Effects of Traditional Chinese Cooking Methods on Formation of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Lamb Patties

Haitao Guo,Zhenyu Wang,Han Pan,Xin Li,Li Chen,Weili Rao,Yuan Gao,Dequan Zhang 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Different amounts of the potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) areformed in muscle-based foods under different cookingmethods. HAAs (9 varieties) in lamb patties cooked usingtraditional Chinese cooking methods (roasting, frying, panfrying,and stewing in seasonings) were investigated. Thetotal HAAs contents in roasted, fried, pan-fried, and stewedpatties were 4.39-123.15 ng/g, 3.59-43.24 ng/g, 0.71-10.05ng/g, and 51.07-120.32 ng/g, respectively. Amounts of HAAsincreased as cooking time increased. 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) was the dominantHAAs in deep roasted and fried samples, while 1-methyl-9H-pyrido [3,4-b] indole (Harman) and 9H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole (Norharman) were the main HAAs in pan-fried andstewed samples. Types and contents of HAAs formed atdifferent cooking times using different methods are unique. Stewing in seasoning generated a higher HAAs contentthan the high-temperature cooking methods roasting,frying, and pan-frying.

Modified Slip Surface Stress Method for Potential Slip Mass Stability Analysis

Haitao Zhang,Xianqi Luo,Jinfeng Bi,Zijing Guo 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.1

A modified slip surface stress method is proposed with the concept of vector sum and rigorous force analysis. Theoretically, the proposed method could degenerate into the existing methods by adding the corresponding assumptions. Through five typical slope cases, comparisons are made among the Factor of Safety (FoS) calculated by the proposed method and others. Results show that the proposed method could evaluate slopes at the limit state. Moreover, the proposed method is capable to calculate the FoS of the potential slip mass for both homogeneous and heterogeneous cases with regular or irregular slip surface in both two- and three-dimension spaces. Also, the proposed method could give the potential slip direction of a slope, which is useful for the design of measures to reinforce the slope.

Molecular Orbital Gating Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Guo, Chenyang,Chen, Xing,Ding, Song-Yuan,Mayer, Dirk,Wang, Qingling,Zhao, Zhikai,Ni, Lifa,Liu, Haitao,Lee, Takhee,Xu, Bingqian,Xiang, Dong American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.11

<P>One of the promising approaches to meet the urgent demand for further device miniaturization is to create functional devices using single molecules. Although various single-molecule electronic devices have been demonstrated recently, single-molecule optical devices which use external stimulations to control the optical response of a single molecule have rarely been reported. Here, we propose and demonstrate a field-effect Raman scattering (FERS) device with a single molecule, an optical counterpart to field-effect transistors (a key component of modern electronics). With our devices, the gap size between electrodes can be precisely adjusted at subangstrom accuracy to form single molecular junctions as well as to reach the maximum performance of Raman scattering via plasmonic enhancement. Based on this maximum performance, we demonstrated that the intensity of Raman scattering can be further enhanced by an additional ∼40% if the orbitals of the molecules bridged two electrodes were shifted by a gating voltage. This finding not only provides a method to increase the sensitivity of Raman scattering beyond the limit of plasmonic enhancement, but also makes it feasible to realize addressable functional FERS devices with a gate electrode array.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Fractal Dimension Analysis of MDCT Images for Quantifying the Morphological Changes of the Pulmonary Artery Tree in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension

Sun Haitao,Li Ning,Guo Lijun,Gao Fei,Liu Cheng 대한영상의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.12 No.3

