Short-term combined exercise training improves cardiorespiratory fitness and autonomic modulation in cancer patients receiving adjuvant therapy

Cristiano Mostarda,Jurema Castro-Filha,Andréa Dias Reis,Mário Sevílio Jr,Carlos José Dias,Antonio Carlos Silva-Filho,João Batista Silva Garcia,Maria do Desterro Nascimento,Hélio José Coelho-Junior,Bru 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.5

Integration of Forming Operations on Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Systems Based on Fusion Welding

João P. M. Pragana,Valentino A. M. Cristino,Ivo M. F. Bragança,Carlos M. A. Silva,Paulo A. F. Martins 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.3

This paper is focused on the integration of metal forming operations in hybrid systems that combine additive manufacturing (AM) by gas metal wire arc and subtractive manufacturing by machining. The investigation is carried out in AISI 316L stainless steel wire and draws from tensile testing to incremental sheet forming of truncated conical shapes. Commercial sheets from the same material are utilized for comparison purposes. Thickness measurements, digital image correlation (DIC), circle grid analysis (CGA) and microstructural and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations are carried out to understand how diff erent is the mechanical behaviour of the deposited metal from that of commercial metal sheets and how signifi cant is the infl uence of the deposited metal microstructure on its overall formability. Results confi rm that integration of metal forming operations in hybrid AM routes is feasible despite the formability of deposited metal being smaller than that of the commercial metal sheets due to the strong anisotropy induced by the dendritic based microstructure of the deposited metal. Incremental forming of two deposited parts also allows concluding that integration of metal forming operations in hybrid AM systems is a step towards green and sustainable manufacturing by extending their fi eld of applicability to the fabrication of complex ready-to-use parts requiring combination of diff erent processes.

Ultrasound and clinical findings from metacarpophalangeal joint assessments in show jumping horses in training

Ana Lúcia M. Yamada,Marcelo Pinheiro,Marília F. Marsiglia,Stefano Carlo F. Hagen,Raquel Yvonne A. Baccarin,Luís Cláudio L. C. da Silva 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.3

The aims of this study were to determine the morphological patterns, physical examination characteristics and ultrasound findings of show jumping horses in training and to establish a score-based examination model for physical and ultrasound foBackground: Physical exercise is known to cause significant joint changes. Thus, monitoring joint behavior of athletic horses is essential in early disorders recognition, allowing the proper management. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the morphological patterns, physical examination characteristics and ultrasound findings of show jumping horses in training and to establish a score-based examination model for physical and ultrasound follow-ups of metacarpophalangeal joint changes in these animals. Methods: A total of 52 metacarpophalangeal joints from 26 horses who were initially in the taming stage were evaluated, and the horses’ athletic progression was monitored. The horses were evaluated by a physical examination and by B-mode and Doppler-mode ultrasound examinations, starting at time zero (T0), which occurred concomitantly with the beginning of training, and every 3 months thereafter for a follow-up period of 18 months. Results: The standardized examination model revealed an increase in the maximum joint flexion angles and higher scores on the physical and ultrasound examinations after scoring was performed by predefined assessment tools, especially between 3 and 6 months of evaluation, which was immediately after the horses started more intense training. The lameness score and the ultrasound examination score were slightly higher at the end of the study. Conclusions: The observed results were probably caused by the implementation of a traininBackground: Physical exercise is known to cause significant joint changes. Thus, monitoring joint behavior of athletic horses is essential in early disorders recognition, allowing the proper management. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the morphological patterns, physical examination characteristics and ultrasound findings of show jumping horses in training and to establish a score-based examination model for physical and ultrasound follow-ups of metacarpophalangeal joint changes in these animals. Methods: A total of 52 metacarpophalangeal joints from 26 horses who were initially in the taming stage were evaluated, and the horses’ athletic progression was monitored. The horses were evaluated by a physical examination and by B-mode and Doppler-mode ultrasound examinations, starting at time zero (T0), which occurred concomitantly with the beginning of training, and every 3 months thereafter for a follow-up period of 18 months. Results: The standardized examination model revealed an increase in the maximum joint flexion angles and higher scores on the physical and ultrasound examinations after scoring was performed by predefined assessment tools, especially between 3 and 6 months of evaluation, which was immediately after the horses started more intense training. The lameness score and the ultrasound examination score were slightly higher at the end of the study. Conclusions: The observed results were probably caused by the implementation of a training regimen and joint adaptation to physical conditioning. The joints most likely undergo a pre-osteoarthritic period due to work overload, which can manifest in a consistent or adaptive manner, as observed during this study. Thus, continuous monitoring of young athlete horses by physical and ultrasound examinations that can be scored is essential. g regimen and joint adaptation to physical conditioning. The joints most likely undergo a pre-osteoarthritic period due to work overload, which can manifest in a consistent or adaptive manner, as observed during this study. Thus, continuous monitoring of young athlete horses by physical and ultrasound examinations that can be scored is essential.llow-ups of metacarpophalangeal joint changes in these animals....

