Feasibility of Preoperative FDG PET/CT Total Hepatic Glycolysis in the Remnant Liver for the Prediction of Postoperative Liver Function

Cho, A.,Chung, Y. E.,Choi, J. S. American Roentgen Ray Society 2017 American Journal of Roentgenology Vol.208 No.3

High prevalence of unrecognized cerebral infarcts in first‐ever stroke patients with cardioembolic sources

Cho, A.‐,H.,Kwon, S. U.,Kim, T.‐,W.,Lee, S.‐,J.,Shon, Y.‐,M.,Kim, B. S.,Yang, D. W. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 European Journal of Neurology Vol.16 No.7

<P><B>Background: </B> With magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, we investigated the prevalence, clinical significance, and factors related to the presence of unrecognized cerebral infarcts in patients with first‐ever ischaemic stroke.</P><P><B>Methods: </B> We consecutively included patients who were admitted with first‐ever stroke. Unrecognized cerebral infarct was defined as an ischaemic infarction or primary intracerebral hemorrhage on MRI irrelevant to the index stroke, without acute lesions on diffusion‐weighted image.</P><P><B>Results: </B> Of the total 203 patients, 78 (39.4%) patients were observed as having unrecognized cerebral infarct. Patients with high‐risk cardioembolic sources (e.g., atrial fibrillation) more frequently had unrecognized stroke than those without (<I>P</I> = 0.008, 21/36 [58.3%] vs. 57/167 [34.1%]). On univariate analysis, male sex (<I>P</I> = 0.027) and cardioembolic source (<I>P</I> = 0.008) were associated with the presence of unrecognized cerebral infarcts. After adjustment for gender, age and risk factors, the presence of cardioembolic sources independently increased the risk of unrecognized cerebral infarct (<I>P</I> = 0.002, odds ratio 3.56, 95% confidence interval 1.58–8.02). Regarding clinical outcome at 3 months, the presence of unrecognized cerebral infarct was not associated with the poor clinical outcome.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> In our study, the presence of cardioembolic sources was an independent risk factor for the unrecognized cerebral infarct in patients with first‐ever stroke.</P>

Effects of alkyl side chain and electron-withdrawing group on benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole–thiophene-based small molecules in organic photovoltaic cells

Cho, A.,Song, C. E.,Lee, S. K.,Shin, W. S.,Lim, E. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE - Vol.51 No.14

<P>A series of D-A-D type small molecules containing thiophene and benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole (BT) as electron-donating and electron-accepting units, respectively, were synthesized using palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions. The electron-accepting units of BT were modified with pyridyl nitrogen, a single fluorine atom, or two fluorine atoms to enhance their electron-withdrawing abilities, which resulted in DH5TPys, F-DH5TBs, or 2F-DH5TBs, respectively. The solubilizing hexyl groups were introduced at two different beta-positions (3- and 4-positions) on both ends of the thiophene rings. The optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of the small molecules varied, depending on the introduction of the electron-withdrawing substituents as well as the alkyl variation. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels of the small molecules were decreased by the increasing number of fluorine substituents; 4-substitution resulted in deeper HOMO energy levels than 3-substitution. 2F-DH5TB-4 had the lowest HOMO energy level of -5.49 eV. In the organic photovoltaic cells with the configuration ITO/PEDOT:PSS/small molecule:PC71BM/LiF/Al, 2F-DH5TB-4 showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.11 % owing to the lowest HOMO levels and thus increased the open-circuit voltage. However, two DH5TPys showed low PCEs of 0.20 % despite the deep HOMO energy levels and good UV absorption because of the protonation of pyridyl nitrogen with acidic PEDOT:PSS. In the inverted structure of ITO/ZnO/small molecule:PC71BM/MoO3/Ag, both DH5TPys showed improved PCE values of up to 1.16 %. The device performance of 2F-DH5TB-4 also improved in the inverted structure, showing the PCE of 1.27 %.</P>

Narrative Form, Unheimlich, and the Queer Subject in Jessica Hagedorn’s Dogeaters

( Choi¸ Cho A ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2018 영어권문화연구 Vol.11 No.1

This paper reveals that the disjunctive and cinematic narrative form of Jessica Hagedorn’s Dogeaters organically carves a politicoliteral space for its two principal narrators to show how they cope with the feeling of homelessness. The novel’s peripatetic narrative consists of first-person narrations, third-person narration, newspaper articles, president’s speech, quotes from a book, and an adapted version of prayer script. As Hagedorn reveals in the very beginning of the book, these accounts are neither entirely fictional nor factual. Dogeaters presents a space of quasi-reality that traverses the literal, political, and historical. For Rio Gonzaga, this space becomes a narratival space in which Rio re-arranges, edits, and re-formulates her memories of living in Manila to come to terms with her identity as a transnational migratory subject. During this process, Rio deliberately forgets or belies certain memories. It is Joey Sands who registers the sense of homelessness that Rio strenuously tries to eject. While Joey thinks that he may have found home in the material comforts afforded by performing his queerness, his body tells a different story. His body works as a medium through which Joey’s personal trauma and the Philippines’s national trauma settle in. Rio’s reconstructive and revisional storytelling needs Joey’s visceral body as a site of abjection where Rio’s unheimlich is textually discharged.