Objective: The aim of this study was to use fractal dimension (FD) analysis on multidetector CT (MDCT) images for quantifying the morphological changes of the pulmonary artery tree in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients with PH and 17 patients without PH as controls were studied. All of the patients underwent contrast-enhanced helical CT and transthoracic echocardiography. The pulmonary artery trees were generated using post-processing software, and the FD and projected image area of the pulmonary artery trees were determined with ImageJ software in a personal computer. The FD, the projected image area and the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) were statistically evaluated in the two groups. Results: The FD, the projected image area and the PAP of the patients with PH were higher than those values of the patients without PH (p < 0.05, t-test). There was a high correlation of FD with the PAP (r = 0.82, p < 0.05, partial correlation analysis). There was a moderate correlation of FD with the projected image area (r = 0.49, p < 0.05, partial correlation analysis). There was a correlation of the PAP with the projected image area (r = 0.65, p < 0.05, Pearson correlation analysis). Conclusion: The FD of the pulmonary arteries in the PH patients was significantly higher than that of the controls. There is a high correlation of FD with the PAP. Objective: The aim of this study was to use fractal dimension (FD) analysis on multidetector CT (MDCT) images for quantifying the morphological changes of the pulmonary artery tree in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients with PH and 17 patients without PH as controls were studied. All of the patients underwent contrast-enhanced helical CT and transthoracic echocardiography. The pulmonary artery trees were generated using post-processing software, and the FD and projected image area of the pulmonary artery trees were determined with ImageJ software in a personal computer. The FD, the projected image area and the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) were statistically evaluated in the two groups. Results: The FD, the projected image area and the PAP of the patients with PH were higher than those values of the patients without PH (p < 0.05, t-test). There was a high correlation of FD with the PAP (r = 0.82, p < 0.05, partial correlation analysis). There was a moderate correlation of FD with the projected image area (r = 0.49, p < 0.05, partial correlation analysis). There was a correlation of the PAP with the projected image area (r = 0.65, p < 0.05, Pearson correlation analysis). Conclusion: The FD of the pulmonary arteries in the PH patients was significantly higher than that of the controls. There is a high correlation of FD with the PAP.

Ethylene Production and Expression of Two Ethylene Biosynthetic Genes in Senescing Flowers of Hosta ventricosa

Xiaoxian Zhu,Haitao Hu,Weidong Guo,Jianhua Chen,Changchun Wang,Ling Yang 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.2

Senescence of Hosta ventricosa flowers was firstly characterized as ethylene-sensitive since the deterioration of the tepal was accompanied by increased endogenous ethylene biosynthesis. The full-length cDNAs and DNAs of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) involved in ethylene biosynthesis were cloned from H. ventricosa flowers. The HvACS ORF with 1347 bp and two introns, encoded a polypeptide of 448 amino acids showing 79% homology with that in Musa acuminata. The HvACO ORF contained 957 bp and three introns, encoding a 318-residue polypeptide showing 83% homology with that in Narcissus tazetta. The timing of the induction of HvACS expression was in correspond to the timing of the increase in ethylene production, and that the up-regulation of HvACO transcript was closely correlated with an elevated ethylene production, but underwent a down-regulation in wounded leaves with elevated ethylene emission. The results, together with expression analysis in vegetative tissues, suggested that both HvACS and HvACO were specifically regulated by flower senescence.

Ethylene Production and Expression of Two Ethylene Biosynthetic Genes in Senescing Flowers of Hosta ventricosa

Zhu, Xiaoxian,Hu, Haitao,Guo, Weidong,Chen, Jianhua,Wang, Changchun,Yang, Ling Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.2

Senescence of Hosta ventricosa flowers was firstly characterized as ethylene-sensitive since the deterioration of the tepal was accompanied by increased endogenous ethylene biosynthesis. The full-length cDNAs and DNAs of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) involved in ethylene biosynthesis were cloned from H. ventricosa flowers. The HvACS ORF with 1347 bp and two introns, encoded a polypeptide of 448 amino acids showing 79% homology with that in Musa acuminata. The HvACO ORF contained 957 bp and three introns, encoding a 318-residue polypeptide showing 83% homology with that in Narcissus tazetta. The timing of the induction of HvACS expression was in correspond to the timing of the increase in ethylene production, and that the up-regulation of HvACO transcript was closely correlated with an elevated ethylene production, but underwent a down-regulation in wounded leaves with elevated ethylene emission. The results, together with expression analysis in vegetative tissues, suggested that both HvACS and HvACO were specifically regulated by flower senescence.

Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Meat Products Consumed in China

Han Pan,Zhenyu Wang,Haitao Guo,Na Ni,Dequan Zhang 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) formedin cooked muscle foods are recognized as mutagenic andcarcinogenic compounds. A total of 9 nine HAAs wereanalyzed in 34 meat products consumed in China. The totalHAAs content in all meat products ranged from 4.14 to108.80 ng/g. Dry and sauced meats contained higherconcentration of total HAAs than other kinds of meatproducts. Samples from East and Northwest China showedhigher concentrations of total HAAs than samples fromother regions. The most common specific HAAs, harmanand norharman, were detected in all meat samples at levelsof 1.09-63.97 and 1.19-62.30 ng/g, respectively. Concentrationsof MeIQx, PhIP, 4, 8-DiMeIQx, and AαC were muchlower. MeAαC (n=8), IQ (n=15), and Trp-P-2 (n=23) weredetected in some samples.

Mechanical Behaviors on T-shaped Hook-connected Structure Made of 2.5D Woven Composites and TC4 Alloy

Hongjian Zhang,Junhua Guo,Weidong Wen,Haitao Cui 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.2

This work designed a T-shaped hook-connected structure composed of a bottom plate made of 2.5D woven composites and a T-shaped plate made of TC4 alloy. In order to explore to its bending and tensile properties, the corresponding experiments were designed and performed. Then, based on the progressive damage model and an improved Hashin’s failure criteria, numeral calculations were conducted in ANSYS to study its bending and tensile damage propagations. Compared with experimental results, the maximum error is less than 20 %, and the damage modes are similar, which proves the rationality of numerical calculation. In addition, both the experimental and simulation results show that the fatal damage both occurs at the constrained plate of the bottom plate whether in bending or tensile processes. Specifically, the fatal failure occurs at the installed edges in bending process or at the sides of groove-middle to groove-edge in tensile process. This work provides a design reference for typical T-shaped hook-connected composite structure, especially the connector of blade and casing, which appear in engineering and has good engineering application value.

Effects of surfactant contamination on oxygen mass transfer in fine bubble aeration process

Lu Qi,Hongchen Wang,Xulu Chen,Guo-hua Liu,Haitao Fan,Meidi Li,Tao Luo 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.9

The effects of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic surfactants (SDS, SDBS, CTAB and Tween20) on oxygen mass transfer (OMT) in fine bubble aeration systems were investigated. The overall gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa), specific interfacial area (a), and liquid-side mass transfer coefficient (KL) parameters were used to assess the influence of the surfactants. At the same concentration, the different surfactants were observed to influence the KLa value as follows: KLa (SDBS)>KLa (SDS)>KLa (tween20)>KLa (CTAB). For all used surfactants, the overall trends showed a significant decrease in the KLa value at low concentrations (0-5mg/L), while the KLa value recovered somewhat at high concentrations (10-20mg/L). The decrease to the KL value was found to be much larger than increase in the a value in the presence of surfactants. Furthermore, a simple model was established that provides an OMT prediction for different surfactants.

Intense green upconversion emission in Tb^3+/Yb^3+ codoped alumino-germano-silicate optical fibers

Lin, Aoxiang,Liu, Xueming,Watekar, Pramod R.,Guo, Haitao,Peng, Bo,Wei,Lu, Min,Han, Won-Taek,Toulouse, Jean The Optical Society 2010 Applied optics Vol.49 No.9

<P>We observed intense green upconversion emission from Tb(3+) centered at 546 nm due to transition D(4)5-->F(5)7 in Tb(3+)/Yb(3+) codoped alumino-germano-silicate optical fibers by direct excitation of Yb(3+) ions with a laser diode at 976 nm. A two-photon cooperative energy transfer upconversion among a pair of Yb(3+) donor ions and a Tb(3+) acceptor ion are responsible for the observed green emission. Appropriately increasing the concentration of Tb(3+) relative to Yb(3+) was found to facilitate the energy transfer upconversion process from Yb(3+) to Tb(3+), while an excess of Tb(3+) ions inversely introduced more of the concentration quenching effect and phonon-assistant backward energy transfer from Tb(3+) to Yb(3+) and, therefore, damaged the observed green emission. The intensity of the observed green emission was found optimum for a concentration ratio of Tb(3+) to Yb(3+) of 2:1 in alumino-germano-silicate optical glass fibers.</P>