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Understanding Taiwanese Adolescents’ English Learning Selves through Parental Expectations
Hung–Tzu Huang 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.2
This paper explores the interplay of Taiwanese adolescent English learners’ motivational selves and their parents’ expectations, with a special focus the identified perceptions of both teenage leaners and their parents towards English learning as a duty and obligation. Using the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS, Dörnyei, 2009), the qualitative study foregrounds the cultural and relational aspects of the self system in understanding language learning motivation. Results from semi-structured interviews suggest that parental expectations of children’s English learning exhibit a duality characterized by the hope that their children will become successful members of the globalized world and a belief that English learning is a basic responsibility for their children. Adolescent language learners’ and their parents’ actual selves, including their identification with societal roles and social obligations, mediate between parents’ investments in their children’s English education and teenage learners’ perceived obligations to meet parental expectations. The paper concludes by suggesting further research on parental expectations and the development of global selves, and on the synergized effect of language learners’ actual selves and future self-guides in motivating language learning.
조흥근 ( Hung Kuhn Cho ) 21세기영어영문학회 2004 영어영문학21 Vol.17 No.2
Life and Art in “The Author of Beltraffio” Cho, Hung-Kuhn(Sunchon National University) An attempt is made in this paper to analyse Henry James's critique of aestheticism in “The Author of Beltraffio”(1884) in relation to his “The Art of Fiction”(1884) published two months later in the same year. Both works have been misunderstood by some critics as the writings supporting the theory of aestheticism. But James had a determined attitude against aestheticism almost throughout his life. Although James was influenced in his search for form and style by his contemporary French realists as is shown in “The Art of Fiction” and “The Author of Beltraffio,” he criticised them for their lack of serious interest in life itself. Of course it cannot be denied that James shows in these writings a certain extent of sympathy with their arduous endeavours to achieve the art of novel, but his sympathy is at an end at this very point. Mark Ambient in “The Author of Beltraffio” has been misunderstood by many critics as an aesthete, but he is evidenced as a genuine Jamesian artist in this paper. An obsessive aestheticism can be found in the narrator of this work because art precedes life in his ‘art for art' point of view. He shows almost always a Wildean attitude to life and art that can be expressed as a sentence “Life imitates art.” His cold aesthetic stance unintentionally causes the horrible death of an innocent child Dolcino. His cold world of aestheticism lacks genuine feelings and sympathy for other people, and thus destroys life itself. This is the core of the Jamesian critique of aestheticism in his writings on French realists.
조흥국 漢陽大學校 民族學硏究所 1993 民族과文化 Vol.1 No.-
이 논문은 17세기 후반 남중국해에서의 태국의 중국 및 일본과의 무역관계를 그 주제로 삼는다. 여기서 17세기 후반을 연구대상으로 둔 것은 이 시기의 3국 무역관계에 대해 여러 일차문헌들, 특히 유럽문헌들로부터의 정보가 있기 때문이다. 그러나 17세기 후반의 태국의 대 중국·일본 무역형태는 다른 시대들에도 적용될 수 있는 것으로서 위치 연구를 통해 3국간의 무역에 관한 일반적인 모습이 획득될 수 있다고 여겨진다. 17세기 태국·중국·일본간의 무역관계는 종종 3각무역(三角貿易)이란 개념으로 이해된다. 즉, 한 태국상선이 중국으로의 항해 중 일본을 방문하거나, 일본을 목적지로 삼은 배가 우선 한 중국의 항구에 들려 무역을 했다. 혹은 거꾸로, 한 중국 항구를 출발한 정크선이 나가사끼를 거쳐 당시 태국의 수도인 아유타야(Ayutthaya)로 갔거나, 혹은 아유타야를 경유하여 나가사끼로 항해하기도 했다. 위의 3국간의 무역관계는 본 논문에서 주로 태국의, 특히 태국정부의 입장에서 고찰된다. 그 이유는 중국측의 경우 그 정부차원의 대 태국 및 일본 무역에 대한 관심이 분명히 파악되지 않으며, 일본의 경우는 심지어 당시 대 중국 및 태국 무역을 자체적으로 행하지 않았고 태국의 대 일본무역을 오직 비공식적으로 허락하고 있었기 때문이다. 그 반면, 위의 3각무역에서 타이정부가 대 중국·일본 무역을 얼마나 중시하고 열성적으로 추진했던가가 뚜렷이 나타난다. 본 논문은 두 부분으로 나뉘어, 해국의 중국 및 일본과의 무역관계가 독립적으로 논의된다. 이러한 개별적인 연구를 통해 당시 타이정부가 이들 두 동아시아 국가들과의 무역에 대해 갖고 있던 자세를 더욱 분명하게 이해할 수 있다고 여겨진다.
