요추 추간판탈출증 수술 후 임상 증상의 회복

신병준,김준범,조영훈,권희,서유성,김연일,나수균,최창욱 대한척추외과학회 1997 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Study Design : The authors retrospectively analysed the recovery of clinical symptoms after surgical treatment of lumbar HIVD. Objectives : To investigate the incidence of clinical symptoms, the recovery rate and time after surgical treatment and the difference between L4-5 and L5-S1 lesion. Summary of Literature Review : There are many reports concerning the clinical result of surgical treatment for the HIVD. They usually describe the result as excellent, good, fair and poor. We can't get any information about the recovery rate and recovery time of each clinical symptom from the reports. Materials and Methods : Thirty-eight patients were treated by one level open discectomy from march 1991 to december 1995. The clinical symptoms and signs including SLR, motor deficit, sensory deficit, change of DTR and severity of radiating pain were periodically followed up on the predesigned protocol, Results : In preoperative examination, SLR was positive in 82%, motor deficit in 76%, sensory deficit in 74%, DTR change in 50%, and radiating pain in 100%. The recovery rate of SLR was 96.8%, motor deficit ; 93.6%, sensory deficit ; 78.6%, DTR change ; 21 % and radiating pain ; 84.2%. The average recovery time of SLR was 3.4 months, motor deficit ; 1.9 months, sensory deficit ; 5.3 months, DTR change ; 4.1 months and radiating pain ; 3.2 months. Motor and sensory deficit was more frequent in L4-5 lesion but DTR change was usually noted in L5-S] lesion. The recovery rate and time showed no great difference between the two level. Conclusions : The recovery rate was higher in SLR, motor deficit and radiating pain rather than sensory deficit and DTR change. The recovery time was fastest in radiating pain but variable nature was noted in sensory deficit. Above results may be helpful to explain the prognosis of the lumbar HIVD.

Cerebral vascular burden on hippocampal subfields in first-onset drug-naïve subjects with late-onset depression

Choi, Woo Hee,Jung, Won Sang,Um, Yoo Hyun,Lee, Chang Uk,Park, Young Ha,Lim, Hyun Kook Elsevier 2017 Journal of affective disorders Vol.208 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Although there is substantial evidence of associations between frontal-striatal circuits and cerebral vascular burden in late-onset depression (LOD), relationships between vascular burden and hippocampal subfields are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between cerebral vascular burden and hippocampal subfield volume in LOD patients.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Fifty subjects with LOD and 50 group-matched healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Hippocampal subfields volumes were measured and compared between the groups. In addition, association patterns between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, clinical measures and hippocampal subfield volumes were investigated in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Subjects with LOD exhibited significant hippocampal volume reductions in the total hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and 3 and dentate gyrus (DG) areas compared with healthy subjects. Total WMH volume was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Limitation</B></P> <P>Our findings of distinctive relationships between WMH and hippocampal subfields demonstrate a simple correlation, but do not prove causation</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. These structural changes in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG areas might be at the core of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of hippocampal dysfunction in LOD. However, longitudinal studies will be needed to identify the mechanisms of these structural changes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. </LI> <LI> White matter hyperintensity was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. </LI> <LI> In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group. </LI> </UL> </P>

출산에 따른 그레이브스병의 재발 및 관련이자

임창훈,최현아,한승석,김해성,이창욱,정호연,한기옥,장학철,박원근,윤현구,한인권 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.2

