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Hwang, I. J.,Shin, K. R.,Lee, J. S.,Ko, Y. G.,Shin, D. H. The Japan Institute of Metals 2012 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.53 No.3
<P>The formation of black ceramic layer produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating has been investigated as a function of coating time. A series of PEO coatings was carried out on aluminum alloy sample in a phosphate electrolyte containing sodium tungstate (Na<SUB>2</SUB>WO<SUB>4</SUB>) with four different coating times, i.e., 20, 100, 200 and 300 s. As the coating time increased, the amount of tungsten element in the ceramic layer increased, resulting in the black ceramic layer. This phenomenon was discussed based on the electrochemical reaction assisted by micro sparks to form WO<SUB>3</SUB> compounds in the ceramic oxide layer.</P>
Constant Output Control of Solar Power Generation System by the Digital I-PD Controller
Sin, D.R.,Hwang, Y.M.,Noh, I.B.,Woo, J.I. 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1
본 논문에서는 독립형 태양광 발전 시스템에서 PWM기법에 의한 DC_-DC 컨버터의 듀티비를 조절하고 순시가변입력으로부터 일정 DC 출력을 얻기 위하여 디지털 I_-PD제어기를 제안한다. 이 제안된 제어기는 입력 전압의 변화에 부합하는 순시정정루프에 의한 샘플링 주기마다 안정한 일정 출력을 얻을 수 있다. 이 시스템은 오차의 급변치를 검출하기 위하여 디지털 비례선형 I_-PD 계어기로 구성되어 있다.
Subnormal and quasinormal Toeplitz operators with matrix-valued rational symbols
Curto, R.E.,Hwang, I.S.,Kang, D.O.,Lee, W.Y. Academic Press ; Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2014 Advances in mathematics Vol.255 No.-
In this paper we deal with the subnormality and the quasinormality of Toeplitz operators with matrix-valued rational symbols. In particular, in view of Halmos's Problem 5, we focus on the question: Which subnormal Toeplitz operators are normal or analytic? We first prove: Let Φ@?L<SUB>M'n</SUB><SUP>~</SUP> be a matrix-valued rational function having a ''matrix pole'', i.e., there exists α@?D for which kerH<SUB>Φ</SUB>@?(z-α)H<SUB>C^n</SUB><SUP>2</SUP>, where H<SUB>Φ</SUB> denotes the Hankel operator with symbol Φ. If(i)T<SUB>Φ</SUB> is hyponormal; (ii)ker[T<SUB>Φ</SUB><SUP>@?</SUP>,T<SUB>Φ</SUB>] is invariant for T<SUB>Φ</SUB>, then T<SUB>Φ</SUB> is normal. Hence in particular, if T<SUB>Φ</SUB> is subnormal then T<SUB>Φ</SUB> is normal. Next, we show that every pure quasinormal Toeplitz operator with a matrix-valued rational symbol is unitarily equivalent to an analytic Toeplitz operator.
Hong, S. I.,Kim, M. J.,You, I. J.,Kwon, S. H.,Ma, S. X.,Hwang, J. Y.,Seo, J. Y.,Ko, Y. H.,Lee, B. R.,Lee, S. Y. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Psychophamacology Vol.233 No.8
<P>Phentermine is structurally similar to methamphetamine and is widely used as an anti-obesity drug in the USA and many other countries. The potential for reward of phentermine has been noted; however, the mechanisms of phentermine dependence have not been established. Here, we investigated the rewarding and dopaminergic behavioral responses to phentermine in mice and found that phentermine produced conditioned rewarding effects through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The impact of phentermine was assessed using conditioned place preference (CPP) test, climbing behavior test, and western blot analysis. Phentermine 1 and 3 mg/kg (i.p.) significantly increased CPP. Phentermine, a known dopamine releaser, boosted apomorphine-induced climbing behavior in mice, and methamphetamine (i.p.) also increased apomorphine-induced dopaminergic behavior. Phentermine and methamphetamine increased the level of expression of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and phospho-Akt proteins to a similar degree in the NAc of CPP mice. To determine whether the conditioned rewarding effects of phentermine were mediated through the PI3K/Akt pathway, we assessed the effects of the Akt inhibitor LY294002 on phentermine-induced place preference and climbing behavior. LY294002 (1 and 3 mu g/site, i.c.v.) reduced phentermine-induced CPP and phentermine-increased climbing behavior. However, LY294002 did not change CPP and climbing behavior itself and also did not decrease apomorphine-induced climbing behavior in mice. Further, LY294002 decreased the phentermine-increased levels of DAT protein and phosphorylation of Akt in the NAc of CPP mice. Thus, these findings suggest that phentermine induces conditioned rewarding effects via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the NAc.</P>
OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First<i>Spitzer</i>Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary
Ryu, Y.-H.,Yee, J. C.,Udalski, A.,Bond, I. A.,Shvartzvald, Y.,Zang, W.,Jaimes, R. Figuera,Jørgensen, U. G.,Zhu, W.,Huang, C. X.,Jung, Y. K.,Albrow, M. D.,Chung, S.-J.,Gould, A.,Han, C.,Hwang, K.-H.,Sh American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astronomical journal Vol.155 No.1
<P>We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzer microlensing planet in the Galactic bulge/ bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source-lens baseline object. The planet's mass, M-p = 13.4 +/- 0.9 M-J, places it right at the deuteriumburning limit, i. e., the conventional boundary between 'planets' and 'brown dwarfs.' Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really ' planets' (formed within the disks of their hosts) or 'failed stars' (lowmass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf, M-host = 0.89. +/- 0.07 M-circle dot, and the planet has a semimajor axis a similar to 2.0 au. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth-Spitzer observations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultradense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over < 1% of an orbital period.</P>