소흥렬 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1994 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.64 No.1
Truth in religion is to be accepted by faith. Acceptance of truth by faith is almost a requirement. It is a forced option. But this kind of truth by faith raises some philosophical problems. Philosophy may ask about the nature of truth in religion. It may also ask about the epistemic nature of belief that is the foundation of religious commitment. Religion by itself does not raise epistemic questions regarding the faith. The question of belief in religion is not like the epistemic question raised in philosophy. Religious faith is required for the salvation of soul. Salvation is the objective. Faith is the initial condition. You believe in order to know the truth, the knowing the truth will lead you to salvation, that is the freedom of your soul. This is a kind of consequentialism, a sort of pragmatism. Philosophy, however, cannot settle with this kind of pragmatic truth. Whereas religion asks us to accept by faith its ontological presupposition, philosophy raises ontological issues regarding the very presuppositions. The ontological issue that seems important for us to raise with regard to the dominant religious of our society and history is the problem of historicism and naturalism, Buddhism and Taoism, as well as Confucianism, are naturalistic, while Christianity represents transcendentalism and historicism. Naturalism of course is a type of immanentism. And naturalism of Buddhism and Taoism is understood to be ahistorical, that is to say, without an idea of history. Philosophically speaking, that is a problem situation. It is a state of ontological conflict or contradiction which demands a philosophical endeavor for a synthesis of the contradictories or contraries. It is not an attempt to unify the religions, which is an impossible task because of the different cultural settings that those religions carry with them. But the ontological presuppositions of these religions could be reexamined and synthesized, if possible. And such an ontological synthesis is important for the cultural identity of our time and society, and for the role of religion to enhance this cultural objective.
돼지의 離乳後 形質에 미치는 品種性 및 環境要因의 效果
鄭興又,朴英一,徐康錫 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1989 서울대농학연구지 Vol.14 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of breed, sex, year of birth, month of birth, litter size and parity of sow on certain postweaning traits in swine. The data for this study were obtained from 5,386 heads of Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire boars and gilts tested at a swine breeding farm in Icheon, Kyunggi-Do from August, 1982 to August, 1987. The results obtained in this study are as follow: 1. The least-squares overall means of the traits studied were 0.777±0.002㎏ for average daily gain, 158.7±0.28 days for age at 90㎏, 1.833±0.008㎝ for backfat thickness, 112.2±0.13㎝ for body length and 63.7±0.05㎝ for wither's height, respectively. 2. Among the three breeds compared, the Duroc had the highest average daily gain and reached 90㎏ at an earliest age. The Landrace had the thinnest backfat and longest body length. In wither's height the Duroc was the highest. 3. Males had higher average daily gain, reached 90㎏ at an earlier, age, had thinner backfat, longer body length and higher wither's height than females. 4. Year of birth and month of birth had significant effects on all of the postweaning traits studied. The pigs born in June, July and August had comparatively higher average daily gain and earlier age at 90㎏ than those born in other months. The pigs born in October had the thinnest backfat. 5. the effect of litter size was significant for age at 90㎏ and backfat thickness, but was not significant for average daily gain, body length and wither's hight. The pigs in litter sizes of 5 to 7 reached 90㎏ at an earliest age, and those in litter size of 12 or more reached 90㎏ at a latest age. Backfat was thinnest in the litter size of 4 or less and was thickest in the litter size of 12 or more. 6. The pigs in 2nd 3rd parities had the highest average daily gain and reached 90㎏ at an earliest age, and those in 5th parity was the most inferior in the two traits. Backfat was thinnest in the 1st parity and was thickest in the 5th parity.
Card機에서의 hook纖維의 形成과 실의 品質에 미치는 影響
柳興根 건국대학교 1979 學術誌 Vol.23 No.2
In order to investigate formation of fiber hook ends at the carding process, CRC and Tandem Card were compared with conventional card. In this study we applied Tracer Fiber Technique in which 2% fluoresscent dyestuff dyed cotton fibers were mixed in laps befor card processing. Results abtained from the study are following: (1)The ratio of trailing and leading hook formation was almost same in CRC, Tandem and conventional card. In CRC and Tandem Card there were less leading hook formation Compared with conventional card machine. Generally, Number of trailing hooks were predominent over in all hooks. (2)The mechanism and type of card are not influential factor on the ratio of trailing and leading hook formation. (3)Most hooked ends were formed when fibers are leaded from cylinder to doffer, the last carding part of the machine. (4)The number of carding and stripping action would not influense on the tendency of hook formation. (5)It was abserved that more even and fine yarn was obtained when slivers were processed three passage in drawing process, so that majority of hooks are in state of trailing at ring spinning process.
趙興胤 漢陽大學校 民族學硏究 2001 民族과文化 Vol.10 No.-
북한사회가 앞으로 어떻게 변화할지 현재로선 예측하기 곤란하다. 그러나 국제정치의 상황이 급변해가고 종래의 사회주의적 체제로는 한계를 보이고 있어 북한사회의 변화는 불가피한 것으로 분석되고 있다. 사회 전반을 누르고 있는 저들의 명분론적 사회주의 이념이 걷어치워지면 사회의 기층과 주변에서 위축과 변모 속에 살아있는, 한민족 전통신앙으로서의 샤머니즘이 사회의 표면으로 싹을 틔우며 올라 올 것은 자명하다. 북한사회의 집체적 대규모 축전이 내게는 거대한 굿판이자 고조선 이래 하느님굿 전통의 계승으로 보이거니와, 그것이 한민족의 신명나는 축제 마당으로 되살아나기를 기원해본다. 끝으로 한국 샤머니즘의 메카라 할 개성 덕물산 최영 장군의 사당이 여러 면으로 수소문한 바 아직 보존되고 있음을 언급해둔다. 물론 어떤 류의 의례도 거기서 거행되지는 않는다 한다. 북한 당국은 민요·전설 등 구비전승 자료를 정책상 단절·개조하기 전 모두 채록해두었다는 정보를 관련 학자를 통하여 얻은 바 있다. 북한 샤머니즘의 신가가 그렇게라도 남아 있어 훗날 연구·복원 자료로 쓰였으면 하는 바램이 간절하다.