Micropropagation of the Mongolian medicinal plant Zygophyllum potaninii via somatic embryogenesis

Gun‑Aajav Bayarmaa,이나념,강호덕,Batlai Oyuntsetseg,문흥규 한국식물생명공학회 2018 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.12 No.3

The Mongolian medicinal plant Zygophyllum potaninii has been assessed as an endangered species with regional status. We applied the somatic embryogenesis technique using aseptic in vitro germinants of the plant as an effective propagation technology. The seed germination rate in vitro was 16.5% after 2 weeks of culture. Embryonic calli (EC) and somatic embryos (SEs) were induced using the cotyledon or hypocotyl segments of the germinants. Calli were effectively induced on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-d) and 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylamino purine (BA). The callus was composed of pale yellow or pale green friable cells. SE formed from EC only on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with 0.5 mg/L abscisic acid (ABA). Other concentrations of ABA failed to induce SE formation. All SEs germinated in MS medium with different salt levels. However, normal plant conversion was achieved only on half-strength MS medium. The converted plantlets were effectively acclimatized in vitro in sand and transferred to a mixture of sand and perlite (1:1 v/v) in the greenhouse. After 8 weeks of culture, 55.4% of the plants survived. This is a first report of propagating the medicinal desert plant Z. potaninii via somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration.

집중호우에 따른 저수지 사고 피해조사 및 향후과제

허건 ( Heo¸ Gun ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2020 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.24 No.2

국내외적으로 저수지의 사고와 붕괴가 집중호우, 지진, 내부침식 등의 사유로 빈번해지고 있다. 이러한 외적인 하중 외에도 저수지 자체의 노후화로 인하여 그 파괴가능성(probability of failure)이 증가하는 실정이며 이러한 사고와 붕괴는 반복적으로 발생하고 있다. 또한 저수지 하류부의 개발 및 도시화로 저수의 붕괴로 인한 잠재적인 피해(consequences) 역시 증가하고 있다. 이에 시설물의 피해 원인 분석 및 대책수립 프로세스를 강화하고 피해 조사 결과를 DB화하여 체계적으로 관리할 필요가 있다. 더불어 기존 시설물을 위험도(risk) 감소를 위한 유지(안전)관리 기술의 개발도 시급한 실정이다.

향신료와 야채류가 세균의 성장에 미치는 영향(Ⅰ)

이건일,정영건,권오진 효성여자대학교 부설 한국환경위생연구소 1992 환경위생연구 Vol.2 No.1

본 실험은 일반가정의 식탁에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 향신료 및 야채류 14종에 대해 3주의 gram양성 및 4주의 gram 음성균의 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 공시균의 NaCl에 대 한 내성은 Lactobacillus casei, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aeroge-nes는 7%의 NaCl에서도 성장하여 내성이 강하였고, 그외의 공시균은 5-7%의 NaCl에서 성장저해효과가 있었다. 열저항성은 75℃이상%서 공시균의 성장이 억제되어 85℃에서는 Bacillussubtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes를 제외한 공시균은 성장이 완전히 저해되었다. 항생물질의내성은 Pseudomonas aeruginosa가 본 실험에 이용된 모든 항생물질에서 MIC가 400 mg/ml로나타나 개성이 가장 강하였으며 Shigella sp.은 MIC가 100 mg/ml로 내성이 가장 약하였다.마늘에서는 Pseudomonas aeruginosa를 제외 한 모든 공시균에서 , 엽차에서는 Bacillus subtilis,Klebsiella pnewmoniae, Shigella sp.에서, 쑥에서는 Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aeroge-nes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sp.에서 각각 항균작용이 있었으며, 생육저해 농도는 마늘은 0.5-0.4%, 엽차는 4.0-5.0%, 쑥은 2.0-10.0%로 나타났다. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of food spi-ces and vegetables, which are commonly avaible on the dining table everyday,on bacteria growth. Total 14 kinds of food spices and vegetables were sampledin Kyungsan market in Kyungsan city. 7 strains of bacteria were used in thisexperiment as test strains which were 3 strains of Gram positive bacteria (Bacil-lus subtilis,Lactobacillus casei and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative4 strains (Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa and Shigella sp.) . The results summerrzed were as ronows: 1. The growth of all test strains except Pseudomonas aeruginosa was inhibi-ted by water extracts of raw garlic with concentrations ranging 0.5% to 4.0%. 2. Bacilus subtilis, Klebsiella pnewmoniae and Shigella sp. where not grownin tea with concentrations ranging 4.0% to 5.0%. 3. Water extracts of wormwood also interfered all strains growth exceptBacillus subtilis of which inhibitory concentrations were ranged 2.0% to 10.0%. 4. In susceptibilities of test strains to NaCl solutions the most sensitivestrain was Bacillus subtilis while Enterobacter aerogeneg was showed strongresistance to each different concentration of this solution. Almost the growthof test strains except Enterobacfer aerogenes were inhibited in over 4% of thissolution. 5. GeneraIBy all of test strains were resisted to penicillin G whereas theyall were susceptible only to streptomycin. Shigella sp. was markedly sensitiveto all of antibiotics used in this experiment and MIC of this strain to them was100 mg/ml while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was strongly tolerable to the all ofantibiotics and its MIC to them was 100+ mg/ml. 6. Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes were able to grow until85℃ in gradually increasing temperature.

