송이 균환내 토양수분의 시공간적 변화

구창덕 ( Gu Chang Deog ),김재수 ( Kim Jae Su ),이상희 ( Lee Sang Hui ),박재인 ( Park Jae In ),안광태 ( An Gwang Tae ) 한국산림과학회 2003 한국산림과학회지 Vol.92 No.6

Water is critically important for Tricholoma matsutake(Tm) growth because it is the major component of the mushroom by over 90%. The mushroom absorbs water through the below ground hyphal colony. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to investigate spatio-temporal water changes in Tm colonies. This study was carried out at Tm fruiting sites in Sogni Mt National Park, where the below-ground fairy-ring colonies have been irrigated. To identify spatial water status within the Tm soil colony soil moisture and ergosterol content were measured at six positions including a mushroom fruiting position on the line of the colony radius. To investigate temporal soil moisture changes in the soil colony, Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR) sensors were established at the non-colony and colony front edge, and water data were recorded with CRlOX data logger from late August to late October. Before irrigation, whereas it was 12.8% at non-colony, the soil water content within Tm colony was 8.0% at 0-5cm from the colony front edge, 6.2% at 10-15cm and 6.5-7.5% at 20-40cm. And the content was 12.1% at 80cm distance from the colony edge, which is similar to that at the non-colony. In contrast, ergosterol content which is proportional to the live hyphal biomass was only 0.4pg/g fresh soil at the uncolonized soil, while 4.9 ㎍/g fresh soil at the front edge where the hyphae actively grow, and 3.8 .㎍/g fresh soil at the fruiting position, l.l ㎍/g at 20cm distance and 0.4㎍/g in the 40cm rear area. Generally, in the Tm fungal colony the water content changes were reversed to the ergosterol content changes. While the site was watered during August to October, the soil water contents were 13.5-23.0% within the fungal colony, whereas it was 14.5-26.0% at the non-colony. That is, soil water content in the colony was lower by 1.0-3.0% than that in the non-colonized soil. Our results show that Tm colony consumes more soil water than other parts. Especially the front 30cm within the hyphal colony parts is more critical for soil water absorption.

Synergistic Improvement in Insulin Resistance with a Combination of Fenofibrate and Rosiglitazone in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Choi, Woon-Seok,Lee, Jung-Jin,Kim, Yo-Han,Kim, In-Su,Zhang, Wei-Yun,Myung, Chang-Seon 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.4

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ${\alpha}$, which is abundant in the liver, increases lipoprotein lipase activity, resulting in a decrease of triglyceride (TG) levels. $PPAR{\gamma}$, which is abundant in adipose tissue, stimulates adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis, and results in an increase in insulin sensitivity. Fenofibrate, a $PPAR{\alpha}$ agonist, is commonly used to treat dyslipidemia, and rosiglitazone, a $PPAR{\gamma}$ agonist, is effective in improving glycemic control. To examine the synergistic effects of rosiglitazone in combination with fenofibrate, an obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mouse model was established by the combined administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide and fed on a high-fat diet (35% of energy as fat) for 3 weeks. The mice had significantly higher plasma glucose concentrations and insulin resistance, as examined by an oral glucose tolerance test and insulin challenge test compared with normal mice. After establishing a dose-response curve for each drug, the drugs were orally administered for 3 weeks either alone or in combination. After individual administration of fenofibrate, HDL cholesterol levels significantly increased, and plasma glucose and TG levels decreased in obese type 2 DM mice. The individual administration of rosiglitazone showed increased insulin resistance (QUICKI). However, HDL cholesterol and TG levels were not significantly changed. In a combination of fenofibrate at 25 mg/kg and rosiglitazone at 1.25 mg/kg there was a decrease in plasma glucose and TG levels, and a combination of fenofibrate at 50 mg/kg and rosiglitazone at 2.5 mg/kg showed an increase in plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Moreover, parameters related to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) were improved significantly. Thus, our results show that combination therapy with lower doses of fenofibrate and rosiglitazone ameliorates the type 2 DM condition to a greater extent than high doses of either individual monotherapy.

래칭 릴레이의 온도에 따른 동작 특성 변화

류재만,진인영,허창수,Ryu, Jae-Man,Jin, In-Young,Huh, Chang-Su 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.30 No.8

Electrical relay in an essential part of smart grids, electrical vehicles, and LED lightning systems. Therefore, studying relay reliability is important. Relays using permanent magnet actuators (PMAs), which are energy efficient, are also in the spotlight. However, most of the permanent magnets used in PMAs have a characteristic wherein the magnetic flux decreases as the temperature increases. When the magnetic flux is reduced, the force acting on the actuator is reduced. Therefore, in this study, we measured the decrease in the relay operating speed with permanent magnet reduction due to temperature rise. In addition, changes in the bouncing phenomena due to magnetic flux reduction were analyzed. As a result, the operating speed of the relay has decreased and the bouncing phenomenon has not significantly changed.

