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하수슬러지의 전처리 방법에 따른 줄지렁이(Eisenia fetida savigny)의 섭식효율 및 생장
박광일,배윤환,Park, Kwang-ll,Bae, Yoon-Hwan 유기성자원학회 2003 유기물자원화 Vol.11 No.4
갓 발생한 하수슬러지를 전처리 없이 줄지렁이에게 급이할 경우 하수슬러지 발생지역과 무관하게 슬러지 급이 32일~45일 경과후 지렁이 개체군의 치사현상이 일어났다. 하수슬러지내 중금속, 고분자 유기응집제(폴리아크릴 아마이드) 또는 미생물 생체가 직접적인 독성 물질로 작용하지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 하수슬러지를 수분률 65%가 되도록 제지슬러지와 혼합하여 21일 이상 부숙시킨 먹이에서는 지렁이 개체군에 대한 생태독성 현상이 유발되지 않았으며 하수슬러지에 인분케익을 혼합하여 부숙시킨 먹이를 공급한 경우보다 지렁이의 폐기물 처리속도와 지렁이 생체량 증가율이 높았다. The effects of several factors such as heavy metals, living microorganims, high molecular conglomerator in sewage sludge were analysed. And the effects of the sewage sludges which were mixed with other organic waste such as paper mill sludge or night soil sludge upon the feeding rate and biomass of earthworm population were also estimated. The earthworm populations could not survive when newly produced sewage sludges were fed without any pretreatment. The contents of heavy metals were under the levels that could inhibit earthworm's growth. The living microorganisms and the high molecular conglomerator in the sewage sludge had no relations with ecotoxicological effects of sewage sludge upon the earthworm population. Sewage sludge which had been mixed with paper mill sludge and aged for more than 21 days showed no ecotoxicological effects on tiger worm(Eisenia fetida) population. And the feeding rate of earthworm population and the turnover rate of earthworm biomass were higher in those sewage sludges than in the sewage sludges pretreated by other ways.
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내분비교란물질인 Nonylphenol과 DEHP(Di-(2ethylhexyl)phatalate)가 줄지렁이(Eisenia fetida)의 산란 및 부화에 미치는 영향
박광일,배윤환 유기성자원학회 2012 유기물자원화 Vol.20 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of endocrine interupter, Nonylphenol and DEHP on the cocoon production, the hatchability of cocoon and the number of offsprings per cocoon of Eisenia fetida. And the cocentrations of Nonylphenol and DEHP of sewage sludges in Pocheon city (Northeastern area of South Korea) were also investigated. Nonylphenol below the concentration of 100 mg kg-1 did not reduce the cocoon production, the hatchability of cocoon and the number of offsprings per cocoon. DEHP above the concentration of 1,500 mg kg-1 reduced the cocoon production, and DEHP over the concentration of 2,500 mg kg-1 could reduce the hatchability. There was no Nonylphenol in sewage sludge of Pocheon city, but maximum concentration of DEHP was 1,640mg kg-1, which could make the population of Eisenia fetida extinct gradually if sewage sludge of Pocheon was supplied to Eisenia fetida for a long time. 내분비 교란물질로 알려진 Nonylphenol과 DEHP가 줄지렁이의 산란수, 부화율, 난포당 부화개체수에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 포천시 소재 하수처리장에서 발생한 하수슬러지내에 포함된 두 물질의 농도를 조사하였다. Nonylphenol 농도 100 mg kg-1이하인 먹이에서는 Nonylphenol이 줄지렁이의 산란수, 부화율, 난포당 부화개체수의 감소를 유발하지 않았다. DEHP 농도 1,500 mg kg-1 이상인 먹이에서는 DEHP가 줄지렁이의 산란수를 감소시켰으며, 농도 2,500 mg kg-1 이상에서는 DEHP가 난포의 부화율을 감소시켰다. 포천지역 하수처리장에서 발생되는 하수슬러지에서 Nonylphenol은 검출되지 않았으나, DEHP는 최대 1,640mg kg-1 이 검출되어 하수슬러지를 줄지렁이에게 급이 할 경우 DEHP에 의한 줄지렁이 개체군 소멸 현상이 유발될 가능성을 시사하였다.