Background: Pregnancy affects the course of Graves' Disease (GD), and patients who initially maintain euthyroid function into their middle trimester with minimum doses of antithyroid drugs become exacerbated after delivery. Even patients who are completely cured, requiring no treatment during pregnancy, can relapse after delivery. In this study, we examined the postpartum changes in the thyroid functions of patients with GD, and attempted to determine the factors contributing to these changes. Methods: The study subjects were recruited from pregnant women visiting our outpatient clinic for routine prenatal evaluations. 45 women previously diagnosed with GD, who had been treated and cured with hyperthyroidism, and were no longer taking any thyroid medications, were evaluated for 1 year post delivery. Results: Among 45 patients, 20 (44.4%) developed thyroid disorders following delivery. Postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) developed in 8 patients (17.8%), and GD developed in 12 (26.0%). The onset of the PPT disease 3.1 ± 1.4 months following delivery, which was significantly earlier than the 6.7 ± 2.7 months required for the post delivery onset of GD (p=0.003). The TBII values, measured during the thyrotoxic state in each womaen, were negative in women with PPT and positive in 71.4% of women with GD (p=0.030). The duration of treatment for hyperthyroidism prior or pregnancy, the number of recurrences, and the time interval without treatment, were not associated with the development of postpartum thyroid disorders. Whereas, the mean number of past pregnancies for women who developed PPT was 3.9 ± 2.1, and was significantly higher than the 2.2 ± 1.7 for women developing no thyroid dysfunctions (p=0.044). In 13 women their initial onset of GD occurred within one year postpartum, 7 (53.8%) having had a recurrence, which was significantly higher than in women whose disease onset occurred unrelated to delivery (5 of 32 women: 15.6%). Conclusion: Women with GD developed postpartum thyroid dysfunctions in 44.4% of cases. Women whose initial disease onset occurred within one year postpartum had higher recurrences of GD, and women who developed PPT had a history of higher gravidity compared to the euthyroid women postpartum. Therefore, if women with GD develop postpartum thyroid dysfunctions, the diagnosis should be made, and a treatment modality planned, following careful considerations of the patients' past obstetric history, changes in clinical manifestations and the TBII values

알츠하이머병 환자의 전반적 피질 위축, 내측두엽 위축, 백질 고강도 신호와 인지기능의 연관성

최린,주수현,이창욱,백인호,Choi, Leen,Joo, Soo-Hyun,Lee, Chang-Uk,Paik, In-Ho 대한생물정신의학회 2015 생물정신의학 Vol.22 No.3

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between degenerative changes in brain [i.e., global cortical atrophy (GCA), medial temporal atrophy (MTA), white matter hyperintensities (WMH)] and neurocognitive dysfunction in Korean patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods A total of 62 elderly subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease were included in this study. The degenerative changes in brain MRI were rated with standardized visual rating scales (GCA or global cortical atrophy, MTA or medial temporal atrophy, and Fazekas scales) and the subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of degeneration for each scale. Cognitive function was evaluated with Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-K) and several clinical features, including apolipoprotein E ${\varepsilon}4$ status, lipid profile and thyroid hormones, were also examined. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of cerebral degeneration and neurocognitive functions. Results Demographic and clinical features, except for the age, did not show any significant difference between the two groups divided according to the degree of cerebral degenerative changes. However, higher degree of GCA was shown to be associated with poorer performance in verbal fluency test, word list recall test, and word list recognition test. Higher degree of MTA was shown to be associated with poorer performance in Mini-Mental State Examination in the Korean Version of CERAD Assessment Packet (MMSE-KC), word list recognition test and construction praxis recall test. Higher degree of white matter hyperintensities was shown to be associated with poorer performance in MMSE-KC. Conclusions Our results suggest that severe brain degeneration shown in MRI is associated with significantly poorer performance in neurocognitive tests in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the degree of GCA, MTA and white matter hyperintensities, represented by scores from different visual rating scales, seems to affect certain neurocognitive domains each, which would provide useful information in clinical settings.