중소병원의 의료서비스 마케팅에 관한 연구 : 특히 충남 서천군을 중심으로 with special emphasis to the Sochon-Gun in Chung-Nam Province

김항석,신건호,한영희 군산대학교 지역개발연구소 1999 地域開發硏究 Vol.11 No.-

Customer service marketing has been well developed in business since last several decades. The purpose of this research is to apply service orientation in hospitals. The specific purposes are as follows. First, The process of customer service in business includes medical service delivery, which will be a competitive strategy for the 21st century. Second, more specifically, the degree of customer satisfaction will be explored based on data collected and analysed by questionnaire survey. Third, customer service strategy of small-medium sized hospitals will be presented based on the findings of this research. For the successful completion of the research, the established theories in customer service will be reviewed and questionnaire technique will be adopted to collect data. The following finding indicate some general strategies for better medical service delivery in small and medium sized hospitals. First, finding show the punctuality of service employees and immediate notice of examination results are most preferred elements in service delivery. Second, the study also pointed out the kindness of employees in hospitals need to provide free medical program for the community residents. In conclusion, the research showed some critical issues in hospital management. In humane treatment and kindness of employees are the most chronic problems among many others. The research also indicated give a competitive advantage to small and medium sized hospitals for better service delivery.

미중 갈등 시대 중국어 교수법의 새로운 방향

박건영 淸州大學校 韓國文化硏究所 2024 人文科學論集 Vol.67 No.-

中美冲突后,韩国的汉语教育大幅下滑。在教育领域,培训时间明显减少,随着学习时间的减少,需要修改教育目标和授课管理基调。本文从这个角度出发,提出问题并提出修改建议,重新设定教育目标。这一教育目标提出了汉语作为外语, 如“对外汉语”学习观念的转变。据此修改的教学方法, 其方向如下。 首先,向汉语初学者提议汉字的延迟学习。因为汉字学习时间长, 所以建议争先使用汉语拼音字母,以此代替,训练听力与口语是,能提高学习的初期效果,这方向更有效率。另外,只有确保拼音教育,才能获得今后在电脑上更容易写汉字,输入汉字的优点。 其次,建议实施层次性、循序渐进的学习。这些层次是根据汉字的频率和单词用法来划分的。使用HSK试题就是逐步积累所使用的汉字和表达方式,以便将适合当前缩减学习条件的量传递给学习者。 最后,教师和学习者都强调了数字文明的加速发展给外语学习带来的变化的认识,比如如何利用‘人工智能’的这一趋势。