가상 건설환경에서의 딥러닝 기반 폐색영역 검출을 위한 데이터 베이스 구축
김경수(K. S. Kim),이재인(J. I. Lee),곽석우(S. W. Gwak),강원률(W.R. Kang),신대영(D.Y. Shin),황성호(S. H. Hwang) 유공압건설기계학회 2021 유공압건설기계학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
In this paper, a method for constructing and verifying datasets used in deep learning technology is proposed to prevent safety accidents in the construction environment. The virtual construction simulator was developed to implement various construction environments, and custom data in the virtual environment was set to diversify the location and parameters of the sensors. A database for real-time deep learning models was built and detected at the pixel level to detect uneven roads and objects in the construction site. When deep learning-based detection is performed, it may interfere with the accurate judgment due to occlusion areas hidden by other objects. Therefore, the database for developing the occlusion area detection algorithm in virtual environments was constructed and verified.
Approximating bone ECM: Crosslinking directs individual and coupled osteoblast/osteoclast behavior
Hwang, M.P.,Subbiah, R.,Kim, I.G.,Lee, K.E.,Park, J.,Kim, S.H.,Park, K. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Biomaterials Vol.103 No.-
<P>Osteoblast and osteoclast communication (i.e. osteocoupling) is an intricate process, in which the biophysical profile of bone ECM is an aggregate product of their activities. While the effect of microenvironmental cues on osteoblast and osteoclast maturation has been resolved into individual variables (e.g. stiffness or topography), a single cue can be limited with regards to reflecting the full biophysical scope of natural bone ECM. Additionally, the natural modulation of bone ECM, which involves collagenous fibril and elastin crosslinking via lysyl oxidase, has yet to be reflected in current synthetic platforms. Here, we move beyond traditional substrates and use cell-derived ECM to examine individual and coupled osteoblast and osteoclast behavior on a physiological platform. Specifically, preosteoblast-derived ECM is crosslinked with genipin, a biocompatible crosslinker, to emulate physiological lysyl oxidase-mediated ECM crosslinking. We demonstrate that different concentrations of genipin yield changes to ECM density, stiffness, and roughness while retaining biocompatibility. By approximating various bone ECM profiles, we examine how individual and coupled osteoblast and osteoclast behavior are affected. Ultimately, we demonstrate an increase in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation on compact and loose ECM, respectively, and identify ECM crosslinking density as an underlying force in osteocoupling behavior. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Beck, B.R.,Kim, D.,Jeon, J.,Lee, S.M.,Kim, H.K.,Kim, O.J.,Lee, J.I.,Suh, B.S.,Do, H.K.,Lee, K.H.,Holzapfel, W.H.,Hwang, J.Y.,Kwon, M.G.,Song, S.K. Academic Press 2015 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.42 No.1
<P>The effects of a dietary probiotic mixture containing Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis BFE920 isolated from bean sprout and autochthonous Lactobacillus (Lb.) plantarum FGL0001 originally isolated from the hindgut of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were investigated for the purpose of improving the probiotic effects of Lc. lactis BFE920 on the olive flounder. The immunostimulatory, disease protective, and weight gain effects of Lc. lactis BFE920 were significantly improved when olive flounder (average weight 37.5 +/- 1.26 g) were fed the probiotic mixture (log(10) 7.0 CFU each/g feed pellet) for 30 days. Flounder fed the mixture showed improved skin mucus lysozyme activity and phagocytic activity of innate immune cells compared to flounder fed a single probiotic agent or a control diet. While the levels of neutrophil activity in flounder fed the single probiotic agent or the mixture were similar, they were significantly higher than levels in a control group. Additionally, probiotic-fed flounder showed significantly increased expressions of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha in the intestine compared to the control group. Following a 30-day period of being fed probiotics or a control diet, the olive flounder were challenged with an i.p. injection of Streptococcus iniae (log(10) 6.0 CFU/fish). The groups fed the mixed probiotics, Lc. lactis BFE920, Lb. plantarum FGL0001, and the control diet had survival rates of 55%, 45%, 35%, and 20%, respectively. Flounder fed the probiotic mixture gained 38.1 +/- 2.8% more body weight compared to flounder fed the control diet during the 30-day study period. These data strongly suggest that a mixture of Lc. lactis BFE920 and Lb. plantarum FGL0001 may serve as an immunostimulating feed additive useful for disease protection in the fish farming industry. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>