Self-Reflective Individual and Disciplinary Power in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

( Choi¸ Cho-a ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.3

This paper takes issue with the critical view of David Lurie, the protagonist in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace, as a sinner. It argues that David’s resistance is ultimately a cry for individual will and freedom, to keep his private sphere intact from the encroaching influence of the institutional power. The paper investigates how the prototype of institutional domination found in Catholicism is worked into the mechanism of the hearing. In doing so, the parallel between Roman Catholicism’s Sacrament of Penance, the purge of the intellectuals in Mao’s China, and the committee’s demands for David is examined. The ramifications of the hearing’s failure that question the effectiveness of the institutional disciplining of individuals are also explored. Reading David as a resistant hero hints at the possibility that the reconciliation of the history’s past and present, and the vision for a new-fangled future may begin with the distancing of the ruling consciousness from itself sans systematic or external intervention.

Saccbaromyces fragilis sp 를 利用한 알콜 醱酵乳 製造에 관한 硏究

趙佑衡 건국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.27 No.2

In order to development a new fermented milk, this experiment was carried out investigating of the pH, Viable cell count, Ethanol content inoculated with sacch, fragilis strain C1, C2 and C3 incubated at 30℃ for 10 days. The reuslts are follows. 1. The pH of the strain C1, C2 and C3 on the 10% recovered skim milk and facto milk for 10 days of culture decreased until 2th day and then increased steadly, and decreased again on the 10 th day. 2. The Viable cell count of the strain C1 and C2 on the 10% recovered skim milk increased until 10th day (3.51×1011, 4.36×1011), the strain C3 showed the highest on the 6th day (7.02×1010), While the strain C1 and C2 on the facto milk showed the highest on the 6th day (1.29×1011). 3. The Ethanol content of the strain C1, C2 and C3 of the 10% recovered skim milk and lacto milk showed the most on the 2th day and the strain C2 showed the most of 2.75% amount the strain C1, C2 and C3.

Kluyveromyces fragilis와 유산균의 혼합 Starter를 이용하여 제조한 알콜 발효유에 관한 연구

조좌형,김창한,한석현 건국대학교 동물자원연구센터 1993 動物資源硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구는 10% 환원 탈지유에 효모 K.fragilis와 유산균 Str. lactis 및 L. bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종시켜 30℃에서 7일간 발효시켜면서 산 생성량, 당 함량 변화, Amino태 질소함량 변화, CO₂생성량, 알콜 생성량, 유산균 및 효모수, 각 조성분의 변화를 검토하였는바 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) K.fragilis와 L.bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종하여 알콜 발효유를 제조하였을 경우가 K.fragilis와 Str.lactis의 혼합 starter를 접종하였을 때보다 산 생성량이 현저하게 높았으며, starter의 첨가량에 따른 산 생성량에 있어서 발효 초기에 약간의 차이를 보였으나 그 이후에는 거의 변화가 없었다. 2) 유산균과 효모의 starter 첨가량에 따른 당함량 변화는 각 시험구 모두 발효 36시간까지 급속히 감소하였다. 3) Amino태 질소량은 발효 7일까지 서서히 증가되었으나 그 이후는 감소하였다. 4) CO₂생성량은 K.fragilis와 Str.lactis의 혼합 starter를 이용하였을 경우가 K.fragilis와 L.bularicus은 혼합 starger를 이용하였을 때보다 현저하게 많았다. 5) 알콜 생성량에 있어서 5%와 2%의 K.fragilis starter를 접종하였을 경우 발효 36∼48시간까지는 상당한 차이를 나타내었으며, 발효 72시간째에는 알콜 생성이 거의 완료되었다. 6) 알콜 발효유의 유산균수는 Str. lactis starter를 접종하였을 때가 L. bulagricus starter를 접종하였을 때보다 약간 많았으나 발효 6일째는 모두 유산균수가 10³/ml 정도였다. 7) 알콜 발효유의 효모수는 발효 48시간까지 증가한 후 점차 감소하였고, 혼합 starter의 접종량간의 차이는 거의 없었다. 8) 조성분중 조단백질 함량은 발효중기(발효 72시간)에 약간 감소하였으나 발효가 종료된 7일째는 발효 시작때와 거의 같았고, 조지방 함량은 K.fragilis와 L.bulgaricus의 혼합 starter를 접종하였을 경우가 현저하게 증가하였고, 총고형분은 발효가 진행되면서 점차 감소하였으며, 조회분은 발효기간중 거의 변화가 없었다. Changes of acidity, sugar content, amino nitrogen content, CO₂gas, ethanol content, lactic acid bacteria, yeast cell count and chemical composition were investigated to elucidate on the characteristics of alcohol fermentd milk with mixed starter of Kluyveromyces fragilis and lactic acid bacteria incubated at 30˚C for 7 days. The titratable acidity were significantly hihger on the mixed starter with K.fragilis and L. bulgaricus than on the mixed started K. fragilis and Str. lactis. And it showed a little deference at the begining of fermentation according to the quantities of lactic acid bacteria and yeast which were added, but after that showed no more deference. Changes of sugar content by the quantities of lactic acid bacteria and yeast were quickly made up fermentation within 36 hours. The amino-nitrogen content were gradually increased untill 7th day in alcohol fermented milk, but it gradually decreased after that. The CO₂gas of K.fragilis which had sugar as an increasing source of fermentation was noticeably higher in the mixed starter of K. fragilis and Str. lactis than that of K.fragilis and L. bularicus. The ethanol content in alcohol fermented milk was significantly untill 36∼48 hours of fermentation by adding 2% and 5% of yeast. The lactic acid bacteria counted on the BCP agar in addition of Str.lactis has a little more lactic acid bacteria than L. bulgaricus, but they ceased to exist at the 6th day of fermentation. The number of yeast cells were counted in YM agar, that was increased within 48 hours of fermentation, and decreased gradually after that, and it showes little deference even by the adding quantities. The protein was decreased a little during the fermentation. At the last 7th day of fermentation, the amount of protein was the same as initial one. The fat was significantly increased in the mixed started of K.fragilis and L.bulgaricus. The total solid matter was gradually decreased during the fermentation, and the ash showed little change during the fermentation.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Color Characteristics and Biological Activities of Ethanol Extract of Lonicera japonica

