalyst consists of methanol synthesis catalyst(CuO/ZnO/Al2O3) and zeolite(ZSM-5) were investigated.

원전 중대사고시 피폭경로 및 핵종의 방사선 피폭에 대한 상대적 중요도 해석

황원태,김은한,김병우,서경석,한문희 대한방사선 방어학회 1994 방사선방어학회지 Vol.19 No.3

원자력발전소의 중대 사고시 대기로 방출된 방사성물질에 의해 피폭자가 사고후 일생동안 받게 될 전신 피폭선량의 핵종의 상대적 중요도를 방출점으로부터 거리에 따라 각 피폭결로에 대해 평가하였다. 방사능운과 지표에 침적된 방사성물지에 의한 외부피폭,호흡과 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 내부피폭이 피폭경로로 고려되었다. 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 영향은 우리나라 환경을 고려하여 개발된 동적 섭식경로모델 KORFOOD를 사용하여 침적시점과 침점후 시간에 따른 음식물내 방사성물질의 농도 변화를 고려하였다. 방출점으로부터 80 km까지 피폭선량을 평가한 결과, 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 영향이 가장 놓았다. 핵종별 기여도는 방사능운에 의한 외부피폭과 호흡에 의한 내부피폭의 경우 I, 침적된 방사성물질에 의한 외부피폭의 경우 Cs에 의한 영향이 가장 높았다. 오염된 음식물섭취에 의한 내부피폭의 경우 Cs은 여름철 침적, Sr은 겨울철 침적에 보다 중요한 영향을 미쳤다. In the case of a severe accident of a nuclear power plant, the whole body does and the relative importance of the radionuclides during the lifetime of an exposed person were estimated for each exposure pathway with distances from the release point. The external exposure pathways due to immersion of radioactive could and deposition of radioactive materials on the ground, and the internal exposure pathways due to inhalation and ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs were estimated considering the variation of radioactive concentration in the foodstuffs according to deposition time and elapsed time after deposition using a dynamic ingestion pathway model applicable to Korean environment, named "KORFOOD". As the results up to 80 km from the release point, the effects due to ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs showed the highest contribution to total exposure does. The contribution of I isotopes was the highest in the case of the external does due to immersion of radioactive cloud and internal does due to inhalation. The contribution of Cs isotopes was highest in the case of the external does due to deposition of radioactive materials on the ground. In the case of the internal does due to ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs, Cs deposition in summer and Sr deposition in winter, respectively, were the most dominant radionuclide to whole body.

원자력 사고 중 핵종의 건·습침적에 따른 농작물 오염 영향

황원태,김은한,서경석,한문희,최용호,이창우 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.3

핵종의 지표 침적 모델의 고찰과 함께 방사성물질의 공기중 농도로부터 건침적 뿐 아니라 습침적에 따른 농작물 오염 영향을 분석, 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 방사성물질의 지표 침적량으로부터 농작물의 오염을 평가하는 기존 동적 섭식경로모델을 공기중 농도 또는 지표 침적량으로부터 평가할 수 있도록 개선하였다. 평가결과, 방사성물질의 지표 침적량은 습침적에 의한 영향이 건침적에 의한 영향보다 뚜렷이 높으나, 농작물의 오염정도는 핵종, 강우율 등에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 현상은 방사성물질의 지표 침적과 농작물에로의 차단중 어느 과정이 농작물 오염에 보다 지배적으로 작용하는가에 기인한다. Combined with deposition model onto the ground of radionuclides, the influence of radioactive contamination to agricultural products was analyzed due to wet deposition as well as dry deposition from radioactive air concentration during a nuclear emergency. The previous dynamic food chain model, in which initial input parameter is only radionuclide concentrations on the ground, was improved for the evaluating of radioactive contamination to agricultural products from either radionuclide concentrations in air or radionuclide concentrations on the ground. As the results, in case of deposition onto the ground, wet deposition was more dominant process than dry deposition. While the contamination levels of agricultural products were dependent on the a variety of factors such as radionuclides and rainfall rate. It means that the contamination levels of agricultural products are determined from which is more dominant process between deposition on the ground and interception onto agricultural plants.