한ㆍ일 도시가스산업의 생산성 비교분석

최인수(In Su Choi),도범성(Bum Sung Do),박창수(Chang Soo Park),박중구(Jung Gu Park) 한국가스학회 2009 한국가스학회지 Vol.13 No.2

본고는 21세기 들어 고유가와 기후변화협약에 대응하여 중요성이 더해지고 있는 한국과 일본의 도시가스기업의 생산성을 분석하였다. 맘퀴스트 생산성 지수(Malmquist Productivity Index: MPI)를 통해 1997년부터 2005년까지 한국 30개, 일본 5개 기업들의 재무제표를 활용하여 기간 전체로, 그리고 수요의 구조변화를 나타내었던 2000년을 기준으로 이전과 이후의 생산성을 평가하였다. 분석의 결과, 첫째, 1996년~2005년 전체 기간의 MPI 누적지수에서 한국의 도시가스산업이 일본보다 상위에 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 기간별로 본 MPI 개선효과는 일본의 경우 1997~2000년 동안 -1.03%에서 2001~2005년 동안에는 -1.72%로 근소한 차이를 나타낸 반면, 한국의 경우에는 전반기 0.37%(금융외환위기를 경험한 98년 제외시 0.80%)이었지만 후반기에 -0.60%로 악화된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 후반기 한국의 MPI 악화는 기술적 효율성 지수보다는 기술변화 지수가 전반기 -0.88%(98년 제외시 0.29%)에서 후반기 -1.29%로 크게 악화된 것에 기인하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 따라 한국의 도시가스사업은 2001년 이후 악화되고 있는 생산성 증가율과 악화의 요인이 되고 있는 기술변화를 개선하는 정책적 노력이 필요하다. This article makes a comparative analysis on the productivity in gas distribution industry between Korea and Japan, using Malmquist productivity index(MPI). The estimated MPI during 1997~2005 shows that the productivity of Korean gas distribution industry has been generally higher than that of Japanese gas distribution industry. But Korean MPI made a drastic change from positive improvement (+ 0.37) during 1997~2000 to severe deterioration (-0.60) during 2001~2005, while Japan MPI has seldom changed. This change of Korean MPI is analyzed to result from the worsening of technical change rather than technical efficiency change. According to this result, Korean gas distribution industry needs to improve the technical change.

국내 송이산업이 당면한 문제

具昌德,金載水,朴在仁 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2001 農業科學硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Pine mushroom (Songyi, Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito et Imai) Sing.) industry in Korea has confronted with several difficulties in the light of marketing, i.e. its supply quantity, quality, price and promotion. In this essay we discussed the problems with four topics related to the mushroom: long term decreasing production by 7% per year, relatively dropping quality and prices in changing Japanese markets that import the mushroom from 11 contries and needed promotion. For these, we suggest first that pine mushroom production forests be managed on a sustainable basis in the present production sites. Second, harvesting and packing need to be done at the production sites so that its quality may not be damaged. Third, it should be understood that pine mushroom markets in Japan have been greatly changed. That is, Korea supply only 10% of Japanese pine mushroom impact. Forth, our own brand names for pine mushroom need to be developed. For solve these problems our critical and creative efforts and needed.

정신분열병 환자에서 얼굴 영상의 작동기억 장애 : 기능자기공명영상연구

이창욱,김태석,주라형,박주미,박여진,김종진,전신수,배치운,김정진,이수정,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : Impaired processing of facial information is one of the broad ranges of cognitive deficits seen in patients with Schi-zophrenia. We aimed to elucidate the differences in brain activities involved in the process of facial working memory between schizophrenic patients and healthy comparison subjects. Methods : Twelve patients with schizophrenia were recruited along with twelve demographically matched healthy volunteers as a comparison group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess cortical activities during the Perfor-mance of a 2-back working memory paradigm using images of neutral faces as mnemonic content. Rcsults : The patient group performed the tasks with reduced accuracy. Group analysis revealed that the left fusiform gyrus, the right superior frontal gyrus, the bilateral middle frontal gyri/insula, the left middle temporal gyrus, the precuneus, the quadrangular lobules and the vermis of cerebellum showed decreased cortical activities in the patient group. On the other hand, an increased level of activation in the lateral prefrontal cortex and the pahetal lobule was observed from the patient group, all in the right hemisphere. Conulusion : A decreased level of activity in the left fusiform gyrus among the patient group implicates inefficient processing of facial information. An increased level of activation in prefrontal and parietal neural networks from the patient group confirms earlier findings on the impaired working memory of patients with schizophrenia.