Muscle-specific color stability in fresh beef from grain-finished Bos indicus cattle

Ana Paula A. A. Salim,Surendranath P. Suman,Anna C.V.C.S. Canto,Bruno R.C. Costa-Lima,Fernanda M. Viana,Maria Lucia G. Monteiro,Teofilo J. P. Silva,Carlos A. Conte-Junior 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.7

Objective: To investigate the color and oxidative stabilities of longissimus lumborum (LL) and psoas major (PM) muscles from grain-finished Bos indicus cattle in Brazil. Methods: The LL and PM muscles were obtained 24 h post-mortem from eight (n = 8) Nellore bull carcasses, fabricated into 1.5-cm steaks, aerobically packaged, and stored at 4°C for nine days. Steaks were analyzed for myoglobin concentration, pH, instrumental color, metmyoglobin reducing activity (MRA) and lipid oxidation. Results: The LL steaks exhibited greater (p<0.05) redness, color stability, and MRA than their PM counterparts on days 5 and 9. The LL and PM steaks demonstrated similar (p>0.05) lightness and yellowness on days 0, 5, and 9. On the other hand, PM steaks exhibited greater (p<0.05) myoglobin concentration, pH, and lipid oxidation than their LL counterparts. Conclusion: These results indicated that muscle source influenced the color and oxidative stabilities of beef from grain-finished Bos indicus animals. These results highlighted the necessity of muscle-specific strategies to improve the color stability of beef from grain-fed Bos indicus cattle.

FE simulation of S-N curves for a riveted connection using two-stage fatigue models

Correia, Jose A.F.O.,de Jesus, Abilio M.P.,Silva, Antonio L.L.,Pedrosa, Bruno,Rebelo, Carlos,Calcada, Rui A.B. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in computational design Vol.2 No.4

Inspections of ancient metallic bridges have illustrated fatigue cracking in riveted connections. This paper presents a comparison between two alternative finite element (FE) models proposed to predict the fatigue strength of a single shear and single rivet connection. The first model is based on solid finite elements as well as on contact elements, to simulate contact between the components of the connection. The second model is built using shell finite elements in order to model the plates of the riveted connection. Fatigue life predictions are carried out for the shear splice, integrating both crack initiation and crack propagation lives, resulting from the two alternative FE models. Global fatigue results, taking into account several clamping stresses on rivet, are compared with available experimental results. Proposed comparisons between predictions and experimental data illustrated that the proposed two-stage model yields consistent results.

Hybrid Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing of Conformal Cooling Channels: A Feasibility Study

João P. M. Pragana,Ivo M. F. Bragança,Carlos M. A. Silva,Paulo A. F. Martins 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.1

This paper investigates the feasibility of hybridizing wire-arc additive manufacturing with metal forming to create conformal cooling channels in moulds for hot material processing. An axisymmetric mould is used as a prototype test case and plastic deformation by flaring of the additively deposited inner tubular element is utilized to create the overhangs for connecting with the outer tubular element that are needed to fabricate the cooling channels. Finite element modelling of plastic deformation by flaring of the additively deposited material is carried out to identify the different modes of deformation and to determine the maximum allowable radius of the overhangs. Results show that the proposed hybridization of wire-arc additive manufacturing with plastic deformation by flaring adds flexibility to the design and fabrication of conformal channels in the as-built mould by eliminating the use of support structures and avoiding the use of complex deposition strategies. Finishing of the functional surfaces of the as-built mould by turning ensures the required accuracy and surface quality.

Ultrasound and clinical findings in the metacarpophalangeal joint assessment of show jumping horses in training

Yamada, Ana Lucia M.,Pinheiro, Marcelo,Marsiglia, Marilia F.,Hagen, Stefano Carlo F.,Baccarin, Raquel Yvonne A.,da Silva, Luis Claudio L.C. The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2020 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

Background: Physical exercise is known to cause significant joint changes. Thus, monitoring joint behavior of athletic horses is essential in early disorders recognition, allowing the proper management. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the morphological patterns, physical examination characteristics and ultrasound findings of show jumping horses in training and to establish a score-based examination model for physical and ultrasound follow-ups of metacarpophalangeal joint changes in these animals. Methods: A total of 52 metacarpophalangeal joints from 26 horses who were initially in the taming stage were evaluated, and the horses' athletic progression was monitored. The horses were evaluated by a physical examination and by B-mode and Doppler-mode ultrasound examinations, starting at time zero (T0), which occurred concomitantly with the beginning of training, and every 3 months thereafter for a follow-up period of 18 months. Results: The standardized examination model revealed an increase in the maximum joint flexion angles and higher scores on the physical and ultrasound examinations after scoring was performed by predefined assessment tools, especially between 3 and 6 months of evaluation, which was immediately after the horses started more intense training. The lameness score and the ultrasound examination score were slightly higher at the end of the study. Conclusions: The observed results were probably caused by the implementation of a training regimen and joint adaptation to physical conditioning. The joints most likely undergo a pre-osteoarthritic period due to work overload, which can manifest in a consistent or adaptive manner, as observed during this study. Thus, continuous monitoring of young athlete horses by physical and ultrasound examinations that can be scored is essential.

