이상 소설에 나타난 산책의 의미와 근대성에 관한 연구 : 몸의 문제를 중심으로 As Found in Lee Sangs Novels

이재복 우리말글학회 2003 우리말 글 Vol.29 No.-

The reason why many of the papers, reaching about 600 pieces, on Lee Sangs literature leave much to be desired despite their vast numbers, is that they excluded the body which can be said to be the foundation of his literature. The modern times or modernity revealed in his literature, particularly his novels, is the substance expressed by or embodied by the body. Experiencing modern times and modernity through the body means that his novels reveal the essence of modern times and modernity. Its because the body shows all the phenomenon and essence, the cognition and practice, the consciousness and unconsciousness, the process and reality of modern times. For this reason, this study explores the modern times and modernity that his novels reveal by paying special attention to the experience in the body. It is not different from drawing a birds-eye view of modern times with the body that the body carries out improvised walking from an alcove to Kyongsung, a modern city space. By drawing out a birds-eye view of the opaque and uncertain modern times represented by gray darkness with the body, the speaker reveals not only the bounds of our modern times and modernity but also the limits to their generals. Their intensive representation is the desire for soaring revealed through abstracted and artificialized wings. This desire for soaring should be viewed not as escape to the abstracted and artificialized world but as desire for passing over it. He tries to realize the desire for real modern times by moving to Kyongsung, but it results in not an illusion but disillusionment. A series of these facts that Lee Sang shows through his novels can be viewed as both a drama of the body and that of modernity in itself. He explored the universal aspects of modern generals as well as the special aspects of our modern times or modernity, through a way of speaking and thinking with the body. We cannot say too much that his exploration on modern times and modernity was based on the body. If it may be said to be true modernity to re-create the self or the subject that was regnant as a source of self-evidence in the thought of the body and re-form the understanding of our existence, he is a modernist in its real meaning. It would not be a sound appreciation of Lee Sangs novels and literature that some treat him as if he were a schizophreniac by emphasizing an aspect of the dissociation of consciousness, or others regard him as a tragic hero who wandered about the surface of a pale mind and finally passed away without getting out of languor and doubt or as a prosaic stylist who tried to escape to the abstract and geometric world. Though concerns about Lee Sang are spreading in gear with discussions on modernism or modern and postmodern ages, the reason why those discussions repeatedly expand and reproduce only an intellectual amusement in a cognitive level is that they didnt see the body, the essential foundation of his literature. Once, Kim Soo-young commented on Park Tae-jins poetry that a physical understanding should be preceded to truly understand modernity. His comment has been regarded as a kind of a classic in writing in the name of poetics of the whole body. It would be said that the ground for calling Kim Soo-young a real modernist is on this understanding of modernity and the body, rather than on his avant-garde, experimental and modern sense. But theres no basis for concluding that Kim Soo-young is a poet who wrote a poem with his whole body though he shows an understanding of modernity and the body. This is rather because the cognition of speaking and thinking with the body is not fully physicalized than because in its nature of genre, in poetry the pains of the body before language are not revealed concretely in a textual level. While many of critics make comment that Lee Sangs literature lacks the social consciousness, they dont doubt its authenticity. Its because he embodies speaking with the body. It can be said that the true modernist or modernity is none other than Lee Sang himself and his novels. Our society is in modern ages, and though it switches over to postmodern ages the problems of the body and modernity Lee Sang showed us would exist as an important basis for understanding the world. In this sense, the problems of the body and modernity revealed by his novels will be a certain standard in discussing modern ages and modernity, and further, postmodern ages and postmodernity that our literature as well as his poetry and essays reveals.(Hanyang University)

이상 시에 나타난 다다이즘적 특성에 관한 연구

이재복(Jae Bok Lee) 한국언어문화학회 2000 한국언어문화 Vol.18 No.-

The main purpose of the thesis is to pursue the Dadaistic features of Lee-sang`s Poetry. Lee-sang`s Poetry, as a whole, is discoursed in the Dadaism and the Surrealism. Both of these are not technical but social and historic. Especially, among these two terms Dadaism, first of all, regards to the social and history, they have negative sprit. In this respcet, I studied Lee-sang`s Poetry. As the result of this point of view, he was a poet who wrote poem fiercely as like the fighter, in the colonical era. His negative thought should be realive through the modern poets. In order that his dadaistic spirit accepted the aethetic dialectic, he said, desperate give birth to technic(language) and technic(language) give birth to desperate. That`s the reason why we think over and over.