Wechsler 記憶檢査(改訂版)의 妥當度 硏究

韓五洙,柳希姃,金晟倫,金昌潤,李楨敎,李哲,朴仁鎬 서울醫大 1997 精神醫學 Vol.22 No.1

Low-level Green and Red Laser Treatment of Shaochong (HT9)·Dadun (LR1) and Shaohai (HT3)·Yingu (KI10) Acupoints in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Na, Chang-Su,Kim, Wang-In,Jang, Ho-Sun,Youn, Dae-Hwan,Moon, Young-Min,Jeong, Sung-Ho,Cheon, Min-Woo The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.2

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has facilitated an improvement in acupuncture treatment. In this study, we stimulated Shaochong (HT9), Dadun (LR1), Shaohai (HT3), and Yingu (KI10) acupoints with pulsed laser diodes 532 nm [green laser] and 658 nm [red laser] in rats with induced middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). The animals were divided into 6 groups: intact control; MCAO control without LLLT; LLLT with red laser at HT9·LR1 and HT3·KI10 (RR); LLLT with green laser at HT9·LR1 and HT3·KI10 (GG); LLLT with green laser at HT9·LR1 and red laser at HT3·KI10 (GR); and LLLT with red laser at HT9·LR1 and green laser at HT3·KI10 (RG). We evaluated the immunohistochemical changes in the hippocampal CA1 region, and complete blood count changes. Compared to the MCAO control group, the RG group showed a significant decrease in Bax and cytochrome c levels in the hippocampus, and a significant increase in hemoglobin level, hematocrit, total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and erythrocyte counts.

랫드에서 쌍화탕의 급성독성에 관한 연구

김수정 ( Su Jeong Kim ),이미영 ( Mee Young Lee ),신인식 ( In Sik Shin ),서창섭 ( Chang Seob Seo ),하혜경 ( Hye Kyung Ha ),허정임 ( Jung Im Huh ),신현규 ( Hyeun Kyoo Shin ) 대한본초학회 2011 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity and safety of Ssanghwa-tang (Shuanhetang in Chinese, Sou-wa-to in Japanese) in Crl: CD Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat though the current regulatory guideline. Methods: In this study, 10 rats of each sex were randomly assigned to two groups of 5 rats each and were administrated singly by gavage at dose levels of 0 and 2000 mg/kg/day of ssanghwa-tang water extract (SHT). After single administration of SHT, mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, gross findings were observed for the 15-day period. Results: Acute toxicity tests revealed that a single oral administration of SHT at dose levels of 2000 mg/kg did not affect clinical signs, body weight, and gross findings, evaluating the safety of SHT. The SHT treatment did not result in any toxicologically significant changes in mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes. Conclusions: These results showed that the single oral administration of SHT did not cause any toxic effect at the dose levels of 2000 mg/kg/day in rats. In conclusion, the median lethal dose (LD50) of SHT was considered to be over 2000 mg/kg/day body for both sexes.

측두엽간질 환자에서 보이는 정신병리의 특성

김창윤,이철,안준호,박인호,한오수 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.2

The diagnostic tools and treatment modalities for epilepsies are growing in recent years. Therefore many investigators are studying the relationship of ipilepsy and psychopathology. These efforts are not only for the understanding of and therapeutic approach to psychiatric disorder in epileptic patients but also seeking the etiological basis of psychopathologies. Method 45 patients who were diagnosed as temporal lobe epilepsy by brain MRI and EEG etc were investigated, and offered psychiatric diagnosis. Also we took detailed psychiatric histories and investigated the characteristic features of psychiatric disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy. We evaluated several variables, i.e., age, sex, duration of epilepsy, age at first seizure, age at onset of epilepsy, time between first seizure and onset of epilepsy, seizure frequency, history of febrile convulsions, history of clustering seizures, and laterality of focus of these 45 subjects. Futher investigations divided 45 subjects into a group without psychiatric disorder, a group with mood disorder and a group with psychotic disorder. And we compared those variables among these 3 groups. Among 45 subjects, nine were diagnosed as psychotic disorders, five were mood disorders, and two were anxiety disorders. Among 9 subjects with psychotic disorders, six were diagnosed as psychotic disorder NOS, and the other three were schizophrenia. And they manifested unique clinical features in relations to epileptic seizures. Among 5 subjects with mood disorders, 4 subjects were diagnosed as dysthymia with chronic depression and 1 subject were major depression. We compared all variables between the group without psychiatric disorder and the group with psychotic disorder however we can't find any statistically significant differences except one variable. In the group with psychotic disorder, all subjects had the history of clustering of seizures in the rate of 100% of cases, but 54.6% of cases of the group without psychiatric disorder. The statistical difference was significant(p=0.016). It is a preliminary study in this field in Korea. However this study will help to understand the various psychiatric symptoms of the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and will help to promote further investigations in this field.