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        Integration of Forming Operations on Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Systems Based on Fusion Welding

        João P. M. Pragana,Valentino A. M. Cristino,Ivo M. F. Bragança,Carlos M. A. Silva,Paulo A. F. Martins 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.7 No.3

        This paper is focused on the integration of metal forming operations in hybrid systems that combine additive manufacturing (AM) by gas metal wire arc and subtractive manufacturing by machining. The investigation is carried out in AISI 316L stainless steel wire and draws from tensile testing to incremental sheet forming of truncated conical shapes. Commercial sheets from the same material are utilized for comparison purposes. Thickness measurements, digital image correlation (DIC), circle grid analysis (CGA) and microstructural and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations are carried out to understand how diff erent is the mechanical behaviour of the deposited metal from that of commercial metal sheets and how signifi cant is the infl uence of the deposited metal microstructure on its overall formability. Results confi rm that integration of metal forming operations in hybrid AM routes is feasible despite the formability of deposited metal being smaller than that of the commercial metal sheets due to the strong anisotropy induced by the dendritic based microstructure of the deposited metal. Incremental forming of two deposited parts also allows concluding that integration of metal forming operations in hybrid AM systems is a step towards green and sustainable manufacturing by extending their fi eld of applicability to the fabrication of complex ready-to-use parts requiring combination of diff erent processes.

      • KCI등재

        Hybrid Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing of Conformal Cooling Channels: A Feasibility Study

        João P. M. Pragana,Ivo M. F. Bragança,Carlos M. A. Silva,Paulo A. F. Martins 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.1

        This paper investigates the feasibility of hybridizing wire-arc additive manufacturing with metal forming to create conformal cooling channels in moulds for hot material processing. An axisymmetric mould is used as a prototype test case and plastic deformation by flaring of the additively deposited inner tubular element is utilized to create the overhangs for connecting with the outer tubular element that are needed to fabricate the cooling channels. Finite element modelling of plastic deformation by flaring of the additively deposited material is carried out to identify the different modes of deformation and to determine the maximum allowable radius of the overhangs. Results show that the proposed hybridization of wire-arc additive manufacturing with plastic deformation by flaring adds flexibility to the design and fabrication of conformal channels in the as-built mould by eliminating the use of support structures and avoiding the use of complex deposition strategies. Finishing of the functional surfaces of the as-built mould by turning ensures the required accuracy and surface quality.

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