Isoproterenol이 심근에 미치는 영향에 대한 광학 및 전자현미경적 연구 : Light and Electron Microscopic Study

최창욱,김호덕,라봉진 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1984 中央醫大誌 Vol.9 No.3

For the study, twenty young rats of Wistar strain, weighing approximately 250gm, were sacrificed. For the experimental group, 8 ㎎ of isoproterenol HCI(1­/3',4'­dihydroxyphenyl/­2­isopropylaminoethanol hydrochloride) per 100gm of body weight was administered for the frequency of two times subcutaneously at intervals of 24 hours, and extraction of the hearts of the experimental animals were performed under ether anesthesia 24 hours after the second injection of isoproterenol. After extraction, the volume of each heart was measured by the Archimedes principle, and the wet weight of that was also measured. Paraffin sections of the heart tissue fixed with 10% neutral fromalin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for routine study, and those fixed with absolute ethanol with von Kossa staining for histochemical study of calcium ion. Stained section were examined under light microscope. For electron microscopic study, the remainder part of the heart tissue was cut into one mm^3 in size, and was fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.2M phosphate buffer, pH7.4 and post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide in 0.2M phosphate buffer, pH7.4. After dehydration with ascending alcohols from 70% and resin infiltration, each tissue specimen was embedded into epon 812. Ultrathin sections were stianed with 4% uranyl acetate and lead citrate and were examined under JEOL200-CX transmission electron microscope. The results obtained were as follows: 1. There was a significant increase in the weight of heart of the experimental group. 2. The major site of injury was the left ventricle, especially the apex of the experimental group. 3. In the experimental group, there was widespread inflammatory cell infiltration, swelling of myocardial fibers and focal wavy appearance of them in the myocardium of the left ventricle including apex. 4. In the experimental group, there was widespread calcium ion deposit in the myocardium. 5. By electron microscopic study, there was loss glycogen granules, mitochondrial swelling, destruction of mitochondrial cristae, and infiltration of macrophages at the margin of inflummed area of myocardium of affected area.

LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3 입자가 분산된 Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 composite의 합성 연구

최창원,권영욱 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.-

강자성특성의 LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3가 분산된 Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 composite을 합성하여 합성 조건과 조성이 물성에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. composite을 합성하기 위하여 LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3을 PVA를 이용한 sol-gel 방법으로 먼저 합성한 후 이를 다시 Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3의 PVA를 gel에 분산시켜 Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 전구체를 LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3 입자 표면에 코팅하는 방법을 사용하였다. 이 혼합전구체의 최종 소결을 1300℃ 수행하면 금속 원소가 균일하게 섞인 단일상을 얻게 된다. 소결 조건을 1000℃에서 2시간한 시료에서는 원하는 두 화합물의 composite에 근사한 물질을 얻게 되는데, 여전히 부분적으로 확산 반응이 일어나고 있음을 알았다. Syntheses of composites of Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 with dispersed ferromagnetic LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3 particles were attempted by varying reaction conditions and compositions. The composite syntheses were perfomed by dispersing preformed LaMn_0.5Ni_0.5O_3 particles in PVA sol-gel solution for Pr_0.5Ca_0.5MnO_3 When the precursor mixture was sintered at 1300℃, the component metal atoms mixed completely to form single phases. When the sintering reactions were carried out at milder condition of 1000℃ for 2hr, the two component phases were present almost intact in the final product. However, detailed studies on the physical property measurement indicates that there is a certain degree of interdiffusion between the two phases in the latter treatment.

중소기업 IT활용실태 및 도입전략에 관한 연구

최윤홍,임창국 호남대학교 2005 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.26 No.1

To eliminate the gap of information depending on the scale of businesses and to make information small-to-medium sized business to strengthen competition power, it is required for small-to-medium sized businesses to drive the strategy of clarifying the objectives of IT application on increasing the value of businesses, lifting productivity beyond cost reduction, developing new products or services or finding a new business opportunities. Big sized businesses have reached the higher level of IT application and higher percentages of businesses have responded that their sales have increased after that. When examined in terms of the objectives of IT application regardless of the scale of business, the businesses which set the objectives on lifting the productivity and increasing the value of the business have reached higher level of IT application than those whose objectives are to cost reduction. When IT-supported business strategy is defined as increasing the efficiency of the business or as cost reduction, and when businesses by developing new business model including the increase of business efficiency or cost reduction through IT application, to introduce effective IT to small-medium business, first they have to clarity the objective of IT application, which requires to create new products or services pioneer new business and to drive business-driven IT pursuing the increase of company value.