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박광일,Park, Kwang-Il 한국생명보험의학회 2011 保險醫學會誌 Vol.30 No.2
Background: The beneficial effects of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in primary and secondary prevention patients are well established. However, data on potential differences between both groups in mortality are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess extra risk differences between primary and secondary prevention ICD recipients. Methods: Comparative mortality figures were calculated from a source article using mortality analysis methods. Results: Mortality ratio (MR) of primary and secondary prevention ICD recipients were 393% and 373%. Excess death rates (EDR) of both groups were 42 and 38 per 1,000. Discussion: MR and EDR were higher in primary prevention group. But, there was no significant difference.
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Alum과 Ferric chloride가 줄지렁이 개체군에 미치는 생태독성학적 영향
박광일,배윤환 유기성자원학회 2012 유기물자원화 Vol.20 No.1
This study was carried out to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of Alum and Ferric chloride on the population of Eisenia fetida in vermicomposting of sewage sludge. Using contact filter toxicity test, it was shown that LC50 of Alum and Ferric chloride on adult Eisenia fetida were 457.4 mg kg-1 and 1,665.2 mg kg-1, respectively,which meant Ferric chloride had much higher acute toxicity on earthworm than Alum. Alum didn't affect on cocoon production, hatchability and number of hatched larvae of Eisenia fetida. Ferric chloride didn't have any efects on number of hatched larvae per cocoon, but reduced cocoon production and hatchability. Larval density of next generation was reduced by the food containing Alum and Ferric chloride. Above results indicated that the Alum and Ferric chloride could be one of the hazardous materials that made extinction of earthworm population when the sewage sludge treated with Alum and Ferric chloride was supplied to the earthworms. 하수처리시 사용하는 무기 응집제인 알럼과 철염이 지렁이 개체군에 미치는 생태독성학적인 영향을 평가하였다. 여지접촉법에 의한 급성독성 평가에서 Alum과 Ferric chloride의 줄지렁이에 대한 반수치 사농도(LC50)는 각각 457.4 mg kg-1, 1,665.2 mg kg-1로 Alum의 독성이 Ferric chloride보다 강한 것으로 나타났다. Alum은 줄지렁이 산란수, 부화율, 난포당 부화개체수에 영향을 미치지 않았다. Ferric chloride의 경우 난포당 부화개체수에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나 산란수와 부화율을 감소시켰다. Alum 또는 Ferric chloride를 첨가한 먹이를 공급한 줄지렁이는 차세대 발육 유충수가 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 무기응집제인 Alum과 Ferric chloride가 함유된 슬러지를 지렁이에게 급이할 경우 이것들이 줄지렁이 개체군 사멸현상을 유발하는 원인물질중 하나일 가능성을 시사하였다.
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박광일,Park, Kwang-Il 한국생명보험의학회 2010 保險醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.1
The measurement of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in screening for prostate cancer is recently performed as a routine check-up in clinical medicine and insurance medicine. Several factors may affect serum PSA levels. As prostate size increases with increasing age, the PSA concentration also rises. Increasing body mass index (BMI) is associated with a lower mean PSA concentration. Inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase such as finasteride and dutasteride produce a 50 percent or greater decrease in serum PSA during the first three months of therapy, which persists as long as the drug is continued. Men who are regularly taking non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen have lower PSA levels. Emerging concepts regarding PSA testing that may help refine the interpretation of an elevated concentration include: PSA density, PSA velocity, and Free versus complexed or bound PSA. With many insurance companies, PSA level has become part of a standard battery of blood tests, along with HIV, cholesterol, liver enzymes, and other predictors of premature death. But, there is no clear proof of benefit, so we have to monitor the value of PSA test as a prostate cancer screening test in insurance medicine.
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