이상 소설의 각혈하는 몸과 근대성에 관한 연구

이재복 한국여성문학학회 2001 여성문학연구 Vol.6 No.-

이상 문학에 대해 육 백 여 편에 달하는 많은 글들이 쓰여졌음에도 불구하고 본질에 접근하지 못하고 있는 것은 그의 문학을 발생시키는 본질적인 토대인 몸을 배제해 왔기 때문이다. 그의 문학 특히 그의 소설이 드러내는 근대 및 근대성은 몸으로 말해진 혹은 몸으로 구현된 실체들이다. 몸으로 근대 및 근대성을 체험한다는 것은 그의 소설이 근대 및 근대성의 본질을 드러내고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 그것은 몸이 근대의 현상과 본질, 인식과 실천, 의식과 무의식, 과정과 실재 등을 모두 드러내고 있기 때문이다. 이런 이유 때문에 본고에서는 몸 체험에 주목하여 그의 소설이 드러내는 근대 및 근대성을 탐구해 보았다. 몸은 그 특성상 역동성을 강하게 드러내며, 이것은 소설의 말과 관계가 있을 뿐만 아니라 텍스트의 육화로 이어지는 것이 사실이다. 즉 몸은 텍스트와 발생론적인 인과성으로 연결되어 있다고 할 수 있다. 이런 점에 주목하여 이상 소설의 글쓰기 주체가 보여주는 자신의 주관화된 각혈하는 몸과 그것을 객관하고 타자화한 창부의 몸 중에서 먼저 각혈하는 몸을 통해 어떻게 근대성을 발견하고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 말하기 주체 자신의 각혈하는 몸, 다시 말하면 피를 쏟으면서 점점 탕진되어 가는 몸을 통해서는 육체와 정신의 아이러니와 페러독스, 자기 소외라는 이중화된 근대의 구조와 근대적인 실존에 대한 불안과 공포를 읽어낼 수 있었다. 글쓰기 주체 자신의 각혈하는 몸을 통해 드러나는 이러한 특성은 모두 근대의 본질에 닿아 있지만 그 중에서도 이중성은 시사하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다. 근대는 이미 출발부터가 이중적이었다. 이를테면 근대를 성립시킨 계몽이성이 자유로운 인간의 탄생을 가져온 동시에 인간에게 새로운 압제와 질곡을 불러일으키고 있다거나 주체성의 원리에서 비롯된 지복(至福) 자유가 인륜적 조화의 상실을 가져왔다는 점, 혹은 자연의 지배로부터 인간을 해방시킨 계몽의 형식 바로 그것 속에 인간을 복속 시키는 야만이 잠재되어 있다는 사실 등은 근대의 이중성을 잘 말해주고 있는 예라고 할 수 있다. 근대의 본질을 내장하고 있는 이러한 이중성을 드러낸다는 것은 작가의 근대에 대한 통찰이 깊이를 획득하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 더욱이 그것이 관념이나 인식만으로 이루어진 것이 아니라 몸에 대한 체험을 통해 이루어졌다는 점에서 그 의미는 더욱 크다고 할 수 있다. The reason why many of the papers, reaching about 600 pieces, on Lee Sangs literature leave much to be desired despite their vast numbers, is that they excluded the body which can be said to be the foundation of his literature. The modern times or modernity revealed in his literature, particularly his novels, is the substance expressed by or embodied by the body. Experiencing modern times and modernity through the body means that his novels reveal the essence of modern times and modernity. Its because the body shows all the phenomenon and essence, the cognition and practice, the consciousness and unconsciousness, the process and reality of modern times. For this reason, this study explores the modern times and modernity that his novels reveal by paying special attention to the experience in the body. The body strongly reveals dynamics in its own nature, which involves the words of novels as well as is connected to the physicalization of texts. That is, it can be said that the body is connected to texts with the causality of the evolution theory. Paying special attention to this point, explores how the speaker in Lee Sangs novels finds modernity through both his subjective body expectorating blood and the objectified prostitutes body. As a result, the irony and paradox of the body and the spirit, the duplicated structure of modern times of self-isolation, and the fear of and anxiety about modern existence were to be read through the speakers expectorating body, or, the body that is being exhausted by expectorating blood. This modernity revealed by the speakers own body is also found in the prostitutes body where it is objectified. On the other hand, those found in the prostitutes body that plays a role of a mirror are the duality of a poisonous flower, the image of an onion as a condenser of desires that doesnt reveal the real entity, and the natures of modern times like alienation in communication by the body and fetishism. Though these natures revealed by the speakers expectorating body and the prostitutes objectified body both come in touch with the essence of modernity, above all, the duality can be said to have a lot of implications. Modern times were dual from its own beginning. The examples prove well the duality of modern times like that the reason of Enlightenment which established modern times at once created free men and brought a new kind of oppression and fetters to human beings, the freedom of beatitude originated from the principle of subjectivity caused the loss of humanistic harmony, or barbarism which subjects men to his rule lurks in the form of Enlightenment itself which freed men from the natures bondage. Revealing this duality inherent in the substance of modern times means that the insight of the author into modern times has obtained profundity. Moreover, the meaning is to be greater in that it has been obtained through the experience in the body as well as by ideas or recognition.

