비육중인 HOLSTEIN 수소에 있어서 저질 조사료의 에너지 이용성에 관한 연구

한인규,김홍대,하종규,김완영,Yanglian, Feng 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

본 연구는 저질 조사료의 에너지 가치 및 이용성을 평가하기 위해서 평균체중이 400㎏인 비육중인 Holstein 수소 4두를 공시하여 수행하였다. 공시동물은 각각 호흡대사실에서 4가지 사료를 4×4 Latin square 방법으로 공급받았다. 대조구는 농후사료(50%)와 Chinese wildrye hay(50%) 사료를 사용하였으며, 처리구는 저질 조사료구로서 무처리 볏짚(100%). 요소처리 볏짚(100%) 및 Chinese wildrye 건초(100%) 등 3가지 사료를 이용하였다. 처리구간의 에너지소화율에 있어서는 유의적 차이가 나타나지 알았지만, 대조구는 처리구에 비하여 에너지소화율이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). Chinese wildrye 건초만을 에너지 섭취수준을 달리하여 급여한 결과, 에너지섭취가 증가할수록 에너지소화율은 감소하였다. 또한 같은 시험에서, 조사료 입자가 감소할수록 에너지소화율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 메탄과 뇨를 통한 에너지 손실에 있어서 처리구 및 대조구간에 차이는 없었지만, 사료중의 NDF가 증가할수록 메탄생성이 증가하였다. 요소처리 볏짚과 Chinese wildrye 건초 처리구간에 K_m과 K_f 모두 비슷하였으며, 대조구의 K_f가 가장 높게 나타났다. 단백질과 지방의 체내축적은 대조구, Chinese wildrye 건초구, 요소처리 볏짚구 및 무처리 볏짚구 순으로 높았다(P<0.05). 본 연구 결과는 화학처리 볏짚이 에너지소화율과 이용성에 면에서 무처리 볏짚보다 우수하게 나타났으며, 특히 값비싼 Chinese wildrye 건초를 에너지 이용성 면에서 값싼 화학처리 볏짚으로 대체할 수 있는 가능성을 보였다. Four steers weighing average of around 400㎏ were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to study energy values of low quality roughages. The energy digestibilities of rice straw, treated rice straw, and Chinese wildrye hay were not significantly different. However, the digestibility of control diet (concentrate + Chinese wildrye hay) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of low-quality roughages. The energy digestibility of rice straw was not improved due to the treatment of urea-Ca(OH)₂. The result showed N digestibility tended to be higher in the steer fed treated rice straw. When effects of particle sizes of low quality roughage, Chinese wildrye hay, on energy digestibility were determined, there were no significant differences in GE intakes among the treatments of four particle sizes of the hay. Results also showed that energy digestibility tended to slightly increase as the particle size reduced. Methane production in relation to DE was the highest in the treatment of untreated rice straw, and the lowest with control diet. However, there were no significant differences among four feeding treatments. Urine excretion showed similar trends with methane production. Total energy loss via methane and urine against DE were 12.26, 22.93, 16.35, and 14.88 % in control diet, untreated rice straw, treated rice straw, and Chinese wildrye hay, respectively. The efficiency of utilization of DE was not significantly different among the treatments, but untreated rice straw showed the lowest efficiency. The results also showed that K_m, among untreated rice straw, treated rice straw, and wildrye hay were similar. These data also showed that both the K_m, and K_f from treated rice straw and Chinese wildrye hay were remarkably similar. This similarity clearly showed that treated rice straw had no effect on the efficiency of ME utilization for either K_m and K_f in fattening steers. The K_f of control diet was the highest among the treatment. With regard to body deposition of protein and fat, the results showed the higher values in the order of control diet, Chinese wildrye hay, treated rice straw, and rice straw. Based on these observations, this study regarding energy utilization clearly shows that a portion of expensive forages in the diet could be replaced with low-quality roughages such as treated rice straw.

산란계 개량에 관한 연구 1 . 순계의 생산능력 비교시험

상병찬,강만석,김동곤,한성욱 ( B . C . Sang,M . S . Kang,D . K . Kim,S . W . Han ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.5