생강나무 잎과 가지의 정유성분 비교

고건우, 홍열, 임흥빈 충북대학교 연초연구소 2008 煙草硏究 Vol.21 No.-

-본문참고-

환경협약시대의 항공사 그린전략

차근호,이윤철 한국항공대학교 경영연구소 1997 경영연구 Vol.4 No.1

For nearly five decades air transport has provided significant public benefits. It has brougt work, prosperity, increased trade and new travel and tourism opportunities Air transport is now massive and economically vital business, encompassing the manufacturers and operators of engines and aircraft, fuel suppliers, airports and air traffic control systems. Its customers represent every sector of the world s economy and every segment of the world s population The industry s competitive environment is undergoing fundamental change. Its development in major market is constrained by problems mused by overloaded airport and air traffic control systems and by concern about air transport s environmental impact. To meet growing demand, the industry is investing heavily in new technology and in modem aircraft. The airlines are improving upon outstanding standards of safety, efficiency and reliability and are continually reducing cost to the customer. At the same time the industry is constantly seeking to reduce its environmental impact and has regulurly improved its environmental performance over time. Air transport has consistently made optimal use of technology and has sponsored technological innovation - even though this has entailed major material and financial investment. Air traffic world-wide is growing by an average 5 percent each year. Current trends suggest that by the year 2005 its growth may double Should it grow to this extent, and if scientists predictions about global warming hold true, a number of conditions will need to be met; Quite apart from the major question of the ability o f the airways and airports to absorb forecast growth air transport will need to further improve its environmental record If air transport s impact on the environment is to be minimised, the industry must continually devote adequate resources to the protection of the environment and fully exploit the best available technology. The airlines are playing their part in cleaning up" the planet and in preserving and protecting its natural resources. However, they are concerned that governments and the public are not sufficiently aware of the world-wide economic loss which would result from an industry fettered by unnecessary constraints. Stringent environmental standards entail heavy airline investment, which is eventually passed on to passengers in higher fares.

韓國 最高經營組織의 特質

金健玉 원광대학교 상업교육과 1981 상교논총 Vol.1 No.-

This paper is focused on the fundamental investigation, reflection and criticism about the functions and organigations of top management in Korea business, in the light of emergency of the present situation. The board of director as Korean top management is almost held by the directors within the firm. Accordingly there are the actual cricumstances that those who own both the right of decision and the right of inspection command the right of excution simultaneously. For example he who has the right of decision himself will decide ; he who has the right of excution himself excutes, and he who has the right of inspection himself will inspect. This is the remarkable feature of Korean top management I think. He is lacking not only in accepting the wide range of vision but also in weak condition in point of outside the firm, and that it does not he in inpection system. We must understand several problems of above mention. If we think of top management organization such as foreign country as one ideo, "is it not necessary to utilize actually the Board of Directors demanded by commerce ?" I suppose, they approve it is necessary for Korean directors of outside the firm, but it is not put in operation realistically. If the directors participate in it, they will introduce the inspection as we view in foreign countries, they dislike that the inspectors will participate in it and the directors of outside the firm do not approve of the inspectors participation because the directors of outside the firm do not have anything to do. The inspection after the fact is a kind of inspection, but in a sense of sociality. The inspection after the fact is much more effective as it play a great part than preliminary inspection in Korea there is no state in it. In the point of the problem to decide the opinions, Top management must possess the method of developing outside-firm nature, sociality and inspection system. In Korea as mentioning above, there are many opinions to reorganize the operation committee matter, the top-management is not settled, and yet They cannot settle the fundamental matter at the same time, so how to manage the operating committee will be followed. In the event of Germany there are a few differences, but I do not belive there are differences in them. They reason is why the board of directors hold the right of decision and the right of inspection. In Korea, England, America, France They reveal the right of decision apparently, while they will not reveal the right of inspection apparently and back it in the outside. In Germany they will reveal the inspection apparently while they back the right of decision. Though they seem to do nothing, they hold such as the right of approval, and they trust the right of decision to the board of directors by a large magin. So the boss of the firm does not decide the problem arbitrarily in his own way. Is it cooperation responsibility? or is it conferential? Anyway the boss in lacking in the center of him himself. The form of conference has a merit to decide the opinion, but in excuting the problem the form of conference will weaken the movement of the excution. They will be in danger of losing the open opportunity if they excute he matter as they are consulting problems, so I think it is very effective to entrust the specified boss with full powers in order that he can acomplish his entrusted aim with heart and decision. Also it would be better for the boss to entrust the chief of the business department with the right of decided excution. When the decided particulars are entrusted to the department and will be excuted by the chief of the business department, to excute by the group conference is not expected to have desirable effects in the point of the time to excute and efficiency. The Korean unique point of top management organization by the board of directors is buried. What is there as the agency instead of the board of directors? I mentioned the three functions of top management, but someone must take charge of them. One of the lagencies can not necessarily accomplish the aim, and to be done only by the operating committee will bring about some unreasonableness, I think. Accordingly they alter the angencies to take charge of each function in foreign countries. Nevertheless Korea Top management organization seem to be only the operating committee. They operating committee must take charge of these three functions, but can not realistically, and there seems much to be desired in it, there seems to be except for the right of opinion-decision and direction. I have pursuited the factors "only the agency of operating commitee like that can sustain the function in order to cope with such a severse time as modern times even though we got along without any accident in the past?"