Rheological;Physical and Sensory Evaluation of Low-Fat Cupuassu Goat Milk Yogurts Supplemented with Fat Replacer

Marion P. Costa,Anisio Iuri L. S. Rosario,Vitor L. M. Silva,Carla P. Vieira,Carlos A. Conte-Junior 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.1

The use of skim milk is a strategy to increase goat milk yogurt acceptability. However;it can negatively affect yogurt rheology because fat plays a vital role in dairy structural integrity. Thus;this study aimed to investigate the effects of fat replacers on the rheological;physical;and sensory parameters of low-fat cupuassu goat milk yogurts during refrigerated storage (28 days). Five goat milk yogurts formulations were carried out: whole yogurt (WY);skim yogurt (SY);skim yogurt with inulin (SIY);skim yogurt with maltodextrin (SMY);and skim yogurt with whey protein (SWY). Treatments were subjected to bacterial counts;chemical composition;pH;water holding capacity;instrumental color and texture;rheological and sensory analyses. All samples showed reducing pH values;water holding capacity;and L* and b* value during storage. Regarding texture;the firmness and consistency decreased during storage. On the other hand;the viscosity index significantly increased during refrigerated storage time. Moreover;all treatments exhibited viscoelastic behaviour. In addition;SIY and SMY showed the highest apparent viscosity. Furthermore;SIY;SMY;and SWY formulations exhibited positive sensory scores for appearance;color;aroma;texture;and viscosity. However;the overall acceptability and purchase intention did not differ statistically between WY and the fat-replacement treatments (SIY;SMY;and SWY). These results indicate that fat substitutes improved the quality of skimmed formulations. Thus;inulin and maltodextrin have the potential as functional fat replaces to produce low-fat goat milk yogurts.

Rheological, Physical and Sensory Evaluation of Low-Fat Cupuassu Goat Milk Yogurts Supplemented with Fat Replacer

Marion P. Costa,Anisio Iuri L. S. Rosario,Vitor L. M. Silva,Carla P. Vieira,Carlos A. Conte-Junior 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.2

The use of skim milk is a strategy to increase goat milk yogurt acceptability. However, it can negatively affect yogurt rheology because fat plays a vital role in dairy structural integrity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of fat replacers on the rheological, physical, and sensory parameters of low-fat cupuassu goat milk yogurts during refrigerated storage (28 days). Five goat milk yogurts formulations were carried out: whole yogurt (WY), skim yogurt (SY), skim yogurt with inulin (SIY), skim yogurt with maltodextrin (SMY), and skim yogurt with whey protein (SWY). Treatments were subjected to bacterial counts, chemical composition, pH, water holding capacity, instrumental color and texture, rheological and sensory analyses. All samples showed reducing pH values, water holding capacity, and L* and b* value during storage. Regarding texture, the firmness and consistency decreased during storage. On the other hand, the viscosity index significantly increased during refrigerated storage time. Moreover, all treatments exhibited viscoelastic behaviour. In addition, SIY and SMY showed the highest apparent viscosity. Furthermore, SIY, SMY, and SWY formulations exhibited positive sensory scores for appearance, color, aroma, texture, and viscosity. However, the overall acceptability and purchase intention did not differ statistically between WY and the fat-replacement treatments (SIY, SMY, and SWY). These results indicate that fat substitutes improved the quality of skimmed formulations. Thus, inulin and maltodextrin have the potential as functional fat replaces to produce low-fat goat milk yogurts.

Increased Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Levels in Serum of Dogs Experimentally Infected with Rangelia vitalii

Francine C. Paim,Aleksandro S. Da Silva,Carlos Breno V. Paim,Raqueli T. Franca,Marcio M. Costa,Marta M. M. F. Duarte,Manuela B. Sangoi,Rafael N. Moresco,Silvia G. Monteiro,Sonia Terezinha A. Lopes 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.1

This study aimed to measure the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) in serum of dogs experimentally infected with Rangelia vitalii. Twelve female mongrel dogs were divided into 2 groups; group A (uninfected controls) composed by healthy dogs (n=5) and group B consisting of dogs inoculated with R. vitalii (n=7). Animals were monitored by blood smear examinations, which showed intraerythrocytic forms of the parasite on day 5 post-infection (PI). Blood samples were collected through the jugular vein on days 0, 10, and 20 PI to determine the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and NOx. Cytokines were assessed by ELISA quantitative sandwich technique, and NOx was measured by the modified Griess method. Cytokine levels (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) were increased (P<0.01) in serum of infected animals. Serum levels of NOx were also increased on days 10 PI (P<0.01) and 20 PI (P<0.05) in infected animals. Therefore, the infection with R. vitalii causes an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide content. These alterations may be associated with host immune protection against the parasite.