This experiment was carried out to test performance of the domentic purebred fowl. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the productive performance of the purebred fowl to obtained basic materials for laying performance improvement by means of cross breeding. In this study, 1, 200 chickens was used-that is 6 purebred strains White Leghorns(720 chickens), 1 purebred strain Rhode Island Reds (120 chickens), 1 purebred strain New Hampshires (120 chickens). The results obtained in this study are as follows; 1. The average Viability of brooding, rearing and laying period was best for Rhode Island Reds and E. Strain among White Leghorns. 2. The average body weight at 8 weeks, first egg production days, 500days of age in W. L. was 546.86g. 1431.37g, 1738.34g, respectively, but there was no significant difference among. purebred strains of W. L. 3. The average Sexual maturity of 50% egg production was 170.58 days in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 189.94 days, 182.42days, respectively. There was significant difference at 1 % level among Strains. 4. The average hen-housed egg production was 214.16 eggs in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 214.22 eggs, 196.74 eggs, respectively. There was significant difference at 1% level among Strains, but the highest hen-housed egg production (231.84 eggs) was E. Strain among strains. 5. The average egg weight was 54. 48g in W. L, but R. I. R. and .S. N. H. were 56.12g, 54.90g, respectively, The highest egg weight (57.69g) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % Level among strains. 6. The average feed requirement was 3.01 in W. L. but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 3.23, 3.52, respectively the highest feed requirement (2.79) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % level among strains. 7. On the basis of the results of this study, the productive performance was best for C. D. E. strains among W. L. and R. I. R.

PCR - RFLP 기법을 이용해 젖소개량을 위한 유전적 표지로서 K- Casein 좌위의 유전자형 분석

정의룡(E . R . Chung),김우태(W . T . Kim),최석호(S . H . Choi),임태진(T . J . Rhim),한상기(S . K . Han) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Genotypes of K-casein(K-CN) locus as a genetic marker linked to quantitative trait loci affecting traits of economic importance in dairy cattle were determined by PCR-RFLP method. Genomic DNA was prepared from blood of Holstein cows. The PCR was used to amplify an 874 by region between nucleotides 10592 and 11466 from exon IV to intron IV of the bovine K-CN gene using sense primer(5`-GTGCTGAGTAGGTATCCTAG-3`) and antisense primer(5`GTAGAGTGCAACAACACTGG-3`). After amplification, PCR products were digested with four restriction enzymes, Hind III, Rsa I, Taq I, and Pst I, and the fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis for RFLP analysis of K-CN locus. In addition to screening for the known Hind III and Rsa I restriction site polymorphisms of K-CN locus, we have found additional RFLPs specific for the K-CN A and B alleles in Taca I and Pst I enzymes. The amplified DNA product digested with each restriction enzyme generated specific RFLP pattern that allowed precise identification of K-CN AA, BB or AB genotypes. The K-CN genotypes determined for cows by the PCR-RFLP method agreed completely with the phenotypes obtained from milk samples of the same individuals. Thus, PCR amplification and RFLP analysis was shown to be a rapid and sensitive method for the discrimination of K-CN genotypes directly at the DNA level in dairy cattle of any age or sex. Consequently, the PCR-RFLP method presented in this study can be used as a valuable tool for early selection of AI bulls and calves with desirable K-CN B gene or K-CN BB genotype affecting superior milk production traits for genetic improvement of Holstein dairy cattle.

Probiotic properties of Weissella strains isolated from human faeces

Lee, K.W.,Park, J.Y.,Jeong, H.R.,Heo, H.J.,Han, N.S.,Kim, J.H. Academic Press 2012 Anaerobe Vol.18 No.1

Three Weissella confusa and five Weissella cibaria strains were previously isolated from human faeces and their potential as probiotics was examined in this work. Resistance to low pHs (pH 2.0 and 3.0) and 0.3% bile salt were examined. Enzyme activities, susceptibilities to heat treatment and various antibiotics, and adhesion capacities to Caco-2 cells were also examined. All Weissella strains were killed when exposed to pH 2.0 for 2 h but survived at pH 3.0 with different survival ratios. W. confusa 31 survived best (20.2%) and W. confusa 31 was also quite resistant against 0.3% bile salt (128.8%). All strains except one grew well at temperature between 15 and 45 <SUP>o</SUP>C and all strains grew in the presence of 6.5% NaCl. W. confusa 20 showed the highest β-galactosidase activity (527.3 +/- 23.66 unit/mg protein) and W. cibaria 31 had the highest β-glucosidase activity (115.12 +/- 5.3 unit/mg protein) in MRS broth. All strains adhered to Caco-2 cells better than Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and W. confusa 20 was the best adhesive strain (85 CFU/cell). These results show that some strains such as W. confusa 31 and W. confusa 20 are fully qualified as probiotics and deserve further application studies.

Proposed mechanism in the change of cellular composition in the outer medullary collecting duct during potassium homeostasis.