GFRP 보강근을 사용한 콘크리트 프리즘의 직접인장실험

최동욱,이창호,하상수 한경대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.37 No.-

Uniaxial test of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bar reinforced concrete prisms in tension was performed. The objective was to investigate the minimum cover thickness required for the GFRP bars to develop the full rupture strength in tension without developing splitting cracks in concrete. The test variables were bar types (conventional deformed steel rebar and two different GFRP bars) and cover thicknesses (five different clear cover thicknesses ranging between 1 - 3 d_(b)). A total of 15 tests were completed. Normal strength concrete (f_(cu)) = 30.1 MPa) was used. Cracks that appeared on concrete faces were carefully monitored during test and the first cracking loads (both transverse and splitting) were determined. Test results indicated that the adequate cover thickness required for the GFRP bars may be larger than 2 d_(b) while the cover thickness of 2 d_(b) or larger is recommended in ACI 440 committee report. The first split cracking load consistently increased with increasing cover thickness in tests of conventional deformed steel rebars as expected. Such clear tendency was never observed in tests of the GFRP bars indicating possible existence of significant stress being developed in the radial direction, thus causing the concrete splitting to occur.

재래시장 운영 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 : -순천 중앙시장을 대상으로-

최윤홍,임창욱 호남대학교 2007 학술논문집 Vol.28 No.1

A conventional market of korea doesn't only have spatial function that is for our people to buy and sell as a ground of living but also a function that is economic, social, political and cultural function. Moreover, a conventional market is situated in the geographical center as a no deofa local development and we have understood importance that it is the hear to flocally economic activation as the power of local economy in the past and it is place for people too pe rate their living until the present. But Distribution industry structure and purchasing action of consumers have repeated a lot of the aspect of our society develop and change rapidly recently. Conventional market shave adjusted in their own way in this change but they can't try to find more strategic and more synthetic confronting strategy and continuation of conventional markets is in a difficult circumstance realistically according to advent of big distribution enterprises and new retail forms. Recently, the government, laboratory, local self-government, trade-people and commercial organization of everyplace study and stir actively for activation of conventional market. Form now on, it has to be based on participation of private enterprise and government and we will have to grope plan can maintain and develop appear an ces of traditional market.

脛骨骨折의 經皮金屬釘 및 石膏固定

崔昌郁,金學賢 순천향의과대학 1978 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

There are few fractures arouse more controversy in their therapeutic principles as tibial fractures. The method of treatment have change almost from decade to decade, swings of opinion from the closed method of the 1930~40's to the more use of open reduction in 1950~60's These somewhat totalitarian approach appear to have become aware of the hazards and many authors,recently,recommend some form of conservative treatment but would always be prepared to resort to internal fixation in specific situation. As always when there is the choice of treatment ,none of them are completely ideal as a routine method-every fracture has an individual problem-considerration must be given not only to local factors but also to the patient's general condition and socioeconomic states. Consequently, there is always a place for conservative as well as operative means. Roughly there are three degrees of fixation appropriate to different types of fractures : rigid intenal fixation, approximate fixation and casual fixation. The transfixing-pins method is probably a compromise maneuver between rigid and appoximate fixation. We report our experiences with transfixing-pins method for 32 tibial shaft fractures, consisted Kirschner wire of Steinmann pins through the tibia, closed trduction of the fracture and incorporation of the wires or pins into plaster-of-Paris cast. 1. This is a compromise method of internal fixation yet eliminated the risk of open teduction. 2. It prevented excessive shortening and angulation in unstable fracture, and if after the initial reduction shows some residual angulation , wedging cast may resolve it.