돼지 우리 깔집용 왕겨에서의 Ochratoxin A 검출

이문한,박진봉,박응복,이영재,신광순,박종명,남궁선,조준형,박근식,권택석,이재구 한국수의공중보건학회 1992 예방수의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

정수 슬러지의 복토재 응용에 관한 타당성 연구

이재복, 임성진 경성대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏報 Vol.10 No.1

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility on waterworks sludge modification for cover soils in sanitary landfill site. The waterworks sludge was modified to improve material properties by making a single or combined dosing of admixtures such as hydrated lime, loess and activated loess into the sludge produced from the water treatment process, Current disposal systems such as landfill, ocean dumping and incineration were compared with the sludge reuse through modification from the economical and environmental point of view. Cover soils requirement accounts for 20% of the total capacity of sanitary landfill. Environmental and economical benefits of sludge modification include decrease of treatment cost, procurement of cover soils and reduction of landfill area.

細菌性 內毒素가 培養中인 齒周組織細胞의 增殖과 Prostaglandin合成에 미치는 影響

이건복,이재현 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) obtained from Porphyromonas (Bacteroides)gingivalis on the proliferation and prostaglandin E_2 (PGE_2) synthesis of cultural gingival fibroblasts (GFB) and periodontal ligament cells (PDL). Gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells were obtained from the cultured periodontal tissues of the sound maxillary premolar which was extracted for the orthodontic purpose. The cellular proliferations were examined through the quantitive analysis of [^3H]-thymidine and the amounts of synthetic PGE_2 were checked by a radioimmuno assay kit (RIA) according to the specific concentrations of LPS. The results were as follows: 1. The cellular proliferations of GFB and PDL were significantly reduced to about 72% at the concentration of 10.0㎍/ml of LPS. 2. The releasing amounts of synthetic PGE_2 were significantly increased at 1.0 and 10.0㎍/ml of LPS in GFB, and 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0㎍/ml of LPS in PDL. 3. The releasing amounts of synthetic PGE_2 in PDL were substantially more than in GFB at each concentration of LPS. 4. The cellular proliferations were significantly inhibited by LPS in the early stage, and the amounts of synthetic PGE_2 had the tendency to increase during the time period.