韓國人에서 重合酵素反應으로 分析한 DXS52 遺傳座位의 遺傳的 多樣性

황적준,박희경,이경,이희석,송은섭 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The DXS52 locus was studied in a Korean population sample(n=142) for its allele and genotype frequencies and applicability to identity and paternity testing, using polymerase chain reaction with electrophoresis of PCR products and subsequent detection of allelic fragments by ethidium bromide staining. In Korean population, 15 alleles with the frequency range of 0.319-0.005 are detected in the DXS52 locus, and the highest allele frequency among them is found to be allele 1(0.319). The correlation coefficient between gene frequencies detected in female in mali is 0.9334, indicating that the gene frequency in males follows that of females in Korean population. This locus studied meets Hardy-Weinberg expectation : there is good agreement between the observed and expected values under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotypes 1-12(0.118) are mostly frequent found among the 29 genotypes detected in Korean female, but the 91 genotypes are not found. The observed heterozygosity for this locus is 0.809, while the unbiased expected estimate of heterozygosity is 0.827 calculated by the expectation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(p>0.05). The power of discrimination(PD) and power of exclusion(PEX) calculated for this locus is 0.9770(97.70%) and is 0.7068(70.67%), respectively. Thus, the allelic and genotypic data estimated for DXS52 locus can be used as the database of PCR-based DNA profile to human identity testing.

뇌혈관질환자의 가정간호 서비스 및 진료비 분석

김은경,황정해,신숙연 대한간호행정학회 2006 간호행정학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the services and cost of CVA patients in hospital-based home health care and compare the differences of home health care cost by hospital types. Methods: The subjects of this study were 5,756 home care patients with cerebrovascular disease. Data were collected by using home health care medical expense claims from 127 hospitals in 2004. Results: The home care service 'indewelling catheterization' was the highest(19.28%), and then 'nasogastric tube insertion and change(16.72%)', 'bladder irrigation(15.98)', 'wound management(simp1e dressing)(10.42%)' followed. Average home health care cost per visit was 39,943 won, and the highest 46,058 won in general hospitals and the lowest 33,922 won in tertiary hospitals, so there were statistically significant among the types of hospitals(F=1112.47, p<0.0001). Conclusions: The number of home health care patients has been rapidly growing with the increase of aged population and demand for home care services is rising. So, it could be urgent to develop a reasonable cost reimbursement system for home health services and to expend scopes of the roles of home care specialist nurses. Amid the demand of more detail understanding the present status of home care, our study can be contributed to provide fundamental information of home care in Korea.

韓國人에서 四種의 STRs 遺傳座位에 대한 遺傳的 多樣性

송은섭,황적준,남용석,한길로 大韓法醫學會 1997 대한법의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The four tetrameric STRs loci(MUMvWA31, HUMTHO1, HUMF13A1, HUMFES/FPS) were studied to confirm the allele frequency distribution and to see whether these results can be used for identity and paternity testing in a population of Koreans using multiplex PCR and laser-fluorescence detection method. In the Korean population (n=227), 8 alleles with their relative frequency range of 0.002-0.249 are detected in the HUMvWA31 locus, 6 alleles with those of 0.007-0.500 in the HUMTHO1 locus, 6 alleles with those of 0.002-0.487 in the HUMF13A1 locus, and 6 alleles with those of 0.004-0.434 in the HUMFES/FPS locus. The highest observed heterozygosity is found at the locus HUMvWA31(0.8077), with those of the loci HUMTHO1, Humf13A1, and HUMFES/FPS being 0.6581 0.6324 and 0.6804, respectively. All loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations: there are good agreements between observed and expected heterozygosity, number of observed genotypes. Pairwise comparisons between loci show allelic independence for all the 4 loci. The power of discrimination (PD) determined for the locus HUMvWA31 is 0.933, that for the HUMTHO1 is 0.836, 0.798 for HUMF13A1, and 0.844 for the HUMFES/FPS; the combined power of discrimination for the quadruplex is 0.9997. Thus, these allelic frequency distribution can be used to construct the database of the multiplex PCR-based DNA profile in the Korean population. The calculated parameter, "combined power of discrimination(PD)" show the informativeness of these loci for the determination of identity and relatedness of individuals.

Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in the Korean Population

이희석,황적준,박희경,이혜린,송은섭 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

한국인 100명을 대상으로 인체게놈에서 다형성이 가장 높다고 알려진 미토콘드리아 DNA(mtDNA)의 과변이 제1 및 제2부위를 중합효소반응으로 증폭한 후 염기서열을 결정하였고, 이들로부터 97개의 mtDNA형을 확인하였다. 이들 중 세 mtDNA형은 각각2명에서 관찰되었으며, 나머지 94개의 mtDNA형은 한 개체씩에서 관찰되었다. 이 염기서열들을 Anderson등(1981)이 보고한 참고서열과 비교하여 109개의 염기부위에서 변이를 관찰하였다. 이들 중 101 염기부위 (93.2%)는 이행, 9 염기부위(6.8%)는 전환형 치환이었다. 한국인 100명에서 관찰되는 각 mtDNA형의 빈도로부터 계산된 유전자 다양성 (gene diversity)은 0.99이고, 각 염기서열의 상호비교(pairwise comparison)로 구해진 평균 염기 다양성(nucleotide diversity)은 1.05이다. 한국인에게서 관찰되는 미토콘드리아 과변이 제1과 제2부위 연기서열의 분석으로 얻을 수 있는 개체의 식별력은 0.99이므로 이는 동일한 모계관계에 있지 않은 두 개체를 식별함에 매우 유용한 것으로 생각되었다.

Inoue Balloon을 이용한 PMV의 장·단기 결과 분석

진은선,이연아,전숙,김현숙,정승묵,박상선,최락경,임달수,홍석근,황흥곤 대한순환기학회 2003 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.33 No.11

말하기·읽기 능력 향상을 위한 효율적인 읽기 자료 개발

유정숙,Busbee, E.,김은실,이정숙,황규삼,노옥자 전주대학교 교육문제연구소 2000 敎育論叢 Vol.15 No.-

DIS80의 遺傳子型 決定을 위한 PCR法의 條件에 관한 硏究

鄭宰安,黃迪駿,李羲碩,宋垠燮 大韓法醫學會 1994 대한법의학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The polymerase chain reaction(PCR) is known to be a very sensitive method of nucleic acid synthesis by which a particular segment of deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) can be specifically amplified. However, as no single protocol will be appropriate to all situations, it requires to optimize the PCR conditions for a given application, especially analytical procedure to amplified fragment length polymorphism of VNTR region. Recently, typing of VNTR regions in the field of forensic science is almost done by PCR, but this reaction ofter results in a number of potential problems including generation of recombinant alleles during the extension phase. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the cause of PCR products of a abnormal length, and to set up the guideline for the reliable production of D1S80VNTR region in the human genome by studying several parameters that influence polymerase chain reaction. In the study of D1S80 VNTR region to be amplified, the following PCR conditions are optimal in the 50㎕ of reaction volume and under the temperature conditions of 95℃ for 1 minute, 65℃ for 2 minutes and 72℃ for 2 minutes. 1. The adequate concentration of MgCl₂ is within the range of 1.0 to 2.0 mM. 2. The high activities of Taq polymerase show about 0.5 to 1.5 units without generation of the undesired products. 3. The adequate amount of template DNA is about 30 to 50ng, although the template DNA can be amplified with the minimum of 40pg. 4. With the 50ng of template DNA, the adequate numbers of PCR cycle range 25 to 27 cycles. 5. Artifact production by PCR is minimal within the range of 0.2 to 0.3μM of each primer concentration. With the above conditions, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AMP FLP) obtained by polymerase chain reaction from the genomic DNAs of 4 Korean families (one family with 8 offsprings and both parents, 3 families composed of each one child and both parents) were analyzed to test the applicability of this technique to paternity testing. The results obtained present reliable parent child relationships based on the correct genotypes of D1S80, without any undesired PCR products of abnormal length that are postulated as heteroduplex resulting from cross annealing or hybridization between the amplified target DNA.