Choa Hyoung Cho,Tae Woog Jeon,Myung Kon Kim 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.1

Effects of gamma irradiation on color characteristic and biological activities of ethanol extract of Lonicera japonica irradiated at 0, 10, 20, and 30 kGy were investigated. Hunter color L*- and a*-value increased by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in lighter color than the nonirradiated, whereas Hunter color b*-value decreased with increasing irradiation dosage (p <0.05). The L. japonica extract showed inhibition effects against tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, and nitrite-scavenging ability. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of L. japonica was higher in the gamma-irradiated sample than in the nonirradiated sample,and the effect was increased by increasing irradiation dosages. The L. japonica extracts had a higher inhibitory effect against xanthine oxidase, and the effect was not greatly changed by irradiation. Nitrite-scavenging activity was the highest in L. japonica extract at pH 1.2. Overall, the gamma irradiation may not greatly influence the xanthine oxidase inhibition effect and nitrite-scavenging ability of the L. japonica extract, except for the tyrosinase inhibition effect when irradiated up to 30 kGy.

Processing and Mechanical/Electronical Properties of Oxide Based Nanocomposites

Choa,Yong-Ho,Niihara,Koichi 국립경상대학교 공과대학 부설 첨단소재연구소 1997 尖端素材 Vol.7 No.-

Application of Nanocomposites .Micro / Nano-type: Inter type, Intra type Structural Ceramic Materials; Alumina/SiC, MgO/SiC, Silicon Nitride/SiC etc. Electronic Ceramic Materials; Zirconia/SiC, ZnO/NiO, BaTiO₃/NiO or SiC Magnetic Materials; Alumina/Ni, Alumina/Co,Alumina/SmCo? MgO/PbTiO₃etc. .Nano / Nano-Type: Superplastic Materials; Silicon Nitride/SiC, Zirconia/Alumina etc. Electronic Ceramic Materials; Ag/ZnO?? Magnetic Materials; Ag /Fe₂O₃ as a Functional Materials

Effect of Powder Synthesis Processing on the Microstructure and Electrical Conductivity of Sintered Nanocomposites

Choa Yong-Ho,Yoo Seung-Hwa,Yang Jae-Kyo,Park Jin-Woo,Oh Sung-Tag,Kang Kae-Myung,Kang Sung-Goon 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

The microstructure and electrical conductivity of CNTs dispersed nanocomposites depending on the powder processing and CNTs content were demonstrated. The composite powders with homogeneous dispersion of CNTs could be synthesized by a catalytic route for direct formation of CNTs on nano-sized Fe dispersed powders. The sintered nanocomposite using the composite powder with directly synthesized CNTs showed homogeneous microstructure and enhanced elelctrical conductivity. The influence of powder processing on the properties of sintered nanocomposites was discussed by the observed microstructural features.