고능률 소형 전자석에 의한 자왜 및 자기이방성 측정

이용호,신용돌,김병걸,민복기,송재성 全北大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學 Vol.17 No.-

자왜 또는 자기이방성의 측정에 사용되는 전사석의 여자전류를 측정에 필요한 수초간만 흘려서 에너지 소모 및 측정시의 최대난점인 시료의 온도변화의 문제를 극소화하였다. 따라서 전자석의 냉각장치는 생략되고 크기와 전원의 용량도 극소화되었다. 공기간격 22㎜, 자극의 단면적 40 × 25㎟에서 0.5 T의 자장발생에는 180 W의 전원으로 족하였다. 시료의 자왜와, 자기이방성에 의한 토크를 전기용량센서에 의하여 측정하여 10^-8의 자왜분해능과 1 nJ의 토크 분해능을 얻었다. 0.02× 0.8× 10㎟의 연자성 리본의 형상이방성을 이용하여 이방성 측정시의 토크값을 교정하였다. A high efficiency small electromagnet(22㎜ air gap and 40 × 25㎟ core's cross section) suitable for measuring magnetostriction and magnetic anisotropy was built. The magnet could be miniaturized by reducing the measuring space and time. The excitation current of the electromagnet was supplied for only a few second of small. An 0.5 T magnetic field was generated with 180 W power consumption. The values of magnetostriction and magnetic anisotropy were measured with a very sensitive capacitance cell with resolution of 10^-8 and 1 no. The torque was calibrated using a soft magnetic ribbon's shape anisotropy.

PC 상에서 On-line 한글 인식에 관한 연구

이재도,양승복,정수웅 대구보건대학 1994 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

In this paper, Using a Fuzzy theory an On-Line phoneme recognition procedure of Korean characters is studied. The recognition method is performed by reading the pixel coordinates, finding the feature points, recognizing the stroke, recognizing the phoneme in order. In the course of recognizing the stroke, first the feature points of an inputed stroke is characterized by starting point, end point, and bending point. and then, based on 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 stroke code among the recognized stroke the distance or direction between base stroke and the next input stroke is used for recognizing the phoneme

Cycle-Based 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용한 고장 시뮬레이터 구현

이홍기,이재훈,민형복 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 論文集 Vol.50 No.1

As IC design size increases, handling events generated by every gate evaluation in traditional event-driven simulation techniques have been more time-consuming. This complexity is same for fault simulation. In this thesis, we present a new fault simulation technique that uses cycle-based simulation concepts. This new fault simulator has been implemented by using cycle-based simulation techniques. Implemented fault simulator uses techniques that propagate single fault to a stem and gather propagated faults on the stem to make a packet of multiple faults. This packet is propagated from the stem to a primary output by evaluating gates in levelized order. Experiments have been performed on the ISCAS85 benchmark circuits to show efficiency of the implemented fault simulator. Experimental results show that our simulator runs 3.3 to 22.9 times faster than fault simulator using traditional event-driven simulation techniques.

안트라사이트 여과층의 역세척에서 초기 유동화에 관한 연구

이재복,임성진,김의재 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1998 環境硏報 Vol.8 No.1

Filtration is an essential unit process which are used not only to supply clean water but also to treat wastewater by physicochemical methods. Espoecially, the importance of granular filters is growing during the last two decades. While the filtration goes on, the medias. Especially, the importance of granular filters is growing during the last two decades. While the filtration goes on, the media removes suspended solids in the pore or on the surface of it, and then increased the pressure loss of the filter media are increasing, The bockwashing process is the most widely used method in which the washwater flows with high velocity. The objective of this study is to examine existing theoretical equation in relation to the washing efficiency of backwashing in multi-layer filter. And the bench scale experiment was performed for the comparison of the empirical and theoretical studies. By the results of the experimental data, the minimum fluidization velocity is 69.4m/hr and the porosity of the anthracite bed is 0.2043 in incipient fluidized stage, and it is investigated the property of various theoretical equation using in the minimum fluidized stage, and it is investigated the property of various theoretical equation using in the minimum fluidizing stage. After obtained the minimum fluidizing velocity from the experimental data, minimum fluidized velocity replaced 0.4 and was defined as the Ergun's equation for coarse particle than applied equation of the Kozeny-Carman for fine particles. The fluidization of the column begin at 1 which is the ratio of fluidzing velocity and pressure loss. When the superficial velocity is about 4, the fluidization comes from appearance of the minimum fluidization and it showed to reach 11.8 of the maximum pressure loss through fluidization. Until the incipient fluidization displayed, the pressure drop and the superficial fluidizing velocity was found linear as fluidizing velocity increased. The experimental result affirms the correspondency to Darcy's law which describes the flow of fluid at porous media.