平面硏削에 있어서 表面거칠기에 關한 硏究 : 硏削숫돌粒子의 粒度 및 硏削깊이를 中心으로

金健鎬 군산대학교 1986 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.3

In order to improve the finished surface roughness and the precision size in the workpiece, it is the most important problem to study the standard of the optimum choice of grinding wheel and the grinding condition. This paper is discussed on the influence of the grinding depth and the grain size of grinding wheel to affect on the surface roughness in the surface grinding. The results obtained in these experiments are as follows. 1. In order to gain the smooth finished surface of the workpiece, it is advisable to choose the large mesh of the grain size 60∼100 mesh in the grinding wheel. 2. It is advisable to choose the small grinding depth in the range of the grinding depth 5∼20μm.

경주지역 특급호텔의 웹사이트 운영 실태와 개선전략

신건권 경주대학교 지역개발연구소 2000 地域開發論叢 Vol.- No.3

Web sites of hotels, have been used to provide information of the host hotels traditionally, but now, with the maturity of information technologies, they tend to be used as tools for marketing the hotels. In line with this trend, the purposes of this study were to analyse the management system of web sites run by hotels in Kyongju area, discuss problems related to them, and provide strategies needed for improving them. In order to achieve these purposes, the researcher has developed evaluative criteria for hotel web sites, and made substantial case studies with regard to deluxe hotels in Kyongju including Chosun Hotel, Hyundai Hotel, concorde Hotel, Hilton Hotel), using observation methods. Several problems found and improvement strategies for them are summarized below. 1) It was found that the web sites of deluxe hotels in Kyongju area were inferior in terms of navigability, accessibility and interactivity. In oder to improve these problems, security system should be established with regard to visitors and customers to the sites, and quality of the web site, such as feedback system, function of bulletin board, search engine, should be reconsidered so that interaction between the hotel and its customers will facilitated. 2) As for the contents of the system, means of inducing potential customers was not introduced, and information about the goods and their price provided were rather inferior. In order to improve this, it is necessary to diversify the kinds of information so that they can draw the interests of prospective customers. It can include providing various information on goods and price, animated information on hotel and its commodities. 3) As for customer service, reservation system on the net introduced, and overall quality of service in terms of on-line recruiting, FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions), corporate information, visitor bulletin, etc, was inferior. In oder to improve this, automatic reservation system should be installed so that visitors or customers to the site can make easy access to make reservations and cancellations, or retrieval. It is also recommended that web sites be utilized as a kind of marketing instrument for inducing more prospective customers. 4) Web sites of deluxe hotels in Kyongju did not include enough community information if any. In order to improve this, it is recommended that a variety of tourism-related or cultural information as well as community activities be posted on the website.