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Should You Initiate Treatment with One or Two Bronchodilators?
( Claus F. Vogelmeier ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-
Guideline documents give conflicting recommendations how to initiate treatment in a newly diagnosed symtomatic COPD patient with no major exacerbation history: some recommend to start with a single long-acting bronchodilator (LAMA), some to start with a LAMA/LABA combination. There is evidence that many patients on mono-bronchodilator treatment are (still) highly symptomatic. Most studies that evaluated the efficacy of dual bronchodilators have been compromised by the concurrent use of ICS in a considerable part of the included patient population. The EMAX study is the first major prospective study testing the efficacy of LAMA/LABA versus monotherapies in patients without ICS. EMAX showed a consistent and sustained benefit of LAMA/ LABA (umeclidinium/vilanterol) over monotherapies including clinically important improvements in lung function versus monotherapies in both maintenance treated and maintenance naive subgroups. If patients do not improve with dual bronchodilator treatment, non-pharmacologic treatments and comorbidities have to be considered.
In vivo tracking of adipose tissue grafts with cadmium-telluride quantum dots
Claus J. Deglmann,Katarzyna Błażków-Schmalzbauer,Sarah Moorkamp,Jens Wallmichrath,Riccardo E. Giunta,Andrey L. Rogach,Ernst Wagner,Ruediger G. Baumeister,Manfred Ogris 대한성형외과학회 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.2
Background Fat grafting, or lipofilling, represent frequent clinically used entities. The fate of these transplants is still not predictable, whereas only few animal models are available for further research. Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals which can be conveniently tracked in vivo due to photoluminescence. Methods Fat grafts in cluster form were labeled with cadmium-telluride (CdTe)-QD 770 and transplanted subcutaneously in a murine in vivo model. Photoluminescence levels were serially followed in vivo. Results Tracing of fat grafts was possible for 50 days with CdTe-QD 770. The remaining photoluminescence was 4.9%±2.5% for the QDs marked fat grafts after 30 days and 4.2%± 1.7% after 50 days. There was no significant correlation in the relative course of the tracking signal, when vital fat transplants were compared to non-vital graft controls. Conclusions For the first-time fat grafts were tracked in vivo with CdTe-QDs. CdTe-QDs could offer a new option for in vivo tracking of fat grafts for at least 50 days, but do not document vitality of the grafts.
The Effect of Displaying Products in Their Usage Context - A Field Experimental Investigation -
Claus, Ebster,Wagner, Udo,Auzinger, Cora Korean Academy of Marketing Science 2007 마케팅과학연구 Vol.17 No.2
The widespread use of self-service concepts in retailing has resulted in increased attention to the design of retail environments and to stimuli operating at the point of sale. One such merchandising technique, the "bundled presentation", i.e., related products are presented in close proximity to each other, is widely used by retailers but has rarely been investigated by academic consumer researchers. This study presents the results of a field experiment into the effects of presenting products in their usage context. Customers' attitudes towards the same product displayed in different ways are compared with each other. The results show that related products, i.e., products that are used together, should be presented in a coordinated display. Furthermore, the bundled presentation enhanced consumers' attitudes of the product when they saw it first in a bundled presentation and then evaluated it in front of a traditional presentation.
Goals of COPD Treatment: Focus on Symptoms and Exacerbations
( Claus F. Vogelmeier ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-
The two clinical parameters that guide treatment in COPD patients are “symptoms” and “exacerbations”. In patients with symptoms only ㆍ many patients on mono-bronchodilator treatment are still symptomatic ㆍEMAX was the first major prospective study testing the efficacy of LAMA/LABA versus monotherapies in patients without ICS. EMAX showed consistent and sustained benefit of LAMA/LABA over monotherapies In patients with symptoms + exacerbations ㆍ + blood eosinophils >100/μl escalation to LAMA/LABA/ICS may improve symptoms, reduce exacerbations and mortality
Room-Temperature Stimulated Emission in ZnO: Doubts on Excitonic Lasing
Claus Klingshirn,Johannes Fallert,Robert Hauschild,Mario Hauser,Heinz Kalt,Huijuan Zhou 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5
Concerning stimulated emission, we discuss for ZnO the roles of excitonic processes and of re- combination in an inverted electron-hole plasma. While excitonic processes are well justied at lower temperatures and densities, doubts arise concerning the concept of excitonic lasing in ZnO at or even above room temperature. The densities at laser threshold and at room temperature are frequently at or above the Mott density, but below the density at which population inversion is reached. We suggest alternative processes in a non-inverted plasma.
CONTEXT EFFECTS OF FEAR-INDUCING PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS
Claus Ebster,Udo Wagner,Lisa Eberhardsteiner 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Recently, a television commercial by the Japanese tire manufacturer Autoway went viral on the Internet and received more than 3 million hits on YouTube. The advertisement, which depicts a car driver’s encounter with a grisly figure during a snowstorm, is preceded by a health warning: Not for the faint of heart. We shall not be liable for any injuries, illness, and damages claimed to be caused by watching the contents. The popularity of this commercial, which explicitly points to its fear-inducing message, attests to the fact that fear appeals in advertising can draw attention. An area where fear appeals are particularly prevalent is social marketing. According to Kotler, Roberto, and Lee (2002), social marketing can be used to improve health, prevent injuries, protect the environment, and promote community involvement. Many of these issues, e.g., cancer screening, seat belt use, environmental pollution, or organ donations, are linked to negative consequences based on the action or inaction of consumers, which consequently lend themselves to fear appeals in advertising. Fear has been used in social marketing campaigns for various issues, such as road safety (Transport Accident Commission, 2002) or smoking (DeJong & Hoffman, 2000), as it can enhance the effectiveness of advertising but also lead to unintended side effects (Hastings, Steed, & Webb, 2004). While the literature has focused on the effectiveness of fear appeals, the effect of scary advertisements or public service announcements on consumers’ perceptions of other commercials surrounding them has been often overlooked. Social marketers might successfully use fear appeals in public service announcements, but the same advertisements could have an adverse effect on the effectiveness of the commercials surrounding them. In this study, we will investigate the carryover effects of public service announcements using fear appeals. Specifically, the goal of this research is to study the effects of fear appeals on the evaluation of commercials that follow.The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. First, we will give an overview of the influence advertisers have on the scheduling of commercials. In the following section, the literature on advertising context effects is reviewed and a hypothesis regarding the effects of fear-inducing public service announcements on the evaluation of subsequent commercials is developed. After the methodology section, the results of a laboratory experiment testing the hypothesis are presented and discussed.