Park, E-Y,Kim, W-Y,Kim, Y-M,Lee, J-H,Han, K-H,Weiner, I D,Kim, J Gutenberg 2012 HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY Vol.27 No.12

<P>Potassium depletion (K?-D) induces hypertrophy and hyperplasia of collecting duct cells, and potassium repletion (K?-R) induces regression of these changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the time courses of the changes in cellular composition, the origin of intercalated cells (ICs) and the mechanism responsible for these changes. SD rats received K?-depleted diets for 1, 7, or 14 days. After K?-D for 14 days some of the rats received normal diets for 1, 3, 5, or 7 days. In the inner stripe of the outer medulla, K?-D increased significantly the number and proportion of H?-ATPase-positive ICs, but decreased the proportion of H?-ATPase-negative principal cells (PCs). However, proliferation was limited to H?-ATPase-negative PCs. During K?-R, the cellular composition was recovered to control level. Apoptosis increased during K?-R and exclusively limited in H?-ATPase-negative PCs. Double immunolabeling with antibodies to PC and IC markers identified both cells negative or positive for all markers during both K?-D and K?-R. Electron microscopic observation showed that ultrastructure of AE1-positive some cells were similar to AE1-negative some cells during K?-R. LC3 protein expression increased significantly and autophagic vacuoles appeared particularly in PCs on days 14 of K?-D and in ICs on days 3 of K?-R. These results suggest that PCs and ICs may interconvert in response to changes in dietary K+ availability and that autophagic pathways may be involved in the interconversion.</P>

Isolation and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i> K23-2 isolated from Kimchi

Shin, M.S.,Han, S.K.,Ryu, J.S.,Kim, K.S.,Lee, W.K. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of Applied Microbiology Vol.105 No.2

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims: </P><P>Screening and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by <I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 isolated from Kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented vegetable.</P><P>Methods and Results: </P><P>A total of 1000 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from various Kimchi samples and screened for the production of bacteriocin. Pediocin K23-2, a bacteriocin produced by the <I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 strain, showed strong inhibitory activity against <I>Listeria monocytogenes</I>. The bacteriocin activity remained unchanged after 15 min of heat treatment at 121°C or exposure to organic solvents; however, it diminished after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. The bacteriocin was maximally produced at 37°C, when the pH of the culture broth was maintained at 5·0 during the fermentation, although the optimum pH for growth was 7·0. The molecular weight of the bacteriocin was about 5 kDa according to a tricine SDS-PAGE analysis.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P><I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> K23-2 isolated from Kimchi produces a bacteriocin, which shares similar characteristics to the Class IIa bacteriocins. The bacteriocin is heat stable and shows wide antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, especially <I>L. monocytogenes</I>.</P><P>Significance and Impact of the Study: </P><P>Pediocin K23-2 and pediocin K23-2-producing <I>P. pentosaceus</I> K23-2 could potentially be used in the food and feed industries as natural biopreservatives, and for probiotic application to humans or livestock.</P>

Weight loss at the first month of palliative chemotherapy predicts survival outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer

Ock, C. Y.,Oh, D. Y.,Lee, J.,Kim, T. Y.,Lee, K. H.,Han, S. W.,Im, S. A.,Kim, T. Y.,Bang, Y. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Gastric cancer Vol.19 No.2

<P>Weight loss during chemotherapy is a significant prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, in most studies, weight loss was measured at the end of chemotherapy, limiting its clinical use. In this study, we evaluated whether weight loss during the first month of chemotherapy could predict survival outcomes in patients with AGC. We analyzed 719 patients with metastatic or recurrent AGC who were receiving palliative chemotherapy. We calculated the initial body mass index (BMIi), percent weight loss after 1 month of chemotherapy (Delta W (1)m), percent weight loss after last administration of chemotherapy (Delta W (end)), and average weight loss per month during chemotherapy (Delta W/m). We correlated these data with overall survival (OS) by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves, and performed a subgroup analysis using Cox regression. The probabilities of longer OS had stronger correlations with Delta W/m and Delta W (1)m than with Delta W (end) or BMIi. A significant positive correlation between Delta W (1)m and Delta W/m (r (2) = 0.591, p < 0.001) was observed. Median OS of patients with Delta W (1)m more than 3 % was significantly shorter than in patients with less weight loss (OS: 9.7 vs. 16.3 months, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that Delta W (1)m accompanied poor survival irrespective of other clinical characteristics. Weight loss at the very first month of palliative chemotherapy could predict unfavorable survival outcomes in AGC.</P>

단열재 압출공정의 인자분석을 통한 최적선정에 관한 연구

한창우(C.W. Han),박선명(S.M. Park),장은실(E.S. Jang),노규익(K.I. Noh),손재환(J.H. Son) 한국생산제조학회 2013 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.8

표면형상 전극을 이용한 전해방전 가공의 시뮬레이션

채기운(K. W. Chae),한민섭(M.-S. Han),이상조(S. J. Lee),민병권(B.-K. Min) 한국정밀공학회 2013 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.5월

개인음향기기 소음실태 및 영향 조사

이재원(J. W. Lee),이우석(W. S. Lee),박형규(H. K. Park),장은혜(Y. H. Jang),최경희(K. H. Choi),한진석(J. S. Han),서충열(C. Y. Seo) 한국소음진동공학회 2011 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10